{"id":2870,"date":"2026-03-25T09:43:15","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T06:43:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/?p=2870"},"modified":"2026-03-25T09:43:40","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T06:43:40","slug":"digital-financial-assets-as-collateral","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/digital-financial-assets-as-collateral.html","title":{"rendered":"DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS AS COLLATERAL: CIVIL LAW QUALIFICATION AND REGISTRY MECHANISM OF SECURITY RIGHTS"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS AS COLLATERAL: CIVIL LAW QUALIFICATION AND REGISTRY MECHANISM OF SECURITY RIGHTS<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"doi-text\">\r\n<p><strong>\u2116 1 (212) 2026<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>DOI 10.46320\/2073-4506-2026-1-212-278<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Pages 212-278<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>KHODUS Valeriy Mikhailovich<\/strong><br\/>postgraduate student of Civil law and process sub-faculty, Faculty of Law, Academy of Labor and Social Relations<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS AS COLLATERAL: CIVIL LAW QUALIFICATION AND REGISTRY MECHANISM OF SECURITY RIGHTS<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>The article discusses the issues of civil law qualification of digital financial assets as collateral, taking into account the specifics of their existence in the form of an account in an information system. Digital financial assets are analyzed as property rights of a binding or corporate nature that exist in a special accounting and registry form, which makes it possible to identify the specifics of the use of collateral rights in the context of digital turnover. The pledge of digital financial assets is considered as a kind of pledge of binding rights, for which the record of encumbrance in the information system has a constitutive meaning and acts as a condition for the emergence and opposability of the pledge right. It is shown that the principle of collateral publicity is transformed in the context of the registry model of digital rights turnover and is implemented through the availability of information to participants in the relevant information system, and the priority of security rights is determined by the chronology of accounting operations. Special attention is paid to the limits of automation of security relations using smart contracts, as well as the legal role of the information system operator as an infrastructural entity ensuring the legitimacy of collateral and foreclosure.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> digital financial assets, digital rights, pledge of rights, pledge of digital financial assets, priority of security rights, smart contract, information system operator.<\/p>\r\n<hr>\r\n<p><strong>\u2116 1 (212) 2026<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b 212-278<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u0425\u041e\u0414\u0423\u0421 \u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447<\/strong><br\/>\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u044b \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442, \u0410\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u0426\u0418\u0424\u0420\u041e\u0412\u042b\u0415 \u0424\u0418\u041d\u0410\u041d\u0421\u041e\u0412\u042b\u0415 \u0410\u041a\u0422\u0418\u0412\u042b \u041a\u0410\u041a \u041f\u0420\u0415\u0414\u041c\u0415\u0422 \u0417\u0410\u041b\u041e\u0413\u0410: \u0413\u0420\u0410\u0416\u0414\u0410\u041d\u0421\u041a\u041e-\u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u041e\u0412\u0410\u042f \u041a\u0412\u0410\u041b\u0418\u0424\u0418\u041a\u0410\u0426\u0418\u042f \u0418 \u0420\u0415\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0420\u041e\u0412\u042b\u0419 \u041c\u0415\u0425\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0417\u041c \u041e\u0411\u0415\u0421\u041f\u0415\u0427\u0418\u0422\u0415\u041b\u042c\u041d\u042b\u0425 \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435. \u0426\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043d\u043e-\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439. \u041e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0437\u044b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430:<\/strong> \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b, \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432, \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p class=\"pvc_stats all \" data-element-id=\"2870\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> &nbsp;121&nbsp;\u0412\u0421\u0415\u0413\u041e, &nbsp;3&nbsp;\u0421\u0415\u0413\u041e\u0414\u041d\u042f<\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS AS COLLATERAL: CIVIL LAW QUALIFICATION AND REGISTRY MECHANISM OF SECURITY RIGHTS \u2116 1 (212) 2026 DOI 10.46320\/2073-4506-2026-1-212-278 Pages 212-278 KHODUS Valeriy Mikhailovichpostgraduate student of Civil law and process sub-faculty, Faculty of Law, Academy of Labor and Social Relations DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS AS COLLATERAL: CIVIL LAW QUALIFICATION AND REGISTRY MECHANISM OF SECURITY RIGHTS &#8230; <a title=\"DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS AS COLLATERAL: CIVIL LAW QUALIFICATION AND REGISTRY MECHANISM OF SECURITY RIGHTS\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/digital-financial-assets-as-collateral.html\" aria-label=\"More on DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS AS COLLATERAL: CIVIL LAW QUALIFICATION AND REGISTRY MECHANISM OF SECURITY RIGHTS\">Read more<\/a><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p class=\"pvc_stats all \" data-element-id=\"2870\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> &nbsp;121&nbsp;\u0412\u0421\u0415\u0413\u041e, &nbsp;3&nbsp;\u0421\u0415\u0413\u041e\u0414\u041d\u042f<\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,20],"tags":[],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"2.8.11","language":"en","enabled_languages":["ru","en"],"languages":{"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2870"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2870"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2870\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2870"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eurasialaw-journal.ru\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}