{"id":1217,"date":"2023-03-29T16:59:08","date_gmt":"2023-03-29T13:59:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/?p=1217"},"modified":"2023-03-29T16:59:08","modified_gmt":"2023-03-29T13:59:08","slug":"the-history-of-political-ideas-in-antiquity-and-the-middle-ages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/the-history-of-political-ideas-in-antiquity-and-the-middle-ages.html","title":{"rendered":"THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL IDEAS IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL IDEAS IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"doi-text\">\r\n<p><strong>\u2116 1 (176) 2023<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>DOI 10.46320\/2073-4506-2023-1-176-85-90 <\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Pages 85-90 <\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>YUMASHEV Yuriy Mikhaylovich<\/strong><br \/> Ph.D. in Law, chief researcher of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL IDEAS IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>The history of political ideas represents the formation of political theories, starting from ancient Greece. The authors of these theories developed them by developing themes, posing problems, discussing and interpreting the texts they created. Over the past millennia, questions have been debated: &#8220;What is power and strength?&#8221;, &#8220;What does justice mean in politics?&#8221;, &#8220;Who deserves to be a ruler, what should his human qualities be and who should he rule?&#8221;<br \/> The evolution of these ideas is influenced, in addition to temporary factors, by the most significant events (and their consequences) of each epoch, such as wars, crises, and the conclusion of peace agreements. The nature of the political system also plays an important role.<br \/> The history of ideas serves as an arsenal of arguments and models of political theories, with the help of which it is possible to better understand the problems of modern and future development of society. The political ideas of the past are by no means historical relics. They help to better understand the socio-political structure of modern states and the forms of their continued existence in the future.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> antiquity, state, citizen, democracy, political ideas, religion, Middle Ages, Christianity.<\/p>\r\n<hr>\r\n<p><strong>\u2116 1 (176) 2023<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b 85-90 <\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u042e\u041c\u0410\u0428\u0415\u0412 \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447<\/strong><br \/> \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a, \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u0418\u0421\u0422\u041e\u0420\u0418\u042f \u041f\u041e\u041b\u0418\u0422\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0425 \u0418\u0414\u0415\u0419 \u0412 \u0410\u041d\u0422\u0418\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0421\u0422\u0418 \u0418 \u0421\u0420\u0415\u0414\u041d\u0415\u0412\u0415\u041a\u041e\u0412\u042c\u0415<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0413\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0451\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b: &laquo;\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430?&raquo;, &laquo;\u0427\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435?&raquo;, &laquo;\u041a\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043d \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c?&raquo;<br \/> \u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u044e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f (\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f) \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b, \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f.<br \/> \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439, \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043d\u044e\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430:<\/strong> \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d, \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c\u0435, \u0445\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p class=\"pvc_stats all \" data-element-id=\"1217\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> &nbsp;1,037&nbsp;\u0412\u0421\u0415\u0413\u041e, &nbsp;1&nbsp;\u0421\u0415\u0413\u041e\u0414\u041d\u042f<\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL IDEAS IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES \u2116 1 (176) 2023 DOI 10.46320\/2073-4506-2023-1-176-85-90 Pages 85-90 YUMASHEV Yuriy Mikhaylovich Ph.D. in Law, chief researcher of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL IDEAS IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES The history of political &#8230; <a title=\"THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL IDEAS IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/the-history-of-political-ideas-in-antiquity-and-the-middle-ages.html\" aria-label=\"More on THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL IDEAS IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES\">Read more<\/a><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p class=\"pvc_stats all \" data-element-id=\"1217\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 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