Interview with the Deputy Chairman of the Moscow branch of the Russian Union of Young Scientists E. V. Bochkareva

 

Legal regulation of the economic activity of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North in Russia and Finland

Internаtionаl legаl issues of cooperаtion of the SCO member –countries in а pаndemic (COVID-19)

Violation of the individuals rights while providing international legal aid and the means to prevent it

Legal regulation of certification of mass-produced products in the context of an unfavorable epidemiological situation associated with the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), within the framework of the functioning of the Eurasian Economic Union

Cooperation between the European Union and the Russian Federation on asylum issues

Some aspects of application of the «soft power» policy in media resources format, on example of North Korea in the Republic of Korea

 

To the question of the criteria of diplomatic asylum in modern international law

Some aspects of application of proportionality principle in WTO practice

Expanding the jurisdiction of international dispute resolution bodies by the example of the ICAO council and the International Court of Justice

 

The problem of regionalization in the application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures in the WTO

China’s aviation industry and the prospects for the supply of its products to Latin America

 

Problems and trends in the development of the general theory of state and law

Amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the spiritual security of Russian society

The opportunities and limitations in the field of information relations

Law and order: concept, signs, essence

Legal regulation of certain sectors of the economy of the EAEU Member States in the context of interstate integration

On some issues of translation of norms of law into a machine-readable format

 

Consequences of consolidation of the local service system as supports of autocracy and sociocultural split of society in the 17th century (part 4)

Features of international law: violation of international norms of law in the 30s of the 20th century

Features of the formation and evolution of the legal status of the khan of the Golden Horde in the 13th century

Development of Russian criminal legislation in the pre-revolutionary period

Why “Crimean California” doesn’t become the 51st US state?

 

Problems of replenishment of the municipal budget when citizens evade registration of real estate that is in their actual ownership

On the issue of constitutional and legal aspects of limiting the political rights of citizens in the activities of the internal affairs bodies of the Kyrgyz Republic

Constitutional and legal analysis of the implementation in Russia of the right to assembly, rallies, demonstrations, marches and picketing

Legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation as a means of ensuring the unity of judicial practice in the activities of constitutional (charter) courts

Problems and prospects of creating a register of small-numbered peoples of the North. Legal aspect

Constitutional principle of social solidarity in the field of labor relations

Actual problems of protecting personal rights on the Internet: constitutional aspect

Fundamentals of the constitutional and legal status of the subject of the Russian Federation

 

Some aspects of legal regulation of the composition of the projects of the protection zones of cultural heritage objects of the peoples of the Russian Federation

Problems of legislative technique in the environmental code of the subject of the Russian Federation

Statute of limitations for bringing to administrative responsibility

Improvement of administrative and tort legislation in the field of prevention of offenses for the treatment of industrial and consumer waste

The role of the public in the protection and use of wildlife:problems and solutions

Problems of distinguishing between environmental crimes and administrative offenses

Environmental security of the Eurasian region as a complex object of customs and legal protection

Inspection of the statutory activities of religious organizations by state authorities

About the state supervision of the design and technical condition of motor vehicles

 

Features of municipal government in foreign countries

The «uberrimae fidei» doctrine and the problems of its implementation in the insurance law of Russia and foreign countries

On the issue of legislative regulation of the institution of compensation for harm

Extra-judicial bankruptcy of a citizen: problems of legal regulation

Court and notary. Problems of separating a spouse share in inheritance

On the application of labor legislation during the pandemic

Inheritance fund as a special format of a legal entity

Ethical and legal analysis of the concept of free will in contractual relations

Problems of defining the concept of “advertising” for the development of civil law regulation of advertising activities

The legal basis for the activities of media representatives in the context of hostilities abroad

Civil liability for violation of related rights on the Internet

New changes in the bankruptcy procedure for individuals in the legislation of the Russian Federation 2020-2021

Organization of consulting activities in the patent field

Civil law problems of abuse of the exclusive right to a trademark

Problems of legal regulation of the use of escrow accounts in housing finance

Preventing conflicts of interest of military officials as a condition of the legality of military organizations’ participation in property circulation

Problems transactions made via a digital platform and ideas for improving the civil and banking legislation of the Russian Federation

Legal entities in light of the renovation of the Civil Code of Belarus

Concept and legal status of apartments

Legal basis of social support for families with children in lockdown conditions

Optional programs: theoretical and legal aspect

The casus of Donald Trump and the implied covenant of good faith in agreements with social networks under the law of the United States

Civil liability in the agricultural sector

 

Dynamics, problems and prospects for the development of municipal property law in Russian legislation

 

Extrajudicial mechanisms of protection of violated entrepreneurial rights

Some aspects of the theory and practice of control and supervisory activities in the context of reform

On the issue of improving the legislative regulation of the activities of the commissioner for the protection of the rights of entrepreneurs in the Russian Federation

 

Risk-based approach in the mechanism of taxpayers procedural guarantees

Features of the legal regulation of audit financial control in the Russian Federation

The concept, forms and methods of budgetary control

Taxation of object qualified as luxury: realities and prospects

 

Functions of the Bank of Russia at the current stage of development of the financial market

 

Application of tariff benefits and preferences in the conditions of international trade cooperation of the EAEU member states

 

Some peculiarities of countering the illegal transport of drugs and psychotropic substances

Electoral crime: characteristics, counteraction

Ratio of voluntary refusal to commit a crime and an unfinished crime

Combating economic crimes committed with the use of the «internet»

Problems of combating illegal trafficking of potent substances and problems of qualification of an act by a group of persons by prior agreement

Theft in domestic criminal law: concept, features, forms

Сriminal liability for genocide under Russian legislation

Reforming the subject of a crime: on the issue of reducing the general and special age of criminal responsibility

«Viam supervadet vadens», or how the law enforcement paves his way in the development of art. 210.1 of the Criminal Code of The Russian Federation

Questions of interpretation of circumstances precluding criminality of the act

Improvement of the procedure of getting acquainted with the criminal case materials by the accused

On the issue of legislative regulation of the subject of corruption-related crimes committed in the field of private relations, complicated by a foreign element

Criminal and legal characteristics of kidnapping in domestic criminal law

Questions of application of the concept of “victim” in criminal law

Validity of verification of the obligatory part of the deal by notary during selling share (part of the share) in a limited liability company

Actual problems of consideration of the concept of misdemeanor, crime, offense

Implementation of some principles of criminal law in sentencing

Delimitation of offences punishable by articles 115, 116, 116.1 and 117 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and related administrative offences

On the concept of differentiation of criminal responsibility in criminal law science

Kovalev’s readings–2021: session «Biotechnology, synthetic biology and genome editing: a criminal law view»

Personal guarantee and guarantee of organizations as a measure of execution in the Republic of Azerbaijan

Active repentance as an institution of liberation from criminal responsibility

The reason for initiating a criminal case, as the initial stage of the proceedings

On the issue of the criminal-legal assessment of the impossibility of providing medical care to a patient

The concept, essence and features of the legal nature of digital rights in Russia as a subject of property crimes

 

Questions of classification of other procedural actions in criminal proceedings

Changes in the criminal procedure legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan in connection with the conduct of investigative actions in recent years

To the issue of the legal status of the expert and the specialist in the criminal proceedings of the foreign countries

Prohibition of certain actions: implementation challenges and development prospects

Forensic tools

On some aspects of the state of cybercrime in the Russian Federation

The use of videoconferencing in the implementation of international cooperation

Competition of the general and simplified procedure of judicial proceedings in the Russian criminal process

 

Foreign experience of educational work with convicted

Application of criminal-legal measures of drug addiction prevention during release from serving a sentence:questions of theory and practice

 

Tactical issues that arise during the preliminary investigation

Features of the organization and conduct of the inspection of the scene during the investigation, disruption of activities of institutions providing isolation from society

Problematic issues of forensic expertise and ways to solve them

 

Some features of the current state and dynamics of crime against the background of the pandemic

Some possibilities of solving crimes by the method of their commission

General characteristics of corruption crime in the field of execution of sentences in the form of imprisonment

Methods for preventing suicide among adolescents. The legislative aspect

 

Recommendations to employees of the internal affairs bodies on actions after the use of firearms

Some features of the formation of psychological stability and physical readiness of employees of internal affairs bodies for the use of military weapon

Basic aspects of psychological work in IAB

The competence of the internal affairs in combating manifestations of extremism and terrorism

Improving the self-training of cadets of the MIA of Russia

Use of electric shock devices by employees the patrol-guard service of the police

Some features of formation of professionalism of the personality of IAB officer: fire training

New opportunities of information support for the activities of law enforcement bodies of the Russian Federation using artificial intelligence elements

 

Problems of execution of a court decision

The role and place of interpretation of the criminal law in court

Internal belief as the main criterion for the implementation of the principle of free evaluation of evidence in criminal proceedings

 

Prosecutor’s supervision over observance of legality in the activities of customs authorities

 

State response to global challenges in the prism of human rights observance

Peculiarities of interaction between the prosecutor’s office and human rights non-governmental organizations in the field of protection of human and civil rights and freedoms

 

Public-law liability of judges in mass torts

 

The main forms of network interaction between candidates and voters in municipal elections (based on the materials of the included observation)

Identity and globalization as the main synchronistic problems in the framework of personality formation

 

Aspects of the conflict between terrorism and the State

Certain features of the investigation of crimes related to extremism

Risk management system as a necessary element in the corporate structure

Security of the scene as a set of actions to ensure the effectiveness of the inspection

Identification and suppression of financing of terrorist and extremist activities in the North Caucasian region

Protective measures against exposure of hazardous chemicals and first aid in the implementation of personal protection

Ways to counter terrorism as a global problem of our time

Evolution of the strategy of countering extremism in the Russian Federation

Illegal trafficking in weapons and essential parts as a subject of crime

The role of education in the prevention of terrorist and extremist manifestations among youth

 

Theoretical and practical prerequisites for independent physical training of cadets based on information and telecommunications technologies

On the question of the use of interactive teaching in physical culture and sports

On the question of the philosophy of pedagogical science:yesterday, today, tomorrow

Some aspects of the organization of higher professional education

A practice-oriented approach in the fire training classes

The problem of adaptation of cadets and students studying in the profile of a district police officer to practical shooting and ways to solve it

Scientific-theoretical bases of training of specialists in law universities of Russia

To the question about the legal regulation of digital education

 

International relations in youth environment:(on the materials of the Tyumen region)

 

Typology of the author’s remarks (based on crime novels in Russian and English)

 

Platforms and platform law in promising technical sports

The use of mobile communications in PR communications:problems and trends

Content marketing trends in 2021

The place of the system of social standardization in the mechanism of regulating the income of the population

Improving the anti-corruption mechanism as a condition for ensuring the economic security of the country

Trade as a factor of socio-economic development of the region

State regulation of advertising activities in the context of digitalization

Application of standardization in a circular economy as a basis for increasing the competitiveness of economic agents

Stages and features of strategic planning of innovative enterprises

Preliminary control as a method of state administration in the field of defense orders in order to ensure the system of economic security

Moral depreciation of a building, as an integral attribute of the social utility of the construction object

Psychological aspects of platform law

Principles of strategic management of innovation activities of scientific and production enterprises in the Russian Federation

Social sphere as a managed system and social development

Impact of Coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and the “Coronacrisis” caused by it on exchange gold trading

Social effect as an integral attribute of the technical and economic assessment of the construction project

Problems of the Russian economy in 2018

 

Modern culture as a cultural policy: M. Heidegger about culture as a «phenomenon of modernity»

New normality as a concept of social change

The philosophy of ecophilic economics

Transcendental foundations of culture as understood by Russian religious philosophers

Philosophy of law and law enforcement in the context of interdisciplinary communication

Excessive privatization

“Cultural particularities”: politicization, depoliticization, and the global order

Philosophical and legal aspect of solving environmental problems

The image of Russia abroad as an object of self-knowledge

Definition of multiple subjectivity

On the question of the sacred space, and religious attributes of representatives Iron din (according to the questionnaire survey of the participants of the Rekom sanctuary festival)

The problem of sovereignty in the philosophy of Jean Bodin

Ontology of the dialectic of evolution in the context of biotechnology

Socio-philosophical foundations of the “horizontal” concept of the national idea of Russia

 

The main scientific idea of this work is a comparative legal analysis of the economic activities of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North (hereinafter – the indigenous peoples of the North) in two countries – Russia and Finland. The relevance of the work is because the challenges of the time bring the issues of preserving and protecting the original culture of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic on the world agenda.

The small peoples of the North in the context of globalization are at risk of extinction. To solve this problem, the state offers a number of social guarantees and forms of support in all spheres of society. The goal of legal science in this regard is to establish the problems of the North and indigenous peoples as facts, together with the formation of possible ways to solve the identified problems.

Keywords: traditional economic activity, Arctic, indigenous small- numbered people of the North, comparative analysis, reindeer husbandry, forest management.

1. Murad Kerimov: po hrupkomu l’du, kak v Arktike sobljudaetsja balans mezhdu ohranoj prirody i jekonomikoj // ORUZhIE ROSSII Informacionnoe agentstvo. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://www.arms-expo.ru/news/politics-and-society/zamestitel-ministra-prirodnykh-resursov-i-ekologii-rfmurad-kerimov/ Elena Berezina. M. «Rossijskaja gazeta». 12. Data izvlechenija:2019-12-13 11:01:55.028653.

2. Slepcov A.N. Gosudarstvennaja jetnologicheskaja jekspertiza Respubliki Saha (Jakutija) // Arktika XXI vek. Gumanitarnye nauki. – 2015. – # 1.

3. Slepcov A.N. Jetnologicheskaja jekspertiza kak social’nyj proekt // Arkticheskij vektor: jetnologicheskaja jekspertiza – vchera, segodnja, zavtra. Materialy III regional’noj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii, posvjashhennoj 10-letiju prinjatija Zakona Respubliki Saha (Jakutija) «Ob jetnologicheskoj jekspertize v mestah tradicionnogo prozhivanija i tradicionnoj hozjajstvennoj dejatel’nosti korennyh malochislennyh narodov Severa Respubliki Saha (Jakutija)». Ministerstvo po razvitiju Arktiki i delam narodov Severa Respubliki Saha (Jakutija), Gosudarstvennoe sobranie Respubliki Saha (Jakutija), Akademija nauk Respubliki Saha (Jakutija).- 2020. – S. 16-21.

4. Niikko Sommer. The History of Mining and Inroads in Samiland and their effect on the Sami. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.laits.utexas.edu/sami/dieda/hist/mining.htm (data obrashhenija:09.12.2020).

This аrticle discusses the issues of cooperаtion of members of the Shаnghаi Cooperаtion Orgаnizаtion (hereinаfter SCO) during the COVID-19 pаndemic. It should be noted thаt the pаndemic did not leаd to а decreаse in аctivity in the mаin directions of the SCO’s аctivities. During the Russiаn chаirmаnship of the SCO (from June 14, 2019 – June 14, 2021), а totаl of more thаn 60 joint events were held on topicаl issues аnd аreаs, in which representаtives of the heаds of government, heаds of depаrtments, heаds of pаrliаment, business аnd public structures. The mаin goаl of the SCO during the pаndemic is cooperаtion аnd mutuаl аssistаnce.

Keywords: Shanghai Cooperation Organization, pandemic, crisis, cooperation, fighting the virus, online meeting, post-pаndemic.

1. Alibaba Group sovmestno c Sekretariatom ShOS organizoval obuchajushhij seminar po protivodejstviju rasprostraneniju novoj koronavirusnoj infekcii.– [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/news/20200514/646728.html.

2. Dogovor o dolgosrochnom dobrososedstve, druzhbe i sotrudnichestve gosudarstv-chlenov ShOS ot 16 avgusta 2007 goda. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/documents/ (data obrashhenija:27.11.2020).

3. Zasedanie jekspertov po podgotovke Soveshhanija Ministrov zdravoohranenija gosudarstv-chlenov Shanhajskoj organizacii sotrudnichestva v formate videokonferencii ot 1 aprelja 2020 goda. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/news/20200402/641294.html (data obrashhenija:01.12.2020).

4. Zajavlenie Soveta glav gosudarstv-chlenov Shanhajskoj organizacii sotrudnichestva o sovmestnom protivodejstvii novoj koronavirusnoj infekcii (COVID-19) ot «10» nojabrja 2020 goda g. Moskva. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/documents/ (data obrashhenija: 01.12.2020).

5. Informacionnoe soobshhenie o zasedanii Soveta glav gosudarstv-chlenov Shanhajskoj organizacii sotrudnichestva ot 10 nojabrja 2020 goda. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/news/20201110/689147.html (data obrashhenija:01.12.2020).

6. Mezhdunarodnye mediko-sanitarnye pravila VOZ (2005 god). – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:http://docs.cntd.ru/document/901947562 (data obrashhenija: 30.11.2020).

7. Moskovskaja deklaracija Soveta glav gosudarstv-chlenov Shanhajskoj organizacii sotrudnichestva ot 10 nojabrja 2020 goda. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/documents/ (data obrashhenija: 30.11.2020).

8. Norov V. I. General’nyj sekretar’ ShOS. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://tass.ru/mezhdunarodnaya-panorama/9411665 (data obrashhenija: 28.11.2020).

9. O videokonferencii ministrov inostrannyh del gosudarstv-chlenov ShOS. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/news/20200513/646119.html.

10. Ob itogah Soveshhanija glav sluzhb gosudarstv-chlenov ShOS, otvechajushhih za obespechenie sanitarno-jepidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchija. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://roscongress.org/news/ob-itogah-soveschanija-glav-sluzhb-gosudarstvchlenov-shos-otvechajuschih-za-obespechenie-sanitarnoepidemiologicheskogo-

blagopoluchija/ (data obrashhenija: 29.11.2020).

11. Perechen’ dokumentov, vnosimyh na podpisanie v hode zasedanija Soveta glav gosudarstv-chlenov Shanhajskoj organizacii sotrudnichestva (g. Bishkek, 13-14 ijunja 2019 goda). – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/documents/ (data obrashhenija:28.11.2020).

12. Pomoshh’ Rossii Kyrgyzstanu. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://ru.sputnik.kg/trend/pomoshch_rossii_kyrgyzstanu_s_koronavirusom/ (data obrashhenija: 01.12.2020).

13. Sekretariat ShOS prinjal uchastie v mezhdunarodnom seminare «Pandemija COVID-19: simptomy i lechenie mirovoj jekonomiki». – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/news/20201127/695243.html (data obrashhenija:01.12.2020).

14. Special’nyj reportazh: Sammit ShOS ukrepit «shanhajskij duh» ravnopravnogo partnerstva v protivostojanii pandemii COVID-19. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://russian.china.org.cn/international/txt/2020-11/09/content_76890436.htm (data

obrashhenija: 29.11.2020).

15. Strategija razvitija Shanhajskoj organizacii sotrudnichestva do 2025 goda. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/documents/ (data obrashhenija: 28.11.2020).

16. Hartija ShOS ot ot 7 ijunja 2002 goda. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/documents/ (data obrashhenija: 26.11.2020).

17. Cindaoskaja deklaracija Soveta glav gosudarstv-chlenov Shanhajskoj organizacii sotrudnichestva ot 10 ijunja 2018 goda. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://rus.sectsco.org/documents/ (data obrashhenija: 01.12.2020).

 

This paper investigates some violations of the individuals’ rights that occur while providing international legal aid. We comment on specific judicial and arbitral practice examples that demonstrate a formal approach to the protection of the rights of both parties. This concerns cases in which official information from the foreign states is being requested, prompt and proper notice of the time and place of court proceedings concerning Russian legal entities by a foreign court and acceptance of the foreign courts’ actions. Since not only judicial authorities are responsible for the execution of court decisions, we analyze the law enforcement agencies’ work and point out issues concerning delayed enforcement of foreign court decisions. As a result of the research, we suggest establishing private bailiffs institutions and outline the importance of considering current international agreements of the Russian Federation in judicial and arbitral practice, particular aspects of implementing such agreements, and their relationship to the current legislation.

Keywords: violation of the rights, individuals, international legal aid, international agreements, courts, judicial and arbitral practice, law enforcement agencies.

1. Zanina A., Rajskij A. Problema neispolnenija sudebnyh reshenij v Rossii // Gazeta «Kommersant”».- 2018. – # 38. – S. 11.

2. Ignatenko G. V. Mezhdunarodnoe pravo i vnutrigosudarstvennoe pravo: problemy soprjazhennosti i vzaimodejstvija: sb. nauchnyh publikacij za sorok let (1972-2011 gody). – M.: Norma: INFRA-M, 2019.

3. Kostin A. A. Pravovye osnovanija priznanija i ispolnenija inostrannyh sudebnyh reshenij v Rossijskoj Federacii: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. – M., 2018.

4. Lic M. O. Priznanie i ispolnenie reshenij inostrannyh sudov i arbitrazhej v Rossijskoj Federacii: sootnoshenie mezhdunarodno-pravovoj i vnutrigosudarstvennoj reglamentaci: avtoref. dis. …kand. jurid. nauk. – Kazan’, 2002. – S. 19.

5. Mamedova M. K., Alhasova B. A. Sravnitel’nyj analiz prinuditel’nogo ispolnenija v rossijskom i zarubezhnom zakonodatel’stve // Juridicheskij vestnik Dagestanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. – 2019. – # 1. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sravnitelnyyanaliz-prinuditelnogo-ispolneniya-v-rossiyskom-izarubezhnom-zakonodatelstve (data obrashhenija:28.03.2021). – S. 93 – 96.

6. Murzabulatov U. M. Sovremennoe sostojanie prinuditel’no-ispolnitel’noj sistemy v Rossijskoj Federacii i puti sovershenstvovanija // Pravovoe gosudarstvo: teorija i praktika. – 2019. – # 4 (58).[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sovremennoe-sostoyanieprinuditelno-ispolnitelnoy-sistemy-v-rossiyskoyfederatsii-i-puti-sovershenstvovaniya (data obrashhenija: 28.03.2021). – S. 118-121.

7. Nesvit E. A. Sud kak sub”ekt zashhity prav grazhdan// Administrativnoe pravo i process. – 2020. – #10. – S. 48-51.

8. Praktikum po mezhdunarodnomu pravu / Otv. red. prof. G. V. Ignatenko, prof. S. Ju. Marochkin, prof.O. I. Tiunov. – M.: Izdatel’stvo NORMA, 2002.

In this article, the author examines the law of the Eurasian Economic Union in the field of technical regulation for the possibility of resolving the issue of certification of mass-produced products in an unfavorable epidemiological situation associated with the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), in order to avoid disruption of supply chains.

The author comes to the opinion that with proper international legal regulation of issues related to the introduction of restrictive measures by States, and the development of an act of the Eurasian Economic Commission aimed at establishing a temporary procedureremote assessment of product compliance with the mandatory requirements of the technical regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union, an economic supply vacuum can be avoided.

Keywords: the Eurasian Economic Union, the Eurasian Economic Commission, the Treaty on the Eurasian economic Union, the 29^th of May, 2014, technical regulations, certification, coronavirus infection, COVID-19, restriction

1. Evrazijskij jekonomicheskij sojuz. Sankt-Peterburg: CII EABR, 2017. 296 s.

2. Dogovor kak obshhepravovaja cennost’: Monografija, Avhadeev V.R., Astashova V.S., Andrichenko L.V. i dr. IZiSP, Statut, 2018.

3. Doronina N.G., Luk’janova V.Ju., Semiljutina N.G., Tiunov O.I. Mezhdunarodno-pravovye aspekty realizacii interesov Rossijskoj Federacii v svjazi s formirovaniem Edinogo jekonomicheskogo prostranstva. M.: IZISP, 2012.

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7. Luk’janova V.Ju. Tehnicheskij reglament v sisteme rossijskogo zakonodatel’stva: Monografija. IZ-iSP, KONTRAKT, 2017.

8. Luk’janova V.Ju., Pavlushkin A.V., Novye juridicheskie tehnologii v gosudarstvah-uchastnikah Evrazijskogo jekonomicheskogo sojuza // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakonodatel’stva i sravnitel’nogo pravovedenija. 2019. # 5 (44). S. 49-64.

9. Pchelkin A.V. Kodifikacija norm o tehnicheskom regulirovanii v ramkah Dogovora o Evrazijskom jekonomicheskom sojuze // Vestnik Nizhegorodskoj akademii MVD Rossii. 2014. # 3 (27).

10. Habrieva T.Ja., Garmonizacija pravovoj sistemy Rossijskoj Federacii v uslovijah mezhdunarodnoj integracii: vyzovy sovremennosti // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakonodatel’stva i sravnitel’nogo pravovedenija. 2014. # 1 (44). S. 4-15.

11. Reshenie Kollegii Evrazijskoj jekonomicheskoj komissii ot 25 dekabrja 2012 g. # 293 «O edinyh formah sertifikata sootvetstvija i deklaracii o sootvetstvii trebovanijam tehnicheskih reglamentov Evrazijskogo jekonomicheskogo sojuza i pravilah ih oformlenija» // SPS Konsul’tantPljus.

12. Reshenie Soveta Evrazijskoj jekonomicheskoj komissii ot 18 aprelja 2018 g. # 44 «O tipovyh shemah ocenki sootvetstvija» // SPS Konsul’tantPljus.

13. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63070.

14. Dogovor o Evrazijskom jekonomicheskom sojuze ot 29 maja 2014 goda. Evrazijskaja jekonomicheskaja komissija, M., 2016. 680 c.

15. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: http://www.eurasiancommission.org/ru/covid-19/Pages/measures.aspx.

16. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: https://minpromtorg.gov.ru/common/upload/files/docs/Razyasneniya_po_situatsii_s_koronavirusom.pdf

17. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4298981.

18. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: http://eec.eaeunion.org/ru/Documents/EEC_booklet_Tehreg.pdf.

Despite external challenges, the European Union is interested in joint work with the Russian Federation in the field of political, social and economic policy throughout the world. Both sides need to work together to tackle the new threat. These threats primarily include illegal migration and refugees.

Keywords: European Union, Russian Federation, illegal migration, refugees, asylum, cooperation.

1. «Dorozhnaja karta» po obshhemu prostranstvu svobody, bezopasnosti i pravosudija. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.kremlin.ru/supplement/3588 (data obrashhenija: 19.02.2021).

2. Soglashenie mezhdu Rossijskoj Federacii i Evropejskim Soobshhestvom o readmissii. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/902035042 (data obrashhenija: 19.02.2021).

3. Soglashenie o partnerstve i sotrudnichestve mezhdu ES i Rossiej 1994 goda. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://eulaw.edu.ru/spisok-dokumentov-popravu-

evropejskogo-soyuza/soglashenie-o-partnerstve-isotrudnichestve-mezhdu-es-i-rossiej-1994-g/ (data obrashhenija: 19.02.2021).

4. Kalinichenko P.A. Evropejskij Sojuz: pravo i otnoshenija s Rossiej: monografija. – M.: Norma:INFRA-M,2012. – 272 s.

5. Ryzhkov V.A. Otnoshenija Rossii i ES: tekushhij krizis i vozmozhnosti realizacii // Sovremennaja Evropa. – 2019. – # 3.

6. Chetverikov A.O. Migracionnoe pravo Evropejskogo Sojuza: uchebnik / otv. red. S.Ju. Kashkin. – M.: Prospekt, 2018. – 368 s.

In the article, the authors examine some aspects of using the policy of «soft power» in international relations and the influence of mass communications on the image of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s citizens that is built in the Republic of Korea in particular.

Keywords: soft power, international relations, media, mass communications, cinematography, video.

1. Escaping from North Korea in search of freedom // One Young World. [Electronic resource]. – Access mode:https://youtu.be/ufhKWfPSQOw (date of the request:25.02.21).

2. Gorbachev S. B. The problem of state sovereignty in the modern world // Eurasian legal journal. – 2020. – # 1 (140).- P. 471 – 473.

3. Kashaev N. Kh., Rakhmatullin R. T. UNESCO’s activities to preserve linguistic diversity in the context of globalization.// Collection of materials of the International scientificpractical conference «Modern world and law: 75 years of the United Nations». – Ufa: editorial and publishing division of the BashSU, 2020. – P. 269 – 276.

4. Min S. K., Jeon W. T., Kim D. K. Quality of life of North Korean defectors in South Korea // Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. – 2006. – # 3. – P. 270.

5. Nye J. S. Soft power: The means to success in world politics. – Public affairs, 2004. – P. 191.

6. Shonin N. E. Information war as a threat to sustainable development // Legal support for the development of a social state in the light of sustainable development goals:collection of materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference (Ufa, November 12-13, 2018): in 2 parts, Part 2 / Ed. R. V. Nigmatullin. – Ufa: editorial and publishing division of the BashSU, 2018. – P. 147 – 152.

7. South Korean Youths’ Perceptions of North Korea and Unification // The Asian Institute for Policy Studies. [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://en.asaninst.org/contents/43527/ (date of the request: 25.02.21).

8. 탈북여성 박연미의 눈물의 호소 // Naver Blog. [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://blog.naver.com/joho_park/220207064751 (date of the request: 21.02.21).

Despite the long history of the development of the institution of diplomatic asylum, the issue of its legal nature and grounds is still controversial. The article considers the criteria of diplomatic asylum, i.e., the basic legal grounds to which states should pay attention to decide whether to grant asylum to a person. The paper also deals with the main exception of the analysed topic – asylum in humanitarian purposes.

Keywords: asylum, diplomatic asylum, refugee, regional custom, refoulement.

1. Ibragimova A. Problemy funkcionirovanija instituta diplomaticheskogo ubezhishha v sovremennom mire // Vestnik molodyh uchjonyh-mezhdunarodnikov. – 2017. – # 2 (2).

2. Klinton H. Tjazhjolye vremena [per. s angl. K. A. Movchan]. – M.: Jeksmo, 2016.

3. Mezhdunarodnoe pravo. V 2 t. T. 1: uchebnik dlja akademicheskogo bakalavriata / Pod red. A.N. Vylegzhanina. – M.: Izdatel’stvo Jurajt, 2020.

4. Mezhdunarodnoe pravo: uchebnik / B.M. Ashavskij, M.M. Birjukov, V.D. Bordunov i dr.; otv. red. S.A. Egorov. – M.: Statut, 2015.

5. Puhovskij V.I. Pravovye aspekty politicheskogo ubezhishha i uslovija ego predostavlenija // Upravlenie v social’nyh i jekonomicheskih sistemah: materialy HX mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii, g. Minsk, 20 maja 2011 g. / Minskij in-t upravlenija; redkol.: N.V. Susha [i dr.]. – Minsk, 2011.

6. Tunkin G.I. Teorija mezhdunarodnogo prava / Pod obshh. red. prof. L.N. Shestakovoj. – M.: IKD «Zercalo-M», 2020.

7. Eileen Denza, Diplomatic Law: Commentary on the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (Oxford University Press, 4th ed., 2016).

8. Eileen Denza, The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary (A. Zimmermann, F. Machts, J. Dörschner eds., 2011).

9. Felice Morgenstern, Extra-territorial asylum, 25 British Yearbook of International Law (1948).

10. Green Haywood Hackworth, Digest of International Law, Vol. II (U.S. Government Printing Office, 1940).

11. Ian Brownlie, Principles of Public International Law (Oxford University Press, 7th ed., 2008).

12. Kay Hailbronner Monika Pohlmann, Haya de la Torre Cases (Max Planck Encyclopedias of International Law, 2007).

13. Luke T. Lee, John B. Quigley, Consular Law and Practice (Oxford, 3rd ed., 2008).

14. M. Cherif Bassiouni, International Extradition: United States Law and Practice (Oxford, 6th ed., 2014).

15. Malcolm N. Shaw, International Law (Cambridge University Press, 2017).

16. Hugo Grotius, On the Law of War and Peace (Trans. and Abr. A. C. Campbell, 2001).

17. Prakash Shah, Asylum, Diplomatic (Max Planck Encyclopedias of International Law, 2007).

18. Raoul Genet, Traité de diplomatie et de droit diplomatique: Personnel diplomatique. Rang. Honneurs. Préséances. Privilèges et immunités diplomatiques. L’Agent diplomatique, T. 1 (Paris: A. Pedone, 1931).

The author describes approaches of understanding principle of proportionality in law of WTO by scholars. After summarizing the main views of scientists, they can be divided into three groups: those who recognize the existence of proportionality, but who have not decided on its legal nature, supporters and opponents of recognizing proportionality as an established principle of WTO law, the latter consider proportionality to be only an element of the proportionality test. The functions of proportionality are derived as a result of analysis.

In particular, the principle of proportionality is used by the state to find a balance between its own interests and the requirements of the WTO, as well as in the event of a dispute arbitrators assess the measures taken by the state and decide the issue of violation international trade requirements.

Keywords: principle of proportionality, balancing, necessity test, WTO law, dispute resolution, countermeasures, safeguard measures.

1. Bazhanov A. A. Problemy realizacii principa sorazmernosti v sudebnoj praktike // Trudy Instituta gosudarstva i prava RAN. – 2018.– # 6. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/problemy-realizatsiiprintsipa-sorazmernosti-v-sudebnoy-praktike (data obrashhenija: 06.10.2020).

2. Peters A. Princip proporcional’nosti kak global’nyj konstitucionnyj princip. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://dpp.mpil.de/07_2018/07_2018_102_126.pdf (data obrashhenija: 20.09.2020).

3. Andenas M. and Zleptnig S. Proportionality: WTO Law:In Comparative Perspective // Texas International Law Journal. – 2007. – Vol. 42. – # 3. – P. 371-427.

4. Franck T. M. On Proportionality of Countermeasures in International Law // American Journal of International Law. – 2008. – Vol. 102. – # 715. – R. 715-767.

5. Hilf M. Power, Rules and Principles – Which Orientation for WTO/ GATT Law? // Journal of International Economic Law. – 2001. – Issue 4. – P. 111-130.

6. Hudec R. E. GATT/WTO Constraints on National Regulation: Requiem for an «Aim and Effects» Test //The International Lawyer. – 1998. – Vol. 32. – # 3. – R.619–649.

7. Leal-Arcas R., Cottier T., Echandi R., Leichti R. Payasova T. The Principle of proportionality in International Law. Research Paper. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.academia.edu/12088709/The_Principle_of_Proportionality_in_International_Law

(data obrashhenija: 20.09.2020).

8. Marceau G. and Trachtman J. The Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement, the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Agreement, and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade // Journal of World Trade. – 2002. – #36(5). – R. 811-881.

9. Mitchell A. D. Proportionality and Remedies in WTO Disputes // The European Journal of International Law.– 2007. – Vol. 17. – # 5. – P. 985-1008.

10. Neumann J. and Türk E. Necessity Revisited:Proportionality in World Trade Organization Law After Korea – Beef, EC – Asbestos and EC – Sardines// Journal of World Trade. – 2003. – Vol. 37. – # 1. – R. 199-233.

11. Smith S. Proportionality in WTO: Requiem or Revival.– [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://www.academia.edu/7599030/Proportionality_in_the_WTO_Requiem_or_Revival (data obrashhenija:20.09.2020).

12. Stone Sweet, A., Sweet, A. S. Proportionality, General Principles of Law, and Investor-State Arbitration: A Response to Jose Alvarez. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2435307(data obrashhenija: 06.02.2021).

13. Sweet, Alec Stone, and Jud Mathews. Proportionality, Judicial Review and Global Constitutionalism // Law and Philosophy Library. 2009. 171-214. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8500-0_9 (data obrashhenija: 20.02.2021).

Author in the article analyses the process of establishing the jurisdiction of specialised dispute settlement bodies between states whose powers are limited by the provisions of international treaties. Based on the dispute of Qatar against Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates on the restrictive measures imposed in 2017, author assesses the legal arguments regarding the establishment of the jurisdiction of the ICAO Council in the light of its broad interpretation by the defendants. Based on the results of the study, author comes to the conclusion that the assessment of the accuracy and validity of the establishment of such jurisdiction by the International Court of Justice may appear as a universal standard for verifying jurisdiction ratione materiae by any specialised dispute resolution body.

Keywords: jurisdiction ratione materiae, international obligations, dispute resolution body, ICAO Council, International Court of Justice.

1. Vylegzhanin A. N., Zinchenko O. I. Jurisdikcija Mezhdunarodnogo suda OON: nekotorye teoreticheskie voprosy // Moskovskij zhurnal mezhdunarodnogo prava. – 2018. – # 4. – S. 6.

2. Andrew D. Mitchell & David Heaton, The Inherent Jurisdiction of WTO Tribunals: The Select Application of Public International Law Required by the Judicial Function, 31 Mich. J. Int’l L. 559, (2010).

3. Anne Peters, International Dispute Settlement: a Network of Cooperation Duties, 14 EJIL 1, (2003).

4. Christine Chinkm & Romana Sadurska, The Anatomy of International Dispute Resolution, 7 J. Dispute Resolution 39, (1991).

5. Jennifer Hillman, Conflicts between Dispute Settlement Mechanisms in Regional Trade Agreements and the WTO – What Should WTO Do, 42 Cornell Int’l L. J. 193, (2009).

6. Marc J. Block, The Benefits of Alternate Dispute Resolution for International Commercial and Intellectual Property Disputes, 44 Rutgers Law Record 1, (2016-2017).

7. Michele Potestà, State-to-State Dispute Settlement Pursuant to Bilateral Investment Treaties in International Courts and the Development of International Law (N. Boschiero et al. eds., T.M.C. Asser Press, 2013).

8. Sean D. Murphy, International Judicial Bodies for Resolving Disputes Between States in Oxford Handbook on International Adjudication (Cesare Romano et al. eds., Oxford University Press, 2013).

The article is devoted to the issues of regionalization in the application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures in the World Trade Organization. It is substantiated that in this issue the WTO took a path that does not imply the development of specific guidelines and criteria for determining various “clean” areas within the territory of the state, leaving the answer to the discretion of the WTO member states. If necessary, the WTO member states can use the criteria adopted by the international organizations, which serve as an example of the application of “soft law” in matters of regionalism concerning sanitary and phytosanitary measures of the WTO.

Keywords: regionalization, WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures.

1. Vel’jaminov G. M. Mezhdunarodnoe pravo: opyty. –M.: Statut, 2015. – 1006 s.

2. Kashirkina A. A., Morozov A. N. Rossija, Evrazijskij jekonomicheskij sojuz i Vsemirnaja torgovaja organizacija: monografija. – M.: IZiSP, INFRA-M, 2014. – 295 s.

3. Nikitin S. I. Organ po razresheniju sporov VTO priznal zapret importa svininy iz ES narusheniem objazatel’stv // Rossijskij vneshnejekonomicheskij vestnik. – 2017. – # 4. – S. 71 – 78.

4. Portanskij A. P. Mirovaja tendencija regionalizma i integracija v SNG // Rossijskij vneshnejekonomicheskij vestnik. – 2011. – # 11. – S. 8 – 9.

5. Pravo VTO: teorija i praktika primenenija / L.P. Anufrieva, V. A. Zhdanov, P. A. Kalinichenko i dr.; pod red. L. P. Anufrievoj. – M.: NORMA, INFRA-M, 2016. – 528 s.

6. Alessandra Arcuri, Lukasz Gruszczynski; Pigs, African swine fever and the principle of regionalization:comments on the Appellate Body report in the Russia– Pigs dispute.

7. Cornelia F. Regionalization within the SPS Agreement after Russia – Pigs (EU) Dispute WT/DS/475: Russian Federation – Measures on the Importation of Live Pigs, Pork and Other Pig Products from the European Union (May 15, 2017) // Legal Issues of Economic Integration, 45:1 (Forthcoming).

8. Gaegoung K., Minjung K. Regulatory Development and Challenges for the Regionalization Provisions in the WTO SPS Agreement and Regional Trade Agreements. March 29, 2019 // Asian Journal of WTO & International Health Law and Policy. – Vol. 14. – No. 1. – Rp. 147-178, March 2019.

9. Loppacher L. J. et al., The Debate on Improving Implementation of the Regionalization Chapter of the SPS Agreement: Real Problems or Disguised Protectionism, 41(4) J. WORLD TRADE 667 (2007).

10. Zang M. Q. When the Multilateral Meets the Regionals: Regional Trade Agreements at WTO Dispute Settlement Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 May 2018. – Rp. 33-61.

The article provides an overview of the structure of the aviation industry of the People’s Republic of China, the key companies included in this cluster. Specific materials are presented on China’s military-technical cooperation with Latin American countries, such as Venezuela, Brazil, Mexico and Argentina.

Keywords: military-technical cooperation, China, Latin America, export, aircraft, industry.

1. Birjukova Majja. Kitajskij flot stal krupnejshim v mire // RG. 23.05.2019.

2. V Braziliju dostavili pervyj istrebitel’ F-39 «Gripen E». Mil.press. 23.12.2020.

3. Kashin Vasilij. Strukturnaja reforma kitajskogo aviaproma v 2008-2012 gg. // Kitaj v mirovoj i regional’noj politike. Istorija i sovremennost’. 2012.

4. Linnik S. Jeksport kitajskij ZRK srednej i bol’shoj dal’nosti i ih konkurencija s rossijskimi protivovozdushnymi sistemami // Voennoe obozrenie. 19.09.2020.

5. Polonchuk Ruslan. Voenno-grazhdanskaja integracija v Kitajskoj Narodnoj Respublike // Novyj oboronnyj zakaz. Strategii. 2020. # 4 (63).

6. Hodarenok Mihail. Appetity rastut: kuda Kitaj mozhet proecirovat’ voennuju silu // Gazeta.ru. 16.04.2020.

7. Bareira V. Brazil logs USD3.6 billion in defence and security exports in 2019. Jane’s 360. 11.01.2021.

8. Craig Hole. Latin American combat aircraft inventory has limited scope to grow. Flightglobal. 24.12.2020.

9. Forrest Brett. Chinese arms industry ranks second behind US // The Wall Street journal. 07.12.2020.

10. Hernandez E. Venezuela recibe radares chinos de largo alcance. Infodefensa. 27.12.2019.

11. How is China modernizing its NAVY // SSIS. 25.08.2020.

12. Ilkhan Bekir. China’s evolving military doctrine // Analiticheskij doklad tureckogo pravitel’stvennogo centra SETA, # 59. 12.2020.

13. Manolache Alexandra. Press-reliz otcheta SIPRI. 2020. C. 2.

14. Military Aircraft market to eyewitness massive growth by 2020-2026 // The Daily Philadelphian.13.11.2020.

15. Yeoh Mike. China’s industry reaps the benefits of political connections // Defence news. 17.12.2020.

16. Bonilla H. Brasil vuelve a licitar un sistema de Defensa Aérea de medio alcance. Defensa. 08.01.2021.

17. García N. Esenergy vende al Gore de Valparaiso dos drones de vigilancia DJI para la PDI de Chile. Infodefensa. 23.12.2020.

18. Hernandez E. La Armada de Venezuela dota a sus unidades de drones DJI Mavic Air. Infodefensa.19.06.2020.

19. Hernandez E. La Armada de Venezuela Realiza el mantinimiento mayor a un AB-212ASW. Infodefensa. 20.05.2020.

20. Larre A. El Ejercito Argentino recibe 4 helicopteros, 36 drones, 124 vehiculos, armas y radios. Infodefensa. 04.12.2020.

21. Brasil lidera importações de armas na América do Sul. DEFESANET. 11.03.2020.

22. Horizonte B., Kaifa R. Brasil planeja investir 20 bilhões de dólares em Defesa durante 2021. Infodefensa. 14.10.2020.

23. Pujol diz que Exército não tem recursos para garantir soberania do País. Defesanet. 16.11.2020.

24. 中__________國展示了其航母未來戰鬥機的形象. SINA. 19.12.2019.

25. 劉皇宗.中國第一架艦載無人直升機首飛 // Global Times. 03.12.2020

This article contains a study on the problems that, to one degree or another, impede the stable development of the general theory of state and law in the form of the main and leading legal science. Most of the problem is based on a too narrow understanding of the subject composition of science of the theory of state and law, as well as a lack of a single methodological factor of cognition, one should take into account the lack of certainty in the scientific criteria of cognition. The objectives of this article in this study is to build the most effective solution to the modernization of science of the theory of state and law.

Keywords: theory of state and law, industry, philosophy, jurisprudence, industry, law, legal ideology, legal category, lawyer, outlook, applied science, cross-industry science

1. Tjumeneva N. V. Sovremennye problemy razvitija obshhej teorii gosudarstva i prava // Jepoha nauki. 2017. # 10.

2. Bajtin M. I. Sushhnost’ prava (Sovremennoe normativnoe pravoponimanie na grani dvuh vekov). M., 2005.

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4. Gerasimova N. P. Istoriko-pravovoj vzgljad na problemy pravoponimanija v juridicheskoj nauke i vlijanie processa globalizacii na pravo // Vestnik JuUrGU. Serija: Pravo. 2017.

5. Marchenko M. N. O sootnoshenii obshhej teorii gosudarstva i prava i teorii gosudarstva i prava rossii // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Serija 11. Pravo. 2019. # 1.

6. Aktemirova D. K., Ambarcumjan V. A. Teorija gosudarstva i prava // Evrazijskij nauchnyj zhurnal. 2017. # 1.

7. Tanskaja V. V., Savvateeva V. V. Ideologicheskaja funkcija prava v teorii gosudarstva i prava // Bjulleten’ nauki i praktiki. 2020. # 2.

8. Zaloilo M.V. Aktual’nye problemy teorii gosudarstva i prava // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. 2015. # 4.

The article deals with the problems of the Constitution of the Russian Federation’s amendments as a part of the legislative improvement having as its purpose the maintaining the spiritual security of Russian society. The article considers the concept, purpose, tasks and elements of spiritual security, identifies internal and external threats to the spiritual security of Russian society, and suggests ways to overcome them. Internal threats to spiritual security include: destruction of traditions, mass culture focused on American and Western ideals; lack of ideological unity, disunity, depatriotization, Westernization (Americanization) of culture, socio-cultural division, devaluation of traditional family values, atomization of society. The article notes that the internal threats to the spiritual security of Russia are largely related to the liberal reforms of the 1990s of the 20th century. As a result of these reforms, there was an expansion of Western cultural values, and Russian society abandoned its traditional, spiritual and cultural values. The question of spiritual security cannot be considered in isolation from the state (national) ideology. At the same time, in the works of a number of researchers of the processes taking place in modern Russian society, the idea of the absence of a national idea in Russia is consolidated! Confirmation can be seen in the practice of protest actions observed in the country, as well as in the absence of a convincing official position of the state on this issue. Why is it so important to have a general line in the country’s ideology? Because the state (national) ideology as a system of values and meanings should be formed in the context of spiritual security. Globalization poses an external threat to spiritual security. The preservation of Russia’s cultural identity in the context of globalization is a crucial factor in ensuring spiritual security. Today it is also fundamental that the most important part of spiritual and national security in general is information security. It is also fundamental at the present stage of the development of society that the most important part of the spiritual and national security of society in general is information security. In the context of rapidly developing information technologies, which promote, among other things, the unhindered and uncontrolled dissemination of any information, as well as the formation of protest moods, information security issues come to the fore. At the end of December 2020, the State Duma of the Russian Federation adopted in the third and final reading a series of amendments to the legislation aimed at increasing the responsibility of information policy subjects, including in terms of sanctions against foreign Internet platforms and social networks that allow censorship against Russian publications and broadcasters; sanctions for refusing to remove information from websites; on the recognition as “foreign agents” of individuals engaged in policies “addressed to another state”; on criminal liability for “foreign agents”. Laws have been passed prohibiting the receipt of funds for rallies and demonstrations in Russia from abroad, from anonymous sources, “foreign agents” and minors; on criminal penalties for blocking transport and pedestrians; on criminal penalties for defamation on the Internet.

Methodological basis: dialectical, historical and systematic methods.

Conclusions: Currently, the Russian state is making efforts to revive traditional values and stop the destruction of the moral, spiritual and cultural foundations of Russian society. This goal is served by many amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, adopted at the All-Russian vote on July 1, 2020, and further improvement of legislation taking into account modern challenges and trends.

Keywords: the spiritual security, amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, traditions, conservatism, liberalism, globalization.

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10. Lipskaja L.A. Duhovno-nravstvennaja jevoljucija rossijskogo obshhestva // Vestnik Cheljabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2015. # 19 (374). S. 132-138.

11. Narochnickaja N.A. Sovremennaja Rossija: pravoslavie i liberalizm // Obnovlenie Rossii: trudnyj poisk reshenij. Vypusk 4. M., 1996. S. 143-159.

12. Papajani F.A. Obyknovennyj liberalizm i ego grani // Zhurnal istoricheskih, politologicheskih i mezhdunarodnyh issledovanij. 2017. # 4 (63). S.112-131.

13. Prokudina N.V. Religioznyj aspekt nacional’noj bezopasnosti sovremennoj Rossii // MAGISTRA VITAE: jelektronnyj zhurnal po istoricheskim naukam i arheologii. 2017. # 1. S. 75-82.

14. Romanovskaja V.B., Sal’nikov M.V., Silant’eva V.A. Duhovnaja bezopasnost’ v sovremennom rossijskom obshhestve: ugrozy i puti preodolenija // Pravovoe gosudarstvo: teorija i praktika. 2019. # 1 (55). S. 52-60.

15. Tregubenko S.V. Religioznye osnovanija pravovoj tradicii v Rossii (istoriko- i teoretiko-pravovoj aspekty): dis. … kand. jurid. nauk: 12.00.01.Sankt-Peterburg, 2005. 159 s.

16. Shhennikova K.Ju. Tradicionnye cennosti kak faktor sohranenija i edinenija sovremennoj Rossii //Vlast’. 2017. # 1. S. 159-164.

17. Shhipkov A.V. Tradicija i modernizacija: dialektika ponjatij // Biznes v zakone. 2014. # 6. S. 249-250.

18. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/51263.

This article analyzes the development of opportunities and limitations in the area of information relations. The author substantiates the idea that expanding the range of opportunities for citizens should be balanced by establishing reasonable legal restrictions. The author examines changes in the current legislation and argues for a number of conclusions. He argues that the authorities in the Russian Federation are making certain efforts aimed at achieving a balance of the rights and freedoms of all participants in information relations, but at the moment they cannot be called systemic. This reason indicates the need to strengthen legislative activity aimed at the further development of legal regulation in this area.

Keywords: information relations, information opportunities, legal limitations, subjects of information relations, balance of rights and freedoms of subjects of information relations.

1. Gurevich P. S. Zakonomernosti i social’nye perspektivy nauchno-tehnicheskogo progressa // Novaja tehnokraticheskaja volna na Zapade, 1986. – S. 3-31.

2. Kostin G. A., Kulishkin V. A., Markov S. V., Panin S.N. Informacionnaja bezopasnost’ i zashhita informacii. – SPb.: Izdatel’stvo Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta upravlenija i jekonomiki, 2011. – 300 s.

3. Kul’kin A. M. Perspektivy i riski razvitija tehnologij v XXI veke // Rossija i sovremennyj mir. –2012. – # 4. – S. 171-186.

4. Savel’ev A. I. Kommentarij k Federal’nomu zakonu ot 27 ijulja 2006 g. # 149-FZ «Ob informacii, informacionnyh tehnologijah i zashhite informacii» (postatejnyj). – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. Dostup iz SPS «Konsul’tantPljus» (data obrashhenija:02.02.2021).

5. Tarhov V. A. Grazhdanskoe pravo. – Cheboksary: Chuvashskoe knizhnoe izdatel’stvo, 1997. – 426 s.

The article is devoted to the definition of the concept “law order”. Various aspects of the legal order were identified: moral, value, normative; the link between the level of legal culture and the law order was revealed. The purpose of the research is to identify the essence of the law order. The realization of the right and enforcement lead to the attainment of the legal order, since they are the means of its implementation. The implementation of legal acts regulates the behavior of people, contributes to ensuring the law order. The research is structured knowledge about the legal order and legality as a result of regulating legal relations.

Keywords: legal order, legitimacy, legal relations, realization of the right, enforcement, coercion, social relations.

1. Alekseev S. S. Obshhaja teorija prava. Kurs v 2 tomah.– T. 1. – M.: Jurid. lit., 1981. – 361 s.

2. Alekseev S. Teorija prava. 2-e izd. pererab. i dop. –M.: BEK, 1995. – 311 s.

3. Belousov S. A., Sumenkov S. Ju. Iskljuchenija v prave kak vozmozhnost’ dostizhenija balansa libo obretenija disbalansa: obshheteoreticheskij aspekt // Juridicheskaja nauka i praktika: Vestnik Nizhegorodskoj akademii MVD Rossii. – 2018. – # 3 (43). – S. 45-50.

4. Borisov V. V. Pravovoj porjadok // Obshhaja teorija gosudarstva i prava. Akademicheskij kurs v treh tomah/ otv. red. M. N. Marchenko. – 3-e izd., pererab. i dop.– T. 3. – M.: Norma, 2007. – 712 s.

5. Vissarov A. A. Pravoporjadok i sub”ekty ego obespechenija: teoretiko-pravovoj aspekt: avtoref. dis.… kand. jurid. nauk. – M., 2003. – 22 s.

6. Klimenko A. I. Pravoporjadok pozdnego kapitalisticheskogo obshhestva: ideologija i kritika // Pravoporjadok: jelementy obshhej teorii / Pod obshhej redakciej M. A. Beljaeva, V. V. Denisenko, A. I. Klimenko. – M.: Prospekt, 2020. – 207 s.

7. Lazarev V. V. Primenenie sovetskogo prava. – Kazan’: Izd-vo Kazanskogo universiteta, 1972. –200 s.

8. Nazarov P. S. Pravoporjadok v uslovijah formirovanija pravovogo gosudarstva: avtoref. dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. – Saratov, 2005. – 26 s.

9. Sauljak O. P. Sushhnost’ pravoporjadka: teoretiko-metodologicheskoe issledovanie: avtoref. dis. …d-ra jurid. nauk. – M., 2010. – 53 s.

10. Kelsen H. Der Begriff der Rechtsordnung // Logique et Analyse. – 1958. – # 1 (3). – P. 150-167.

Within the framework of this article, the legal features of the regulation of certain sectors of the economy of the EAEU member States, primarily the energy market and the market of telecommunications services, are considered. It is noted that the special regulations are designed as protocol annexes to the Treaty on the Establishment of the EAEU. It is assumed that as the regulation of certain sectors of the economy is formalized by the special international treaties of the Union that have entered into force, the existing protocols will cease to be in force.

Keywords: Eurasian Economic Union, integration, economy, sector, legal regulation.

1. Davydov V. M. Nuzhny li rynku izmenenija v normativnoj pravovoj baze EAJeS v chasti markirovki //Standarty i kachestvo. – 2020. – # 4. – S. 40-41.

2. Dogovor o Evrazijskom jekonomicheskom sojuze (Podpisan v g. Astane 29.05.2014) (red. ot 01.10.2019) // Oficial’nyj internet-portal pravovoj informacii.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: www.pravo.gov.ru (data obrashhenija: 16.01.2015).

3. Kichenina V. S. Pravovoe regulirovanie peremeshhenija cherez tamozhennuju granicu EAJeS produkcii vysokih tehnologij // Mezhdunarodnoe publichnoe i chastnoe pravo. – 2020. – # 3. – S. 9-12.

4. Malikova A. H. Vlijanie pandemii na aktual’nost’ popravki o mezhdunarodnyh normah v Konstituciju Rossijskoj Federacii // Mezhdunarodnaja i mezhregional’naja integracija v uslovijah pandemii: jekonomicheskie, sociokul’turnye i pravovye problemy:sbornik nauchnyh statej Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj onlajn-konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem, 25 ijunja 2020 goda / redkollegija: S. I. Ashmarina, A. V. Pavlova (otvetstvennye redaktory) [i dr.]; Samarskij gosudarstvennyj jekonomicheskij

universitet. – Samara: Izd-vo SGJeU, 2020. – 555 s.

5. Tihonov S. Razrabotan proekt plana garmonizacii zakonov stran EAJeS v neftjanoj sfere // Rossijskaja gazeta. – # 25. – 28.08.2020.

6. Shmeleva E. V EAJeS pojavitsja obshhij rynok jenergoresursov: Kilovatt bez bar’erov // Rossijskaja gazeta.– # 14 (993). – 14.04.2015.

The article discusses the issue of the applicability of the concept of machine-readable law to the existing Russian legal system from the point of view of its overall efficiency and the availability of various options for application. Both the pros and cons of introducing machine-readable law into the legal system of Russia are noted. A conclusion is made about the special nature of future machinereadable norms of law, the following features of a machine-readable norm are derived: definitive or procedural nature, formal definiteness in terms, imperativeness in application.

Keywords: legal regulation, norms of law, machine-readable law, automation, digitalization, principles of law.

1. Vashkevich A. M. Avtomatizacija prava: pravo kak jelektrichestvo. – M.: Simploer, 2019. – 256 c.

2. Sinenko V. S. Sovershenstvovanie pravovyh processov v uslovijah realizacii programmy «Cifrovaja jekonomika Rossijskoj Federacii» // Gosudarstvo sozidajushhee: pravovye resursy formirovanija: materialy mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf., posvjashh.25-letiju juridich. in-ta NIU «BelGU», Belgorod, 22 nojab. 2018 g. / NIU BelGU; otv. red.: E. E. Tonkov, M. V. Marhgejm, A. E. Novikova. – Belgorod, 2018. –S. 174-178

This article deals with the formation of Russian state’s sociopolitical basis in the person of dvoryanstvo (the Russian nobility). From the model of interaction between feudal lords and the state power during the 16th-17thcc. derives the fact of an inevitable motivation loss for development in the society. The state of instability, which acts as an inherent part of Russian statehood, is revealed through the category of sociocultural split of the society generated by the established autocratic practice of unlimited state violence.

Keywords: autocracy, dvoryanstvo, legitimacy, Zemsky Sobor, political culture, modernization, militarism

1. Ahiezer A. S. Rossija: kritika istoricheskogo opyta. V 2 t. – T. 1. – Novosibirsk: Sibirskij hronograf, 1997. – 804 s.

2. Berman G. Dzh. Zapadnaja tradicija prava: jepoha formirovanija / Per. s angl. – 2-e izd. – M.: Norma, 1998.- 624 s.

3. Veselovskij S. B. K voprosu o proishozhdenii votchinnogo rezhima. – M.: RANIION, 1926. – 131 s.

4. Vtoroe poslanie shvedskomu korolju Iogannu III (1573) // Poslanija Ivana Groznogo. Podg. teksta D.S. Lihachev, Ja. S. Lur’e. Pod red. V. P. Adrinovoj-Peretc. – L., 1951. – S. 336-353.

5. Il’in V. V., Ahiezer A. C. Rossijskaja gosudarstvennost’: istoki, tradicii, perspektivy. – M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1997. – 384 s.

6. Istamgalin R. S. Problemy social’nogo ideala:otricatel’nye i polozhitel’nye sledstvija «vostochnogo» vektora civilizacionnogo vybora moskovskoj Rusi // Vestnik Cheljabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. – 2010. – # 16. – S. 97-103.

7. Istorija Rossii. Teorii izuchenija. Kniga pervaja. S drevnejshih vremen do konca XIX veka. Uchebnoe posobie / Pod. red. B. V. Lichmana. – Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo «SV-96», 2001. – 368 s.

8. Kavelin K. D. Nash umstvennyj stroj. – M.: Pravda, 1989. – 656 s.

9. Logunova L. Ju., Rychkov V. A. Protivorechija istoricheskoj i social’noj pamjati vo vzaimootnoshenijah Cerkvi i gosudarstva // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filosofija. Sociologija. Politologija. – 2017. – # 38. – S. 186-199.

10. Ljapin D. A. Ritualy vlasti: ocherki social’no-politicheskoj istorii Rossii rannego novogo vremeni. – M.: Verstovoj, 2014. – 387 s.

11. Perepiska Ivana Groznogo s Andreem Kurbskim. Podg. teksta Ja. S. Lur’e i Ju. D. Rykova. – M.: Nauka, 1993. – 431 s.

12. Poslanie pol’skomu korolju Stefanu Batoriju (1581) // Poslanija Ivana Groznogo. Podg. teksta D.S. Lihachev, Ja. S. Lur’e. Pod red. V. P. Adrinovoj-Peretc. – L., 1951. – S. 393-418.

13. Shmykova M. L. Izbiratel’naja kampanija 1598 goda i obosnovanie prav Borisa Godunova na prestol //Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta. Serija Istorija i filologija. – 2005. – # 7. – S. 136-145.

From a legal point of view, several international legal acts adopted before the Second World War

and the Great Patriotic War that followed it are of great importance. First of all, these are the Munich agreements of 1938 and the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of 1939, as well as some less significant acts that were adopted before and after the adoption of the submitted documents.

Keywords: World War I, World War II, World War II, standardization of thinking of a specific order, international law, international treaty, League of Nations, Locarno agreements, Anglo-German naval agreement, Munich agreement, Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact.

1. Antonov B.A. Pravovaja sistema Germanii 1933-1945gg.: myshlenie v kategorijah konkretnogo porjadka// Vestnik RGGU. Serija «Jekonomika. Upravlenie. Pravo». – 2019. – # 5. – S. 130.

2. Malygina A.A. Versal’skij dogovor kak veha v istorii diplomatii kontrolja nad vooruzhenijami// Vestnik SPbGU. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija. –2019. – T. 12 (Vyp. 3). – S. 314.

3. Ivanov A.G. Rejnskij krizis 1936 g. // Istoricheskaja i social’no-obrazovatel’naja mysl’. – 2017. – # 5/1(Tom 9). – S. 77.

4. Volkov F.D. Za kulisami Vtoroj mirovoj vojny. –M.: Mysl’, 1985.

5. Djukov A.R. «Pakt Molotova — Ribbentropa» v voprosah i otvetah. – M.: Fond «Istoricheskaja pamjat’», 2009.

6. Lavrenov S.Ja. O politiko-ideologicheskih osnovah planirovanija Germaniej vojny protiv SSSR //Lestnoj vestnik. – 2015. – # 4. – S. 139.

7. Ovsjanyj I. D. 1939: poslednie nedeli mira. – M.: Politizdat, 1981.

8. Ovsjanyj I. D. Tajna, v kotoroj vojna rozhdalas’. –M.: Politizdat, 1975.

The article examines the process of formation and development of the legal status of the Khan of the Golden Horde, his evolution from the governor of the Western ulus of the Mongol Empire, appointed from the center to an independent ruler, who has full power within the borders of his state.

Keywords: Ulus Jochi, kagan, khan, co-ruler, Jochids, label, kurultai, supreme judge

1. Al-Dzhuzdzhani Nasirovy razrjady. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://drevlit.ru/texts/d/djuzjani2.php.

2. Dzhuvejni Ala-ad-Din Ata-Melik. Chingishan: istorija zavoevatelja Mira. M.: Magistr-Press, 2004.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: www.vostlit.info/Texts/rus3/Juweini_3/frametext11.html.

3. Zolotaja Orda v istochnikah. T. 3. Kitajskie i mongol’skie istochniki. M.: Nauka, 2009.

4. Karpini P. Istorija mongalov // Puteshestvija v vostochnye strany Plano Karpini i Rubruka. M., 1957.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://royallib.com/read/del_plano_karpini_dgiovanni/puteshestviya_v_vostochnie_strani_plano_karpini_i_rubruka.html#102400.

5. Lubsan Danzan Altan Tobchi Zolotoe skazanie. M.:Nauka, 1973. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: www.vostlit.info/Texts/Dokumenty/Mongol/Altan_tobci/frametext11.html.

6. Muhamadiev A.G. Bulgaro-tatarskaja monetnaja sistema XII-XV vv. M: Nauka, 1983.

7. Pamjatniki russkogo prava. Vyp.3. / Pod red. L.V. Cherepnina. M.: Gosjurizdat, 1955.

8. Pochekaev R.Ju. Pravovoe polozhenie Ulusa Dzhuchi v Mongol’skoj imperii 1224-1269 gg. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://eurasica.ru/articles/library/pochekaev_ryu_pravovoe_polozhenie_ulusa_dzhuchi_v_mongolskoy_imperii_1224-1269.

9. Rashid ad-Din Sbornik letopisej. Tom 1. Kniga 1. M.-L.: AN SSSR, 1952. [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: www. vostlit.info/Texts/rus16/ Rasidaddin_2/kniga1/frametext2.html.

10. Rashid ad-Din Sbornik letopisej. Tom 2. M.-L.:AN SSSR, 1952. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: www. vostlit.info/Texts/rus16/Rasidaddin_3/frametext3.html.

11. Safargaliev M.G. Raspad Zolotoj Ordy. Saransk:Mordovskoe knizhnoe izdatel’stvo, 1960.

12. Sokrovennoe skazanie mongolov / Per. S.A. Kozina. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://facetia.ru/node/3844.

13. Tizenhauzen V. Sbornik materialov, otnosjashhihsja k istorii Zolotoj Ordy. Izvlechenija iz sochinenij arabskih. SPb., 1884.

14. Trepalov V.V. Gosudarstvennyj stroj Mongol’skoj imperii XIII v.: Problema istoricheskoj preemstvennosti. M.: Nauka. Izdatel’skaja firma «Vostochnaja literatura», 1993.

The author of the article argues that the current modern Russian criminal legislation is a kind of systemic formation, where norms and institutions are characterized by the presence of certain connections and relationships, internal unity and separate institutions. The logical sequence of constructing a system of sections included in the Criminal Code, which is commonly called the structure of the criminal law.

Keywords: development of criminal law in Russia, criminal code, criminal legislation, crime, criminal law, criminal procedure, criminalistics.

1. Komarov A. A. Nravstvenno-religioznye osnovy v realizacii universal’nogo principa dejstvija ugolovnogo zakona v prostranstve // Gosudarstvo, obshhestvo i cerkov’: ukreplenie mezhnacional’nogo i mezhreligioznogo soglasija, razvitie i sovershenstvovanie mehanizmov vzaimodejstvija Materialy Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – 2016. – S. 69.

2. Komarov A. A. O vozmozhnosti primenenija territorial’nogo principa dejstvija ugolovnogo zakona v prostranstve, primenitel’no k prestuplenijam v internet// Juridicheskie issledovanija. – 2016. – # 8. – S. 17.

3. Ovcharenko S. V. Dejstvie ugolovnogo zakona v prostranstve po zakonodatel’stvu Rossii sovetskogo perioda // Integracija nauki i praktiki v kontekste realizacii pravovoj politiki gosudarstva. -2015. – S. 161.

4. Reshnjak M. G. O sovershenstvovanii pravovoj reglamentacii dejstvija ugolovnogo zakona v prostranstve // Trudy Akademii upravlenija MVD Rossii. – 2014. – # 2 (30). – S. 28.

5. Reshnjak M. G. O nekotoryh osobennostjah reglamentacii dejstvija ugolovnogo zakona v prostranstve //Vestnik Mezhdunarodnogo juridicheskogo instituta.- 2014. – # 1 (48). – S. 12.

6. Reshnjak M. G. O nekotoryh aktual’nyh problemah ugolovnogo i ugolovno-processual’nogo zakonodatel’stva, svjazannyh s dejstviem ugolovnogo zakona v prostranstve // Probely v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve. – 2014. – # 1. – S. 242.

The article examines the historical facts testifying to the long-standing attempts of the United States of America to seize the Crimean lands, creating Jewish autonomy on the peninsula.

Keywords: Crimean California, Jewish Soviet Socialist Republic, Jewish Autonomous Region, Crimean ASSR.

1. Shurhalo D. Sholom, krymchane! // Tribuna. Internet-gazeta. 2008. 26 sentjabrja. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://tribuna.com.ua/articles/history/167936.htm (data obrashhenija: 11.12.2020).

2. Konev I. Kak Krym chut’ Izrailem ne stal // Argumenty nedeli. 2013. # 17 (359).

3. Medvedev Zh. Stalin i evrejskaja problema. Novyj analiz. M.: Prava cheloveka, 2003. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://scepsis.net/library/id_1473.html (data obrashhenija: 10.12.2020).

4. Kostyrchenko G.V. Tajnaja politika Stalina. Vlast’ i antisemitizm. M.: Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, 2001.

5. Fedoseev Ju.G. Russkie i evrei. M., AOZT «Kodeks-M», 2001.

6. Kostyrchenko G.V. Tajnaja politika Stalina. Vlast’ i antisemitizm. M.: Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, 2001.

7. Djozhkin G. Krym sdal. Krym prinjal. Koe-chto o prisoedinenii Kryma k Ukraine // Argumenty nedeli. 2014. # 7 (399). 27 fevralja.

8. Chernjak A. Podopleka (Rech’ N.S. Hrushhjova o kul’te lichnosti I.V. Stalina. Po novym materialam). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.berkovich-zametki.com/Nomer25/Chernjak1.htm (data obrashhenija: 01.11.2020).

9. Pokrovskij A. Krymskaja operacija: kak Rossija obvela vokrug pal’ca SShA i NATO // Novosti Kryma. 2019. 21 marta. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: novosti-kryma.ru-an.info/novosti/krymskaja-operacija-kak-rossija-obvela-vokrug-pal’ca-ssha-i-nato/ (data obrashhenija: 12.12.2020).

The relevance of this topic is caused by the fact that one of the main tasks of local self-government bodies is to replenish the local budget, which can be used to solve many issues of local significance. The current lack of an effective mechanism that would oblige citizens to pass the procedure of state registration of ownership of real estate that actually belongs to them within a strictly defined period leads to a decrease in tax revenues. According to the author, such tax evasion and the lack of clear legislative regulation in this matter undermines the financial basis of local self-government. The article analyzes some provisions of the legislation on property,

registration of real estate, replenishment of the local budget, as well as ways to identify unregistered real estate of citizens and prevent their further tax evasion. The key reasons for citizens’ evasion from registering real estate that is in their actual ownership are identified and a comprehensive approach to solving the identified problems is defined. Studying the problems of replenishment of the municipal budget when citizens evade registration of real estate that is in their actual ownership will further contribute to more effective replenishment of the local budget.

Keywords: state registration, real estate objects, payment of taxes, local taxes, administrative responsibility.

1. Grazhdanskij kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii (chast’ pervaja) ot 30.11.1994 # 51-FZ (red. ot 08.12.2020) //SZ RF. – 1994. – # 32. – St. 3301.

2. Nalogovyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii (chast’ vtoraja) ot 05.08.2000 # 117-FZ (red. 29.12.2020) // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 07.08.2000. – # 32. –St. 3340.

3. Postanovlenie Gosudarstvennoj Dumy Federal’nogo Sobranija RF ot 22 oktjabrja 2019 g. # 6975-7 GD «O proekte federal’nogo zakona # 608038-7 «O vnesenii izmenenija v Federal’nyj zakon «O gosudarstvennoj registracii nedvizhimosti».

4. Zakljuchenie Komiteta Gosudarstvennoj Dumy Federal’nogo Sobranija RF po gosudarstvennomu stroitel’stvu i zakonodatel’stvu na proekt federal’nogo zakona # 608038-7 «O vnesenii izmenenija v Federal’nyj zakon «O gosudarstvennoj registracii nedvizhimosti» (v chasti ustanovlenija sroka osushhestvlenija gosudarstvennoj registracii prav na nedvizhimost’) vnesen Samarskoj Gubernskoj Dumoj.

5. Batashev R. V., Idrisov Ju. H. Tendencii i faktory postuplenija nalogov s nedvizhimosti fizicheskih lic v mestnye bjudzhety. – Tekst: jelektronnyj //Jekonomika i biznes: teorija i praktika. – 2019. – #11-1 (57). – S. 34-39 // NJeB eLIBRARY.

6. Ivankina E. V. [i dr.]. Zarubezhnyj opyt nalogooblozhenija nedvizhimosti i vozmozhnost’ ego primenenija dlja differenciacii stavok nalogooblozhenija v Rossii. Jelektronnyj resurs] / E. V. Ivankina, A. Je. Boronina, S. L. Kuprijanov. – 58 s. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: ftp://w82.ranepa.ru/rnp/wpaper/1651.pdf (data obrashhenija: 02.02.2021).

7. Tkacheva T. Ju. Bjudzhetno-nalogovye mehanizmy ustojchivogo razvitija regionov: teorija i metodologija: dis. … d-ra jekon. nauk: 08.00.10. – M., 2019. – 377 s.

8. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://mosreg.ru/sobytiya/novosti/organy/

glavnoe-upravlenie-gosudarstvennogo-stroiteln/glavgosstroinadzor-vyyavlyaet-obekty-samovolnogostroitelstva-s-pomoshyu-kvadrokopterov (data obrashhenija: 24.01.2021).

9. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3455062 (data obrashhenija:10.01.2021).

Restrictions on the political rights of citizens in the activities of internal affairs bodies are of a dual nature – on the one hand, the internal affairs bodies are called upon to guarantee the entire range of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, treat them with respect, on the other hand, the exercise of political rights by some citizens can restrict the rights of other citizens, create in certain cases a threat to public order and even national security.

Keywords: political rights of citizens, limitation of constitutional rights, limitation of political rights, internal affairs bodies, Kyrgyz Republic.

1. Berdnikov N. V., Egorov S. A. Konstitucionnye garantii politicheskih prav i svobod cheloveka i grazhdanina i ih realizacija v sovremennoj Rossii// Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal konstitucionnogo i gosudarstvennogo prava. 2017. T. 3. # 3. S. 94-96.

2. Voronin S. A., Nikitin E. N. Jevoljucija politicheskih prav grazhdan Rossijskoj Federacii // Azimut nauchnyh issledovanij: jekonomika i upravlenie. 2016. T. 5. # 2 (15).

3. Gavrilov R. A. K voprosu o principe zakonnosti konstitucionno-pravovogo ogranichenija politicheskih prav i svobod grazhdan pri provedenii publichnyh meroprijatij // Sovremennyj uchenyj. 2019. # 3. S. 266-271.

4. Goncharov V. V., Shalin V. V. Rol’ i mesto konstitucionno-pravovyh garantij v mehanizme realizacii prava grazhdan Rossijskoj Federacii na obshhestvennyj kontrol’ // Pravo i politika. 2018. # 11.

5. Kolosova N. M. Prjamoe dejstvie Konstitucii Rossijskoj Federacii i ogranichenie konstitucionnyh prav i svobod cheloveka i grazhdanina v kontekste sudebnoj praktiki // Zhurnal rossijskogo prava. 2019. # 8.

6. Mamoshin V. I. Problema zashhity politicheskih prav i svobod v Rossii // Otechestvennaja jurisprudencija. 2017. # 2 (16).

7. Hazov E. N., Hazova V. E. Juridicheskie garantii prav i svobod cheloveka i grazhdanina i mehanizm ih realizacii // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii. 2017. # 5.

8. Hozieva M. M. Politicheskie prava i svobody i ih mesto v sisteme konstitucionnyh prav i svobod cheloveka i grazhdanina // Nauchnyj al’manah. 2018. #5-1. S. 238-244.

9. Shahmuratova R. A., Kuznecov I. A. Formal’nye osnovanija ogranichenija konstitucionnyh prav i svobod cheloveka i grazhdanina // Modern Science. 2019.# 5-4. S. 306-308.

According to news agencies, more than 3,000 people were detained during mass and mostly peaceful public rallies held in Russia in January 2021. Such a rigid position of the state in relation to public events leads to the growth of public discontent, which can take negative outlines in the form of mass riots or lead to the opposite effect – a decrease in the level of civic activity. Thecombinationof thesecircumstancesledtheauthortothegoalunderlyingthisstudy: minimizing these risks of the Russian legal system, identifying the problems of domestic laws within a given topic and developing ways of solving them.

In order to achieve the goal, the following objectives are being met: to study the existing laws of the Russian Federation and the positions of the European Court of Human Rights, to set limits on measures to limit public events and to be responsible for noncompliance with the legal requirements of their organization.

Research methods: methods of theoretical cognition: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, a set of dialectical and systemic methods.

The result of the study: The tasks set at the beginning of the study were successfully solved: the problems of Russian laws in the sphere of citizens’ implementation of the right to assembly, rallies, demonstrations, marches and picketing were revealed; solutions to identified problems have been proposed.

Keywords: democracy, rights, assemblies, rallies, demonstrations, marches, picketing.

1. Avak’jan S.A. Svoboda obshhestvennogo mnenija i konstitucionno-pravovye garantii ejo osushhestvlenija// Konstitucionnoe i municipal’noe pravo. 2013.# 1 S. 12-21.

2. Doklad Upolnomochennogo po pravam cheloveka v Rossijskoj Federacii za 2012 god // Ros. gaz. 2013. 29 marta.

3. Konevskaja O.Ju. Pravo grazhdan na mirnye sobranija: problemy realizacii // Gosudarstvennaja vlast’ i mestnoe samoupravlenie. 2011. # 6. S. 3-6.

4. Sobjanina K.N. Svoboda sobranij, mitingov, shestvij i demonstracij: problemy zakonodatel’nogo regulirovanija i ogranichenija // Molodoj uchjonyj. 2017. # 13 S. 479-481.

5. Shutrina E.S. Novye pravila organizacii i provedenija publichnyh meroprijatij: chto skazhet Konstitucionnyj Sud Rossijskoj Federacii? // Municipal’noe pravo. 2012. # 3. S. 2-11.

The article, in the context of general legal and intersectoral constitutional principles, reveals the main ways to ensure the implementation of the principle of the unity of judicial practice in the activities of constitutional and statutory courts based on the direct application of the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, general legal and intersectoral constitutional principles, legal positions, constitutional (charter) courts.

1. Postanovlenie Konstitucionnogo Suda Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija ot 17 dekabrja 2018 goda # #-P «Po delu o proverke konstitucionnosti chasti 3 stat’i 3 zakona Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija ot 29 dekabrja 2006 goda # 69-RZ «O vyborah deputatov Parlamenta Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija», podpunkta 1 i abzaca 1 punkta 4 stat’i 1 zakona Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija ot 9 janvarja 2017 goda # 1-RZ 2 «O vnesenii izmenenij v Zakon Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija «O vyborah deputatov Parlamenta Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija» v svjazi s zaprosom B. R. Aslamurzaevoj i S. E. Batyrova». – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http: //www.ksrso.ru.

2. Postanovlenie Konstitucionnogo Suda Respubliki Dagestan ot 18 nojabrja 2019 goda # 2-P «Po delu o proverke konstitucionnosti stat’i 1 Zakona respubliki Dagestan ot 27 dekabrja 2012 goda 3 98 2 o nekotoryh voprosah provedenija publichnyh meroprijatij na territorii Respubliki Dagestan» v svjazi s zhaloboj grazhdan A. A. Magomedova i I. G. Jusupova // Dagestanskaja pravda. – 26 nojabrja 2019. – # 318.

3. Postanovlenie Konstitucionnogo Suda Respubliki Ingushetija ot 26 maja 2917 goda # 15-P «Po delu o proverke konstitucionnosti Postanovlenija Pravitel’stva Respubliki Ingushetija ot 15 dekabrja 2003 goda # 397 «O gosudarstvennom uchete i registracii normativnyh pravovyh aktov ispolnitel’nyh organov gosudarstvennoj vlasti respubliki Ingushetija» po zaprosu Upolnomochennogo po pravam cheloveka v Respublike Ingushetija».– [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http: //www.ks-ri.ru. Postanovlenie # 15-P ot 26.05.2017 g. Po delu o proverke konstitucionnosti Postanovlenija Pravitel’stva Respubliki Ingushetija ot 26 maja…

4. Postanovlenie Konstitucionnogo Suda Respubliki Komi ot 2 ijulja 2020 goda «Po delu o proverke konstitucionnosti polozhenij abzaca 2 chasti 1 stat’i 4 Zakona Respubliki Komi ot 12 nojabrja 2004 goda # 57-Rz «O gosudarstvennyh garantijah v Respublike Komi sem’jam, imejushhim detej» po zaprosu deputatov Gosudarstvennogo Soveta Respubliki Komi E. V. D”jachenko, O. A. Mihajlova i G. Ju. Nagaevoj // Vedomosti normativnyh aktov organov gosudarstvennoj vlasti respubliki Komi. – 2020. – #11. – St. 178.

5. Postanovlenie Konstitucionnogo Suda Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija ot 14 sentjabrja 2016 goda # 3-P «Po delu o proverke konstitucionnosti punkta 2 Pravil obespechenija zhil’em grazhdan, postradavshih v rezul’tate terroristicheskogo akta v g. Beslane 1-3 sentjabrja 2004 goda, utverzhdennogo postanovleniem Pravitel’stva Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija ot 2 marta 2012 goda # 629 «O merah po obespecheniju zhil’em grazhdan, postradavshih v rezul’tate terroristicheskogo akta v g. Beslane 1-3 sentjabrja 2004 goda», v svjazi s zaprosom grazhdanina Cogoeva Kazbeka Ahpolatovicha // Vestnik Konstitucionnogo Suda Respubliki Severnaja Osetija_Alanija. – 2017. – # 13. – S. 31-43.

6. Postanovlenie Konstitucionnogo Suda Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija ot 21 aprelja 2017 goda # 17-P «Po delu o proverke konstitucionnosti abzaca 6 stat’i 13 Zakona Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija ot 30 dekabrja 2005 goda # 48-RzZ «O respublikanskom bjudzhete na 2016god2 po zaprosu Prokurora Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija V. P. Vekshina» // Vestnik Konstitucionnogo Suda Respubliki Severnaja Osetija-Alanija. – 2018. – #14. – S. 5-20.

The issues related to ensuring the rights of the indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation, has always been under scrutiny of the state, which, among other things, is determined by direct consolidation of the respective duties in the Constitution of Russia. At the same time, in the regularly changing socio-economic conditions, new problems arise that pose a threat to the sustainable development of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of our country. This article draws attention to the problems of pension provision for representatives of such peoples in old age. Widespread substitution of employment contracts in the contracts of civil-legal nature leads to that to the moment of reaching the age for insurance old-age pension, indigenous peoples, long time «working» in fact but not in law (i.e., not under an employment contract, and the contract GPC), have very low insurance experience, which significantly reduces the size of pension.

At the same time, the low level of legal literacy of such persons often simply does not allow them to understand the differences and the legal nature of «work» and «performance of a civil contract», which ultimately leads to problems in calculating the amount of an old-age insurance pension.

Keywords: indigenous small-numbered peoples of Russia, the register of indigenous small-numbered peoples, traditional economic management, social security, insurance pension

1. Arutjunjan R.Je. Sudebnaja zashhita konstitucionnogo prava grazhdan na pensionnoe obespechenie. Konstitucionnoe i municipal’noe pravo. – 2014. – # 2. – S. 62-64.

2. Bochkareva E.V., Gerrero Manchaj A. K voprosu o pravovom prosveshhenii korennyh malochislennyh narodov v Rossijskoj Federacii // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. – # 6 (145). – S. 416-419.

3. Vstupil v silu zakon o reestre korennyh malochislennyh narodov Severa // Rossijskaja gazeta. – 2020.- # 103. – S. 3.

4. Slepcov A.N. Malochislennye narody Arktiki:perspektivy ustojchivogo razvitija // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. – # 6 (145). – S. 161-165.

5. Torija R.A. Problemy pravovogo regulirovanija territorij tradicionnogo prirodopol’zovanija korennyh malochislennyh narodov RF // Problemy jekonomiki i juridicheskoj praktiki. – 2016. – # 3. – S. 102.

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

This article examines a constitutional novelty – the principle of social solidarity. The authors reflect on the content and implementation of the principle of social solidarity in the field of labor

relations. It is concluded that it is necessary to fill the content of the principle of social solidarity in the field of labor relations and the criteria for achieving the goals of this principle in labor relations.

Keywords: constitution, social solidarity, constitutional principle of social solidarity in labor relations.

1. Alebastrova I. A. Princip social’noj solidarnosti v konstitucionnom prave: dis. … dokt. jurid.nauk. FGAOU VO «Nacional’nyj issledovatel’skij universitet «Vysshaja shkola jekonomiki». 2017. – S. 6. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://www.hse.ru/sci/diss/199631147 (data obrashhenija: 01.02.2021).

2. Dzucev Z. G. Zashhitnaja funkcija profsojuzov, problemy pravovogo regulirovanija: avtoref. dis. …kand. jurid. nauk. – M., 2009.

3. Djurkgejm Je. O. razdelenii obshhestvennogo truda. Metod sociologii / Per. s fr. i posleslovie A. B. Gofmana. – M.: Nauka, 1991.

4. Krotov P. P. Pitirim Sorokin: ot metodologicheskih osnov izuchenija morali, al’truizma i social’noj solidarnosti k sintezu teorii i praktiki// Vestnik Syktyvkarskogo universiteta. Serija gumanitarnyh nauk. – 2017.

5. Stepanova A. A. K voprosu o social’nom gosudarstve v Rossii // Konstitucionnoe i municipal’noe pravo. – 2021. – # 1.

6. Shapsugova M. D. k voprosu o soderzhanii stat’i 75.1 Konstitucii Rossijskoj Federacii // MODERN SCIENCE. – 2020. – # 9.

7. Feronas A. The Transformation of Solidarity in Times of Austerity: The Case of Greece // Social Cohesion and Development. – 12 (2).

The author in the article examines the topical problems of the guaranteed and enshrined in the main acts of Russian legislation the right to privacy of a person, in connection with information technologies, on the Internet, allowing colossal rights to manipulate the information that makes up the content. At the same time, the main legal acts regulating the procedure for protecting personal citizens on the Internet have been clarified.

Keywords: Internet, information, information intermediary, protection of rights, privacy, constitutional guarantees.

1. Konstitucija Rossijskoj Federacii 1993 g. – M.:Norma, 2019.

2. Ugolovnyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 13.06.1996 # 63-FZ (red. ot 23.04.2019) // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 17.06.1996. – # 25. – St. 272.

3. «Ob informacii, informacionnyh tehnologijah i o zashhite informacii» FZ RF ot 27 ijulja 2006 #149-FZ. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

4. «O personal’nyh dannyh» FZ RF ot 27 ijulja 2006 # 152-FZ. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

5. «Ob jelektronnoj podpisi» FZ RF ot 06 aprelja 2011 # 63-FZ. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

6. Barinov S. V. Kriminalisticheskaja harakteristika prestupnyh narushenij neprikosnovennosti prestupnyh narushenij neprikosnovennosti chastnoj zhizni, sovershaemyh v seti Internet // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. – 2016. – # 9

The article examines various aspects of the constitutional and legal status of the region in the Russian Federation. It is argued that the spread of the practice of including in the Fundamental Laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation norms that enshrine the principle of separation of powers will affect the activity of regional government bodies in a favorable way. The article shows that the basis of the constitutional and legal status of the subject of the Russian Federation is in its exclusive powers over the questions that are attributed to its competence. Some issues of the legal status of the new constituent entities of the Russian Federation are considered, that are accepted into the Federation. The general features of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation as a state-legal entity inherent in all regions of our country without exception are highlighted and disclosed. The author’s position on the right to secession is formulated as one of the elements of the constitutional and legal status of the subject of the federal state. The main areas of top management of the regions in our country are highlighted. Some ways of participation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in federal bodies

of state power are considered. The influence of the principle of separation of powers on the constitutional and legal status of the federal state is carried out. At the end of the article, a conclusion is formulated about the disclosure of the essence of the principle of separation of powers in the provisions of the Constitutions and Charters of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: federalism, legal status, constituent entity of the Russian Federation, secession, the concept of separation of powers.

1. Postanovlenie Konstitucionnogo Suda RF ot 28.11.1995 # 15-P «Po delu o tolkovanii chasti 2 stat’i 137 Konstitucii Rossijskoj Federacii» // SZ RF. – 04.12.1995. – # 49. – St. 4868.

2. Baglaj M. V. Konstitucionnoe pravo zarubezhnyh stran: uchebnik. – M.: Norma, 2016. – 832 s.

3. Byrljedjanu V. Pravovaja sistema sub”ekta Rossijskoj Federacii i rossijskij federalizm // Federalizm.- 2011. – S. 82.

4. Gumashvili L. Je. Konstitucionno-pravovoe ponjatie i soderzhanie vzaimootnoshenij federal’nogo centra i sub”ektov Rossijskoj Federacii // Konstitucionnoe i municipal’noe pravo. – 2011. – # 11. – S. 2.

5. Gunaev E. A. Territorija Respubliki Kalmykija: osobennosti konstitucionno-pravovogo statusa // Vestnik Kalmyckogo Universiteta. – 2012. – # 4 (6). – S.114.

6. Demidov M. V. Ispolnitel’naja vlast’ sub”ekta Rossijskoj Federacii: konstitucionno-pravovoj aspekt ee statusa // Konstitucionnoe i municipal’noe pravo. – 2017. – # 1. – S. 33.

7. Lebedev V. A. Konstitucionno-pravovoj status sub”ektov Rossijskoj Federacii // Vestnik Cheljabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. – 2012. – # 1. – S. 7.

8. Morozova A. S. Osobennosti konstitucionno-pravovogo statusa sub”ektov Rossijskoj Federacii // Voprosy upravlenija. – 2012. – # 01 (18). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://journal-management.com/issue/2012/01/44.

9. Nifanov A. N. Interpretacija principa ravnopravija sub”ektov Rossijskoj Federacii v praktike konstitucionnogo sudoproizvodstva // Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta: Serija «Pravo».- 2016. – # 1. – S. 40.

10. Rashevskij A. A. Aktual’nye problemy konstitucionnogo prava RF // Vestnik VUiT. – 2010. – # 70.

11. Semin S. V. Asimmetrija sub”ektov kak cherta konstitucionno-pravovogo statusa sub”ektov Rossijskoj Federacii // Jelektronnyj nauchnyj zhurnal «Nauka. Obshhestvo. Gosudarstvo» – 2013. – # 1 (1).

12. Smirnova V. V. Pravovye i organizacionnye problemy realizacii principa ravnopravija sub”ektov Rossijskoj Federacii // Administrativnoe i municipal’noe pravo. – 2015. – # 8. – S. 4.

13. Fedorec M. N. O modernizacii gosudarstvenno-territorial’nogo ustrojstva Rossijskoj Federacii //Gosudarstvo i pravo. – 2015. – # 4. – S. 100.

14. Chertkov A. N. Sub”ekt federacii kak gosudarstvenno-territorial’naja edinica // Zhurnal rossijskogo prava. – 2011. – # 1. – S. 78.

In this article, the author examines the social relations that arise in connection with the development and establishment of the boundaries of zones for the protection of cultural heritage objects of the peoples of the Russian Federation. Such concepts as “the mode of use of the land plot”, “the special mode of use of the land plot” and “requirements to town-planning regulations”, their relation to each other are considered; the structure of projects of zones of protection of objects of cultural heritage is analyzed.

Based on the analysis of the legislation and the existing law enforcement practice of different regions, it is concluded that it is necessary to develop a single concept from the 3 above-mentioned ones and adjust the current legislation of the Russian Federation in this part by making changes and additions to it. The article also demonstrates the latest changes in the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of zones of protection of cultural heritage objects and the borders of their territory, and conducts comparative studies in this part.

Keywords: legislation, object of cultural heritage, protection zones, special mode of use, requirements for urban planning regulations.

1. Ajnullina K. N., Krjahtunov A. A. Procedura ustanovlenija zon ohrany ob”ektov kul’turnogo nasledija // International agricultural journal. – 2020. – # 5.– S. 9.

2. Berlizov M. P., Davydenko G. G. Problematika administrativno-pravovogo regulirovanija zashhitnyh zon ob”ektov kul’turnogo nasledija // Juridicheskij vestnik Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta.– 2020. – # 1. – S 83-90.

3. Bogomjakov I. Pravovoj rezhim zemel’nyh uchastkov v granicah zon ohrany ob”ektov kul’turnogo nasledija// Hozjajstvo i pravo. – 2012. – # 3 (422). – S. 51-61.

4. Goncharov A. V., Krjukov A. V. Voinskie monumenty kak ob”ekty kul’turnogo nasledija: osobennosti gosudarstvennoj ohrany (na primere Krasnodarskogo kraja) // Nasledie vekov. – 2020. – # 3 (23). – S. 73-82.

5. Trofimova M. S. Zona ohrany i zashhitnaja zona ob”ekta kul’turnogo nasledija v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve i bufernaja zona v normah mezhdunarodnogo prava: k voprosu o sootnoshenii kategorij //BENEFICIUM. – 2020. – # 3 (36). – S. 55-67.

6. Shirokov K. M. Problemy razrabotki i utverzhdenija proektov zon ohrany ob”ektov kul’turnogo nasledija v gorodah federal’nogo znachenija // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. – 2011. – # 4 (21).– S. 149-161.

7. Owley J. Cultural heritage conservation easements:Heritage protection with property law tools // Land Use Policy. – 2015. – Vol. 49. – Rp. 177-182 (na angl.).

8. Tünsmeyer V. Bridging the Gap Between International Human Rights and International Cultural Heritage Law Instruments: A Functions Approach / Intersections in International Cultural Heritage Law. Ed. by A.-M. Carstens & E. Varner, May, 2020. (na angl.).

 

The article analyzes the norms of the Environmental Code of St. Petersburg and analyzes the compliance of its norms with the federal legislation on environmental protection, as well as considers regional and foreign experience in the development of such acts. The authors conclude about the problems of the structure and provisions of this law and give recommendations for its improvement.

Keywords: Environmental Code, regional legislation, environmental legislation, environmental

protection, rational use of natural resources.

1. Doklad ob jekologicheskoj situacii v Sankt-Peterburge v 2019 godu. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.gov.spb.ru/static/writable/ckeditor/uploads/2020/08/07/57/doklad_2019.pdf.

2. 2020 EPI Report. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://epi.yale.edu/downloads/epi2020report20200828.pdf.

3. Jekologicheskij kodeks Sankt-Peterburga. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.assembly.spb.ru/ndoc/doc/0/456009803?print=0.

4. Ob ohrane okruzhajushhej sredy: Federal’nyj zakon ot 10.01.2002 # 7-FZ // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii. – 31.12.2001. – # 53. –St. 5092.

5. O vnesenii izmenenij v Zakon Sankt-Peterburga «Jekologicheskij kodeks Sankt-Peterburga» i o priznanii utrativshimi silu otdel’nyh zakonov Sankt-Peterburga, O vnesenii izmenenij v Zakon Sankt-Peterburga «Jekologicheskij kodeks Sankt-Peterburga» i o priznanii utrativshimi silu otdel’nyh zakonov Sankt-Peterburga ot 12.04.2017.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.assembly.spb.ru/ndoc/doc/0/777324411?print=0.

6. Miljöbalk. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/miljobalk-1998808_sfs-1998-808.

7. Ympäristönsuojelulaki. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/2014/20140527.

The limitation period for bringing to administrative responsibility in the Russian Federation is quite varied. Their classification is highly dependent on the offense committed. Administrative legislation provides for a regulated procedure for calculating the statute of limitations.

General statutes of limitations do not always work for certain offenses. In such cases, a special part of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation is applied, which provides for a specific calculation by the statute of limitations. Prescription – a certain period of time during which it is possible to defend, restore violated rights, as well as receive compensation for them. The statute of limitations is imperative, therefore, the subjects of legal relations cannot be changed. Its regulation is possible only at the legislative level. With regard to administrative law, this is possible within the framework of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. In this article, we will consider in detail the concept, forms and types of terms of bringing to administrative responsibility.

Keywords: terms, types, administrative responsibility, Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, limitation of involvement, punishment, offense, citizens, legal entities, calculus, suspension, termination.

1. Kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah ot 30.12.2001 # 195-FZ (red. ot 24.02.2021) / Dostup iz SPS «Konsul’tantPljus»(data obrashhenija: 25.02.2021). – St.st. 2.1, 4.5.

2. Postanovlenie Konstitucionnogo Suda RF ot 13.07.2010 # 15-P «Po delu o proverke konstitucionnosti polozhenij chasti pervoj stat’i 188 Ugolovnogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii, chasti 4 stat’i 4.5, chasti 1 stat’i 16.2 i chasti 2 stat’i 27.11 Kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah v svjazi s zhalobami grazhdan V. V. Batalova, L. N. Valuevoj, Z. Ja. Ganievoj, O. A. Krasnoj i I. V. Jepova». Dostup iz SPS «Konsul’tantPljus» (data obrashhenija: 22.02.2021).

3. Grechkina O. V. O nekotoryh problemah pravoprimenitelja pri opredelenii sroka davnosti privlechenija k administrativnoj otvetstvennosti // Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N. I. Lobachevskogo. – # 5. – 2019. – S. 88-92.

The article analyzes and reveals the basics of administrative and legal regulation of the management of production and consumption waste, as well as the basics of administrative responsibility for non-compliance with environmental protection requirements in the management of production and consumption waste, analyzes statistical data. Based on the analysis, the authors make their proposals for improving the provisions of administrative and tort legislation in this area.

Keywords: administrative liability; administrative offense; environmental protection; production and consumption waste.

1. Federal’nyj zakon «Ob othodah proizvodstva i potreblenija» ot 24.06.1998 # 89-FZ (poslednjaja redakcija). – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_19109/

2. «Kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah» ot 30.12.2001 # 195-FZ (red. ot 04.02.2021). – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_34661/.

3. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 19.04.2017 # 176 «O Strategii jekologicheskoj bezopasnosti Rossijskoj Federacii na period do 2025 goda». – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_215668/.

4. Antonova T. L., Evsikova E. V. Osnovy pravovogo regulirovanija obrashhenija s proizvodstvennymi i bytovymi othodami i administrativnaja otvetstvennost’ za ih narushenie // Uchenye zapiski Krymskogo federal’nogo universiteta imeni V. I. Vernadskogo. Juridicheskie nauki. – 2020. – # 1. –402-418.

5. Evsikova E. V. Pravovye osnovy profilaktiki administrativnyh pravonarushenij v Respublike Krym //Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2016.– # 8 (99). – S. 148-150.

6. Svodnye statisticheskie svedenija o dejatel’nosti federal’nyh sudov obshhej jurisdikcii i mirovyh sudej za pervuju polovinu 2020 goda. Sudebnyj departament pri Verhovnom Sude Rossijskoj Federacii. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:http://www.cdep.ru/index.php?id=79&item=5461.

7. Svodnye statisticheskie svedenija o dejatel’nosti federal’nyh sudov obshhej jurisdikcii i mirovyh sudej za 2019 god. Sudebnyj departament pri Verhovnom Sude Rossijskoj Federacii. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.cdep.ru/

index.php?id=79&item=5258.

8. Seleznev V. A. Administrativnaja otvetstvennost’ za narushenie trebovanij v oblasti obrashhenija s othodami // Zhurnal rossijskogo prava. – 2019. – #12. – S. 113-128.

 

Based on the analysis of certain provisions of the legislation on the animal world and law enforcement practice, the author argues that in Russia the legal basis for the participation of citizens in the management of the protection and sustainable use of the animal world is quite extensive. However, the subsequent provisions of the law did not reflect the specific forms and mechanisms of such participation.

The rules for public participation and access to information in the field of wildlife management are unsatisfactory, since these problems are simply addressed in a limited number of cases. The relevant norms are developed in excessively general terms and without detailed procedures that must be followed to ensure their full implementation. The author offers specific solutions to the problems to attract the public in order to address management issues in the field of protection and use of wildlife, which can be taken into account.

Keywords: public, criteria for public participation, protection of wildlife, effectiveness of public participation, the principle of public involvement.

1. Anisimov A. P. Pravovoj rezhim ohotnich’ih ugodij // Juridicheskaja nauka. – 2013. – # 1.

2. Atamanchuk G. V. Teorija gosudarstvennogo upravlenija: Kurs lekcij. – 3-e izd., dop. – M.: Izd-vo OMEGA-L, 2005.

3. Vasil’eva M. I. Pravo grazhdan na dostup k prirodnym resursam (obshheteoreticheskoe i mezhotraslevoe obosnovanie) // Zhurnal rossijskogo prava. –2012. – # 3 (183). – S. 8.

4. Danilov D. N., Rusanov Ja. S. Bonitirovka ohotnich’ih ugodij. Osnovy ohotustrojstva. – M., Lesnaja promyshlennost’, 1966.

5. Ignatov V. G., Sulemov V. A., Radchenko A.I., Ivlev A.I. Kadrovoe obespechenie Gosudarstvennoj sluzhby. – Rostov-na-Donu, 1994.

6. Mel’nikov V. K., Mel’nikov V. V. Sovremennye problemy organizacii ohotnich’ego hozjajstva Rossii, ohotnich’ego turizma i analiz pravovogo obespechenija ego v zarubezhnyh stranah i Rossii. – M.: OOO «Stolichnaja tipografija». 2008.

7. Shuljat’ev A. A., Andreev M. N. Grebnev I. A. Ohotnich’i resursy obshhedostupnyh ugodij i porjadok raspredelenija razreshenij na ih dobychu dlja ljubitel’skoj i sportivnoj ohoty. // Sovremennye problemy prirodopol’zovanija, ohotovedenija i zverovodstva. – 2012. – Vypusk # 1. – S. 300-302.

The article presents a comparative legal analysis of the norms of criminal and administrative legislation establishing responsibility for socially dangerous acts in the field of environmental protection. It is noted that there are no necessary scientifically based criteria for distinguishing these offenses, which would make it possible to exclude from the practice of law enforcement agencies and courts cases of unjustified bringing of persons to criminal responsibility, as well as their conviction.

Keywords: environmental offenses, environmental crimes, environmental standards, judicial practice, crime scene, comparative legal analysis.

1. Postanovlenie Plenuma VS RF ot 18.10.2012 # 21 «O primenenii sudami zakonodatel’stva ob otvetstvennosti za narushenija v oblasti ohrany okruzhajushhej sredy i prirodopol’zovanija» // Rossijskaja gazeta, 2012. 31 oktjabrja.

2. Postanovlenie Plenuma Verhovnogo Suda RF ot 23 nojabrja 2010 g. # 27 «O praktike rassmotrenija del ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah, svjazannyh s narusheniem pravil dobychi (vylova) vodnyh biologicheskih resursov i inyh pravil, reglamentirujushhih osushhestvlenie promyshlennogo, pribrezhnogo i drugih vidov rybolovstva // Rossijskaja gazeta, 2010. 1 dekabrja.

3. Postanovlenie Plenuma Arbitrazhnogo Suda RF ot 17 fevralja 2011 g. # 11. «O nekotoryh voprosah primenenija Osobennoj chasti Kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah» // Vestnik Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda RF, 2011. # 5. S. 4.

4. Postanovlenie Novosibirskogo oblastnogo suda ot 27 ijulja 2017 g. // Delo # 4a-631-2017. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://sudpractic.ru/ (data obrashhenija: 24.10.2020).

5. Prigovor Argajashskogo rajonnogo suda Cheljabinskoj oblasti # 1-102/2018 ot 29 maja 2018 g. // Delo #1-102/2018. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://sudpractic.ru/ (data obrashhenija: 24.10.2020).

6. Reshenie Korsakovskogo gorodskogo suda Sahalinskoj oblasti M-346/2018 ot 30 maja 2018 g. // Delo # 2a-444/2018. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://sudpractic.ru/ (data obrashhenija: 25.10.20).

7. Reshenie Jaroslavskogo oblastnogo suda # 30-2-293/2018 ot 22 ijunja 2018 g. // Delo # 30-2-293/2018.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://stkoaprf.ru/8-39 (data obrashhenija: 24.10.2020).

8. Artamonova M.A. Sootnoshenie jekologicheskih prestuplenij i administrativnyh pravonarushenij v oblasti ohrany okruzhajushhej sredy: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. Samara, 2013.

9. Gavrilov S.K. Problemy razgranichenija jekologicheskih prestuplenij i administrativnyh prostupkov v oblasti narushenija rezhima osobo ohranjaemyh prirodnyh territorij i prirodnyh ob”ektov// Vestnik. Tomskogo gos. un-ta, 2007. # 301. S. 110.

10. Konvencija o pravovom statuse Kaspijskogo morja.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.kremlin.ru/supplement/5328 (data obrashhenija:24.05.2020).

11. Pacija D.V. O sootnoshenii ugolovnogo i administrativno-deliktnogo zakonodatel’stva v oblasti ohrany lesa i lesopol’zovanija // Obshhestvo i pravo, 2017. # 4 (62). S. 61.

12. Staroverov A.V. Razgranichenie prestuplenij i administrativnyh pravonarushenij po sub”ektivnym priznakam sostavov // Vestnik Moskovskogo un-ta MVD Rossii, 2018. # 5. S. 126.

The article examines the current issues of the relationship of integration processes taking place in the Eurasian region with the overall level of environmental security of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU, Union). The mechanism of increasing the level of environmental risks of cross-border movement of environmentally sensitive goods carried out within the framework of foreign trade activities is described.

In the context of the subject under consideration, the author substantiates the importance and role of customs administrations in ensuring the ecological well-being of the region. The article outlines the legal problems of the lack of a unified environmental policy of the EAEU member States, designed to provide adequate protection against environmental threats associated with the liberalization of foreign trade within the Union.

Keywords: environmental safety, customs authorities, Eurasian Economic Union, ecological and legal status of customs authorities, liberalization of foreign trade activities.

1. Zhavoronkova N. G., Shpakovskij Ju. G. Problemy ohrany okruzhajushhej sredy i obespechenija jekologicheskoj bezopasnosti Rossijskoj Federacii pri osushhestvlenii integracionnoj dejatel’nosti //Gosudarstvennyj suverenitet i verhovenstvo prava: mezhdunarodnoe i nacional’noe izmerenija. II Moskovskij juridicheskij forum (Kutafinskie chtenija) (2-4 aprelja 2015 g., Moskva): materialy kruglyh stolov: v 2 ch. M.: Prospekt, 2015. Ch. 2. 544 s.

2. Zhavoronkova N. G., Shpakovskij Ju. G. Gosudarstvennoe upravlenie v oblasti obespechenija jekologicheskoj bezopasnosti: organizacionno-pravovoj aspekt // Vestnik Rossijskogo gosudarstvennogo torgovo-jekonomicheskogo universiteta. 2012. # 7-8.

3. Ronzhina N. A. Osobennosti pravovogo rezhima vneshnetorgovogo oborota jekologicheski chuvstvitel’nyh tovarov // Uchenye zapiski Sankt-Peterburgskogo imeni V. B. Bobkova filiala Rossijskoj tamozhennoj akademii. 2020. # 2 (74). S. 99-102.

4. Ronzhina N. A. Pravovoe obespechenie jekologicheskoj bezopasnosti: global’nye, nacional’nye i integracionnye aspekty // Uchenye zapiski Sankt-Peterburgskogo imeni V. B. Bobkova filiala Rossijskoj tamozhennoj akademii. 2019. # 4 (72). S. 74-79.

5. Sorokina M. N. Tamozhennye organy Rossijskoj Federacii (ponjatija i priznaki) // Vlast’. 2009. # 5. S. 65-67.

6. Soklakov A. A., Bocharova L. V. Tamozhennye organy kak sub”ekty obespechenija jekologicheskoj bezopasnosti strany // Jekonomicheskaja bezopasnost’:pravovye, jekonomicheskie, jekologicheskie aspekty: sbornik nauchnyh trudov 4-j Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. 2019. S. 258-262.

7. Jag’ev I. N., Kurinnoj I. P., Marceva T. G. Administrativno-pravovoe regulirovanie dejatel’nosti tamozhennyh organov kak sub”ektov obespechenija bezopasnosti RF v jekologicheskoj sfere // Jekologicheskoe blagopoluchie i zdorovyj obraz zhizni cheloveka v 21 veke: politiko-pravovye, social’no-jekonomicheskie i psihologo-gumanitarnye aspekty. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii / pod obshh. red. V.V. Ponomareva, T. A. Kutkovich. Izdatel’stvo: Novorossijskij institut (filial) ANO VO «Moskovskij gumanitarno-jekonomicheskij universitet»; Centr na- uchnogo znanija «Logos», 2017. S. 156-159.

8. Ljapustin S. N., Sonin V. V., Barej N. S. Pravovye osnovy ohrany prirody. Vladivostok: Apel’sin, 2014. 216 s.

9. Bazalej N. A. Pravovoe regulirovanie dejatel’nosti tamozhennyh organov kak sub”ektov obespechenija bezopasnosti RF v jekologicheskoj sfere // Pravovye instituty i metody ohrany okruzhajushhej sredy v Rossii, stranah SNG i Evropejskogo sojuza: zakono-

datel’stvo i jekologicheskaja jeffektivnost’. Saratov, 2018. S. 13-16.

10. Gorjaeva N. S., Elfimova O. S. Jekologicheskie problemy i dejstvija tamozhennyh organov po realizacii mezhdunarodnoj iniciativy «Zelenaja tamozhnja» // Tamozhennye chtenija — 2017. Sovremennaja nauka i obrazovanie na strazhe jekonomicheskih interesov Rossijskoj Federacii. Vzgljad molodyh liderov: sbornik materialov Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. V 9 t. T. I / pod obshh. red. prof. S.N. Gamidullaeva. SPb.: Sankt-Peterburgskij imeni V.B. Bobkova filial RTA, 2017. S. 136-141.

11. Bulgakova L. S. Mezhdunarodnoe sotrudnichestvo tamozhennyh organov v oblasti obespechenija jekologicheskoj bezopasnosti gosudarstva / L. S. Bulgakova //Gumanitarnye, social’no-jekonomicheskie i obshhestvennye nauki. 2018. # 9. S. 70–72.

12. Poljakova N. V. Administrativno-pravovoe regulirovanie dejatel’nosti tamozhennyh organov kak sub”ektov obespechenija bezopasnosti Rossijskoj Federacii v jekologicheskoj sfere: avtoref. dis. …kand. jurid. nauk (12.00.2014); Rossijskaja tamozhennaja akademija im. V. B. Bobkova. Ljubercy, 2013. 26 s.

 

The article analyzes the conduct of inspections of the statutory activities of a religious organization in the course of monitoring compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on freedom of conscience, freedom of religion and religious associations.

The legislation of the Russian Federation is constantly being updated, which entails changes in the requirements for the statutory documents of religious organizations. Many religious organizations, concretizing certain provisions of their Charter, are simply not able to quickly respond to changes in legislation.

The author draws attention to the typical mistakes that founder make when preparing the charter of religious organizations, and makes recommendations for the use of wording in the Charter that is more acceptable for regulatory authorities.

Keywords: religious organizations, regulatory bodies, justice bodies, law on freedom of conscience, freedom of religion, charter of religious organizations.

1. Federal’nyj zakon «O svobode sovesti i o religioznyh ob”edinenijah» ot 26.09.1997 # 125-FZ (poslednjaja redakcija). Konsul’tant pljus. [Jelektronnyj resurs] Rezhim dostupa:http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_16218/59976b7c4e33c250710dc861a0190f08256be9f6/ (data obrashhenija:15.03.2021).

2. Federal’nyj zakon ot 30.03.2016 # 76-FZ «O vnesenii izmenenij v Federal’nyj zakon «O vvedenii v dejstvie chasti pervoj Grazhdanskogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii» i Federal’nyj zakon «O svobode sovesti i o religioznyh ob”edinenijah».

Konsul’tant pljus. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_16218/59976b7c4e33c250710dc861a0190f08256be9f6/ (data obrashhenija: 15.03.2021).

3. Federal’nyj zakon # 236-FZ ot 21.07.2014 «O vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii po voprosam simvoliki nekommercheskih organizacij». Konsul’tant pljus.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_165826/ (data obrashhenija: 15.03.2021).

4. Obzor tipichnyh narushenij zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii, dopuskaemyh religioznymi organizacijami v dokumentah, predstavljaemyh dlja gosudarstvennoj registracii 01.07.2020 / Ministerstvo justicii Rossijskoj Federacii oficial’nyj sajt. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://minjust.gov.ru/ru/documents/7728/ (data obrashhenija: 15.03.2021).

In this study, the author considers the problem of state supervision over the technical condition and design of motor vehicles. The author gives the main definitions related to the problem under consideration, based on the regulatory framework of Russian legislation in the field of road safety. At the same time, this article pays attention to the problem of legal regulation of federal state supervision over the design and technical condition of motor vehicles and suggests ways to resolve it. In his work, the author uses normative legal acts, educational literature, relies on the opinions of authoritative legal scholars in the field of administrative law, and also gives his own position on the topic under consideration.

Keywords: Road traffic, safety, state supervision, technical supervision, motor vehicles, legal regulation, regulations, operation.

1. Kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah ot 30 dekabrja 2001 goda # 195-FZ v redakcii ot 24 fevralja 2021 goda.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

2. Federal’nyj zakon ot 10 dekabrja 1995 goda #196-FZ v redakcii ot 8 dekabrja 2020 goda «O bezopasnosti dorozhnogo dvizhenija». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tant-Pljus».

3. Federal’nyj zakon ot 26 ijulja 2019 goda # 219-FZ v redakcii ot 23 ijunja 2020 goda «O vnesenii izmenenij v Kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

4. Postanovlenie Pravitel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 19 avgusta 2013 goda # 716 v redakcii ot 26 sentjabrja 2019 goda «O federal’nom gosudarstvennom nadzore v oblasti bezopasnosti dorozhnogo dvizhenija» (vmeste s «Polozheniem o federal’nom gosudarstvennom nadzore v oblasti bezopasnosti dorozhnogo dvizhenija»). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

5. Administrativnoe pravo i process: praktikum /G. A. Vasilevich, S. M. Zabelov, D. E. Tagunov. – M.:Pravo i jekonomika, 2018. – 230 s.

6. Blinkin M. Ja Bezopasnost’ dorozhnogo dvizhenija: istorija voprosa, mezhdunarodnyj opyt, bazovye institucii / M. Ja Blinkin. — M.: ID VShJe, 2018. — 240 c.

7. Vitrjanskij V. V. Reforma administrativnogo zakonodatel’stva: promezhutochnye itogi. – M.:Statut, 2019. – 319 s.

8. Mel’nikova Ju. V. Voprosy kodifikacii transportnogo zakonodatel’stva v kontekste povyshenija jeffektivnosti gosudarstvennogo upravlenija transportom // Transportnoe pravo i bezopasnost’. – 2018. – # 1. – S. 132-136.

This article examines the problems of determining the place of local self-government bodies in the system of public authorities in accordance with the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, approved during the all-Russian vote on July 1, 2020. It is emphasized that the amendments to Chapter 8 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation are aimed at close interaction of state bodies and local self-government bodies as a unified system of state power.

Keywords: local government, state power, state, state mechanism, public power.

1. «Konstitucija Rossijskoj Federacii» (prinjata vsenarodnym golosovaniem 12.12.1993 s izmenenijami, odobrennymi v hode obshherossijskogo golosovanija 01.07.2020).

2. Federal’nyj zakon ot 06.10.2003 # 131-FZ (red. ot 29.12.2020) «Ob obshhih principah organizacii mestnogo samoupravlenija v RF».

3. Bondar’ N. S. Municipal’noe pravo Rossijskoj Federacii: Uchebnik dlja studentov vuzov (2-oe izd., pererab. i dop.) / Pod red. N. S. Bondarja. – M.: Juniti-Dana: Zakon i pravo, 2006. – 559 s.

4. Evropejskaja hartija mestnogo samoupravlenija (ETS # 122). Prinjata v Strasburge 15. 10. 1985 g.; vstupila v silu dlja Rossii 01. 09. 1998 g. // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. –7 sentjabrja 1998 g. # 36. – St. 4466.

5. Lobodina A. A., Pavlov N. V., Shabun’ko Ju. A. Sootnoshenie gosudarstvennoj i municipal’noj sluzhby kak jelementov edinoj sistemy publichnoj vlasti // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020.– # 5 (144). – S. 145-146.

6. Pravovoe regulirovanie vzaimodejstvija organov gosudarstvennogo i municipal’nogo upravlenija/ P. M. Kurdjuk, N. V. Pavlov, V. A. Ochakovskij. –Krasnodar: Jepomen, 2019. – 85 s.

7. Solov’ev S. G. Municipal’no-vlastnye instituty v mestnom samoupravlenii RF. – Spb.: Izd-vo «Juridicheskij centr Press», 2003. – 328 s.

8. Uvarov A. A. Mestnoe samoupravlenie v Rossii – M.:Norma, 2008. – 320 s.

9. Cherkasov A. I. Mestnoe upravlenie i samoupravlenie. – M.: Manuskript, 1996. – 673 s.

10. Churikov N. A., Pavlov N. V. Pravosoznanie municipal’nyh i gosudarstvennyh sluzhashhih: tendencii i problemy formirovanija // Gumanitarnye, social’no-jekonomicheskie i obshhestvennye nauki. – 2019.– # 5. – S. 146 – 149.

The article focuses on one of the main principles of the insurance law – the principle of utmost good faith («uberrimae fidei»). Draws attention to the shortcomings of the current provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, which prevent the full application of the norms of good conduct of the parties to the insurance contract.

Keywords: good faith principle, utmost good faith, «uberrimae fidei», insurance contract, risk information.

1. Ahmedov A. Sh. Stat’ja: Aspekty primenenija principa uberrima fides v strahovom dogovore // Jurist.– 2008. – # 4.

2. Grazhdanskoe ulozhenie Germanii: Vvodnyj zakon k Grazhdanskomu ulozheniju. – M.: Infotropik Media, 2015.

3. Hawke F. Utmost Good Faith – What Does it Really Mean? // ILJ. – 1994. – # 6 (2).

4. Reform of the Doctrine of Ultimate Integrity: a Comparative Study Between the UK and Saudi Arabia /By. Dina Esmail M Abuzaid. – London, 2018.

5. The Duty of Utmost Good Faith / Ed. by A. Di Lorenzo.– London, 2014.

6. Vásquez-Vega D. A Somparative Analysis of Utmost Good Faith in Colombian and English Insurance Law //Journal of international law. – 2014. – Vol. 5. 02.

7. Young W. Remedies for Violation of the Insurer’s Good Faith from the New Zealand Point of View. – New Zealand, 2010.

In this work, the authors consider the historical process of the emergence of the institution of civil liability, the formation of a mechanism for compensation for harm. This article deals with the importance of the creation and real regulation of the process under consideration by the state. The issues of its organization and operation in the conditions of the present time are considered.

Keywords: civil liability, compensation for damage, property, legislation.

1. Zakon RSFSR ot 24.12.1990 # 443-1 (red. ot 24.06.1992, s izm. ot 01.07.1994) “O sobstvennosti v RSFSR”.– [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_37/(data obrashhenija: 17.02.2021).

2. Oleg i Igor’: problema preemstvennosti. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://pereformat.ru/2015/10/oleg-igor/ (data obrashhenija: 10.02.2021).

3. Rossijskoe zakonodatel’stvo X – XX v. Zakonodatel’stvo pervoj poloviny XIX v. T. 6. – M. Juridicheskaja literatura, 1988.

The article discusses the relevance and timeliness of the introduction of a new simplified procedure for out-of-court bankruptcy of a citizen in Russia, especially in the current economic realities. Out-of-court bankruptcy procedure undoubtedly greatly facilitates the recognition of a citizen as bankrupt, but at the same time it has a number of shortcomings. The article analyzes the pros and cons of the simplified procedure for bankruptcy of a citizen, the author highlights the features of this procedure and comes to conclusions about the need to improve out-of-court bankruptcy.

Keywords: insolvency (bankruptcy) of a citizen, out-of-court bankruptcy procedure, simplified bankruptcy procedure, satisfaction of creditors claims, separate disputes.

1. Bondarenko I. A., Akopjan G. A. Institut bankrotstva v Rossii: formal’nye i neformal’nye pravila // Vestnik Akademii znanij. – 2019. – # 31(2). – S. 38-41.

2. Gorlova S. V. Osobennosti bankrotstva individual’nogo predprinimatelja po zakonodatel’stvu Rossijskoj Federacii // Molodoj uchenyj. – 2020.– # 4 (294). – S. 360-362.

3. Dmitrenko A. G. Pravovoe regulirovanie pri priznanii bankrotstva individual’nogo predprinimatelja // Molodoj uchenyj. – 2017. – # 14.– S. 506-509.

4. Milov P. O. Procedura uproshhennogo bankrotstva fizicheskih lic: aktual’nye voprosy teorii i praktiki // Pravo i praktika. – 2020. – # 1. – S.122-126.

5. Mitin E. A. Bankrotstvo fizicheskih lic: uproshhennyj porjadok i inye novovvedenija 2020 goda// Imushhestvennye otnoshenija v RF. – 2021. – # 1(232). – S. 76-82.

6. Podol’skij Ju. D. Processual’naja reforma v bankrotstve: vnesudebnoe formirovanie reestra trebovanij // Arbitrazhnyj i grazhdanskij process. – 2020. – # 11. – S. 47-49.

7. Suhovskaja M. G. Bankrotstvo grazhdan bez suda cherez MFC: kak jeto proishodit // Glavnaja kniga. –2020. – # 19. – S. 83-86.

8. Shajhutdinov E. M. Otkaz v osvobozhdenii grazhdanina ot objazatel’stv po zavershenii procedury bankrotstva // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. – 2020. – T. 15. – # 10. – S. 65-71.

This article analyzes a segment of the legal regulation of the protection of one of the main constitutional civil directions – the right to property. The author, defining some of the features of the powers of notaries in the issue of determining the inheritance share, points out that the aspect of the allocation of the so-called marital share is poorly developed in this issue. The author, drawing attention to the absence of an effective legal mechanism, raises the question of its development, consistently referring such a right to a mandatory share in the inheritance.

Keywords: notary, inheritance, civil legislation, marital share, jointly acquired property.

1. Buldakova A. V. Objazatel’naja dolja v nasledstve kak tradicionnyj institut nasledstvennogo prava. Skif // Voprosy studencheskoj nauki. – 2020. – # 7 (47).- S. 160-163.

2. Gasanov N. F. Opredelenie supruzheskoj doli v nasledstvennom prave // Probely v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve. – 2019. – # 7. – S. 42-44.

3. Izmajlova E. V. Osobennosti opredelenija supruzheskoj doli v nasledstvennom imushhestve. V knige: Problemy gosudarstvennoj registracii nedvizhimosti i kadastrovogo ucheta. Materialy IV nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Otvetstvennyj redaktor P. A. Sterhov. – 2019. – S. 58-64.

4. Koverchak E. S. Nasledovanie objazatel’noj doli v mezhdunarodnom chastnom prave. V sbornike: Nauchnye dostizhenija i otkrytija 2019. Sbornik statej XII Mezhdunarodnogo nauchno-issledovatel’skogo konkursa. – 2019. – S. 185-188.

5. Novikova D. A. Sravnitel’nyj analiz otdel’nyh aspektov nasledstvennogo prava Rossi i Francii. V sbornike: Innovacionnye tendencii razvitija rossijskoj nauki. Materialy XIII mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii molodyh uchenyh.- 2020. – S. 47-50.

6. Shestak V. A., Goncharova V. A. Osobennosti pravovogo regulirovanija sovmestnogo zaveshhanija suprugov v Rossii i Anglii: sravnitel’no-pravovoj analiz. Mirovoj sud’ja. – 2020. – # 12. – S. 28-31.

The article deals with the application of labor legislation in the context of combating the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors aim to analyze the state of labor legislation at the beginning of the pandemic and identify gaps in the legal regulation of labor relations. The conclusion is made that it is necessary to develop special norms of labor law for use in emergency situations and proposals are made for adapting the legal mechanism to the new conditions and maintaining stability in the field of labor.

Keywords: pandemic, labor legislation, Labor Code of the Russian Federation, legal regulation.

1. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 25.03.2020 # 206 «Ob ob”javlenii v Rossijskoj Federacii nerabochih dnej» //SZ RF. – 2020. – # 13. – St. 1898.

2. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 02.04.2020 # 239 «O merah po obespecheniju sanitarno-jepidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchija naselenija na territorii Rossijskoj Federacii v svjazi s rasprostraneniem novoj koronavirusnoj infekcii (COVID-19)» // SZ RF. -2020. – # 14. – Ch. 1. – St. 2082; Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 28.04.2020 # 294 «O prodlenii dejstvija mer po obespecheniju sanitarno-jepidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchija naselenija na territorii Rossijskoj Federacii v svjazi s rasprostraneniem novoj koronavirusnoj infekcii (COVID-19)» // SZ RF. – 2020.- # 18. – St. 2875.

3. FZ ot 08.12.2020 # 407-FZ «O vnesenii izmenenij v Trudovoj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii v chasti regulirovanija distancionnoj (udalennoj) raboty i vremennogo perevoda rabotnika na distancionnuju (udalennuju) rabotu po iniciative rabotodatelja v

iskljuchitel’nyh sluchajah». [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/law/hotdocs/66245.html/ (data obrashhenija: 21.02.2021).

4. Abalduev V. A. Priostanovlenie raboty i osobye uslovija zanjatosti v period pandemii Covid–19:dolzhna li Rossija imet’ trudovoe zakonodatel’stvo chrezvychajnogo haraktera // Primenenie zakonodatel’stva v sfere truda i social’nogo obespechenija:mezhdunarodnyj i nacional’nyj aspekty: sbornik statej po materialam II Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii (Saratov, 7 ijulja 2020g.) / [otv. red. I. V. Shesterjakova]; FGBOU VO «Saratovskaja gosudarstvennaja juridicheskaja akademija».

– Saratov: Izd-vo FGBOU VO «Saratovskaja gosudarstvennaja juridicheskaja akademija», 2020. – S. 15-22.

5. Duguzheva M. H. Osobennosti trudovyh otnoshenij v period pandemii // Obrazovanie i pravo. – 2020.- # 4. – S. 423-426. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobennostitrudovyh-otnosheniy-v-period-pandemii (data obrashhenija: 21.02.2021).

6. Ljutov N. L. Zashhita naselenija, rabotodatelej i rynka truda v uslovijah pandemii: Rossija v global’nom kontekste // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. – 2020. – T. 15. – # 8. – S. 108-117. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/zaschita-naseleniya-rabotodateley-i-rynkatruda-v-usloviyah-pandemii-rossiya-v-globalnomkontekste(data obrashhenija: 21.02.2021).

 

The inheritance Fund is one of the tools that significantly expand the possibilities in the field of inheritance protection and management.

The article highlights the key specifics of the civil and legal status of the inheritance fund and its activities as a legal entity, which is a significant difference from the activities that are carried out by traditional funds.

The main features are determined by the right to manage the inheritance of a particular person, as the sole founder of the fund, after death, taking into account all the problems in terms of defining the procedure for forming the fund, creating bodies for the management process and the property base.

Keywords: legal entity, inheritance fund, reform of inheritance legislation, will

1. Grazhdanskij kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii (chast’ pervaja) ot 30.11.1994 # 51-FZ (red. ot 08.12.2020)GK RF. – Stat’ja 123.20-1. Sozdanie nasledstvennogo fonda, uslovija upravlenija im i ego likvidacija(vvedena Federal’nym zakonom ot 29.07.2017 # 259-FZ (red. 23.05.2018)).

2. Ajusheeva I. Z. Osobennosti grazhdansko-pravovogo polozhenija nasledstvennogo fonda // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. – 2018. – # 8 (93).[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobennosti-grazhdanskopravovogo-polozheniya-nasledstvennogo-fonda (data obrashhenija: 06.03.2021).

3. Grazhdanskoe pravo. – 2020. – # 1. – 48 s.

4. Dzhanbidaeva Z. Sh. Nasledstvennyj fond. O nekotoryh osobennostjah pravovogo statusa // Gosudarstvennaja sluzhba i kadry. – 2020. – # 1. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/nasledstvennyy-fond-o-nekotoryhosobennostyah-pravovogo-statusa (data obrashhenija:06.03.2021).

5. Krasheninnikov P. V. Nasledstvennoe pravo /P. V. Krasheninnikov. – 3-e izd. – Moskva: Statut, 2018. – 286 s.

6. Nasledstvennyj fond – novaja organizacionno-pravovaja forma juridicheskogo lica: uchebnoe posobie / Federal’noe gosudarstvennoe bjudzhetnoe obrazovatel’noe uchrezhdenie vysshego obrazovanija «Vserossijskij gosudarstvennyj universitet justicii (RPA Minjusta Rossii)», Izhevskij institut (filial); sostaviteli: Vasil’ko A. V., Degtereva G. V. – Izhevsk: Izhevskij institut (filial) VGUJu (RPA Minjusta Rossii), 2019.

7. Petrov E. Ju., Renc I. G. Razvitie rossijskogo nasledstvennogo prava // Zakon. – 2017. – # 6. – S. 44-50.

8. Juridicheskij konsalting. Pravovye voprosy.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://nikakonsalting.rf/semya/nasledstvennoe-pravo-2018.html.

In modern Russian legal science in general and in civil law in particular there has been an increase in research interest in the concept of “freedom of will” of the subject – a fundamental criterion that determines the basis of the method of legal regulation – dispositions.

Questions about the possible borders of permitting or dispositionability in the contract are dominant in modern civilian science.

In this article, the author conducts an ethical – legal analysis of the concept of “freedom of will” of the subject in the contractual relations. Formulated conclusions may be the basis for making changes to civil laws aimed at more efficient regulation of private property relations in the Russian Federation.

Keywords: freedom, will, subject of contractual legal relations, autonomy, society, law, ethics.

1. Vindel’band V. O. O svobode voli. – M., 1905.

2. Vitruk N. V. Obshhaja teorija pravovogo polozhenija lichnosti. – M.: SPS., 2008.

3. Kant I. Kritika prakticheskogo razuma // Sobranie sochinenij v vos’mi tomah. T. 4. – M.: Izd-vo «Choro», 1994

4. Kerimov D. A. Svoboda, pravo i zakonnost’ v socialisticheskom obshhestve. – M., 1960. – S. 381- 466.

5. Mill’ Dzh. S. O svobode. Antologija mirovoj liberal’noj mysli (I poloviny XX veka). – M., 2000.

6. Pashukanis E. B. Izbrannye proizvedenija po obshhej teorii prava i gosudarstva. – M., 1980.

7. Saval’skij V. A. Osnovy filosofii prava v nauchnom idealizme. Magdeburskaja shkola filosofii: Kogen, Natorp, Shtammler i dr. T. 1. – M., 1909.

8. Jenciklopedija prava: Lekcii jekstraordinarnogo prof. N. A. Zvereva. 1893-1894. – M.: Lit. O-va raspr. Polez. Kn., 1899.

9. Dworkin G. The theory and practice of autonomy. –Cambridge, 1988.

10. Bratman M. Planning Agency, Autonomous. Agency // Personal Autonomy. New Essays on Personal Autonomy and Its Role in Contemporary Moral Philosophy / ed. By J.S. Taylor. – Cambridge, 2005,

11. Hare R. M. What is wrong with slavery // Philosophy and Public Affairs. – Vol. 8. No. 2. – P. 117.

The article considers the problems associated with the unification under a single concept of “advertising” both commercial advertising and cases of dissemination of socially important information of non-commercial nature. The author notes that the relations associated with the dissemination of commercial and non-commercial information need separate legal regulation, with the concept of “advertising” proposed to be used exclusively for commercial advertising activities.

According to the author, this approach will free the concept of “advertising” from the ambiguity caused by the logical contradictions currently existing in the legislation, it will allow to distinguish commercial advertising as a special phenomenon that needs a separate, special civil law regulation. The author identifies the main features of “advertising” and offers his own definition of this concept.

Keywords: advertising, advertising legislation, social advertising, political advertising, commercial activities.

1. Federal’nyj zakon ot 13.03.2006 # 38-FZ (red. Ot 08.12.2020) «O reklame» // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii. – 2006. – # 12. – St. 1232.

2. Spiridonova G. V. Reklama v sovremennoj jekonomike:teorija i praktika zarubezhnyh stran // V knige: Reklama v XXI veke: sovremennye trendy / Otv. red. R. T. Muhaev. – M.: Izdatel’stvo Moskovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta, 2014. – 156 s.

The article examines topical issues related to the determination of the legal status of a media representative, performing their professional duties in the context of conflicts abroad. A comparative analysis of the concepts of “media representative” and “journalist” is carried out, common and distinctive features are identified. The article also defines the international legal framework related to the legal status, as well as the rights and guarantees of a media representative.

Keywords: legal status of a media representative, legal status of a journalist, armed conflict, international humanitarian law.

1. Matveeva T. D. Mezhdunarodnoe pravo. Uchebnik dlja vuzov. 3-e izdanie, pererabotannoe i dopolnennoe. – Moskva: Jurajt, 2021. – 438 s.

2. Organizacija Ob”edinjonnyh Nacij. Shest’desjat pjatoe plenarnoe zasedanie, 14 dekabrja 1946g. Sm. oficial’nyj tekst na rus. jaz. // Sajt OON. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:http://daccessdds. un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/033/10/IMG/NR003310.

3. Putin V. V. 75 let Velikoj Pobedy: obshhaja otvetstvennost’ pered istoriej i budushhim. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63527.

The article is devoted to the settlement of issues of civil protection and protection of related rights from all kinds of violations committed in the Internet Space. In the conclusion of this study, the author formulates his own vision of the essence of this phenomenon, and offers recommendations for improving the institution of civil liability for violation of related rights on the Internet.

Keywords: related rights, the Internet, civil protection and liability of related rights, recommendations

1. O vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii po voprosam zashhity intellektual’nyh prav v informacionno-telekommunikacionnyh setjah: Federal’nyj zakon ot 02.07.2013 # 187-FZ // SPS «Garant». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://base.garant.ru/70405630/ (data obrashhenija: 01.12.2020).

2. Ob informacii, informacionnyh tehnologijah i o zashhite informacii: Federal’nyj zakon ot 27.07.2006 # 149-FZ (posl. red. ot 30.12.2020 # 530-FZ) // SPS «Konsul’tantPljus». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/

document/cons_doc_LAW_61798/ (data obrashhenija:01.12.2020).

3. Digital Millennium Copyright Act: Public Law # 105–304 ot 28.10.1988 // SPS «Zakonodatel’stvo stran mira». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://www.congress.gov/bill/105th-congress/housebill/2281/text (data obrashhenija: 01.12.2020).

4. Grazhdansko-processual’nyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii: Federal’nyj zakon ot 14.11.2002 #138-FZ (posl. red. ot 08.12.2020 # 429-FZ) // SPS «Konsul’tantPljus». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_39570/ (data obrashhenija: 01.12.2020).

5. Opredelenie Sudebnoj kollegii po grazhdanskim delam Verhovnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii#85-KG14-8 ot 18 nojabrja 2014 g. // SPS «Konsul’tantPljus». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/ (data obrashhenija:01.12.2020).

6. Opredelenie Sudebnoj kollegii po grazhdanskim delam Verhovnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii # 24-KG13-1 ot 12 marta 2013 g. // SPS «Konsul’tantPljus». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/ (data obrashhenija:01.12.2020).

7. Postanovlenie Suda po intellektual’nym pravam # A55-17979/2013 ot 3 sentjabrja 2014 g. // SPS «Konsul’tantPljus». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/ / (data obrashhenija:01.12.2020).

8. Valkirnyj S.S. Aktual’nye problemy zashhity avtorskih i smezhnyh prav v Internet-srede / S.S.Valkirnyj // Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo. – 2018. –# 3 (44). – S. 335-339.

9. Savel’ev A. I. Kommentarij k Federal’nomu zakonu ot 27 ijulja 2006 g. # 149-FZ «Ob informacii, informacionnyh tehnologijah i zashhite informacii» (postatejnyj). – M.: Statut, 2015. – 199 s.

In this article, the author touches upon the key provisions of the Federal Law of July 31, 2020 № 289-FZ in terms of the extrajudicial bankruptcy of a citizen by introducing a simplified procedure for recognizing him as such. In addition to these changes, the author pointed out the importance of the bill introduced by the Government of the Russian Federation, radically changing Law № 127-FZ, not only in the name itself, but in substantive aspects by excluding a number of procedural stages of bankruptcy. The study reflects the contradictory nature of the courts’ application of the stage of restructuring the debt of individuals.

Keywords: Federal Law of July 31, 2020 N 289-FZ, simplified bankruptcy procedure, debt restructuring, sale of property.

1. Federal’nyj zakon «O nesostojatel’nosti (bankrotstve)» ot 26.10.2002 # 127-FZ (poslednjaja redakcija).26 oktjabrja 2002 goda # 127-FZ // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 28 oktjabrja 2002 g. # 43 st. 4190.

2. Federal’nyj zakon ot 31.07.2020 # 289-FZ «O vnesenii izmenenij v Federal’nyj zakon «O nesostojatel’nosti (bankrotstve)» i otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii v chasti vnesudebnogo bankrotstva grazhdanina». 31 ijulja 2020 goda # 289-FZ //Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 3 avgusta 2020 g. # 31 (chast’ I) st. 5048.

3. M. Ivanov. Uproshhennoe bankrotstvo fizicheskih lic cherez MFC s 1sentjabrja2020-2021. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://pravoved.ru/journal/bakrotstvofizlic///pravoved.ru/journal/bakrotstvo-fizlic

4. NBKI: s nachala 2020 goda bankami bylo vydano 11,8 mln. potrebitel’skih kreditov. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.nbki.ru/company/news/?id=213884 (data obrashhenija: 21.02.2021).

The article discusses the features of conducting consultations in the patent field. The relevance of this study is due to the importance of innovative development in the Russian Federation, which is largely facilitated by effective and correct legal advice. As a result of considering problematic issues in this area, the author comes to the conclusion that the main goal of the consulting company management system in the patent sphere is the maximum use of the all employees resources involved in the registration of an intellectual property object. For this, an organizational and structural organization is also important, which makes it possible to carry out the tasks facing specialists as efficiently as possible.

Keywords: Intellectual property, patent, FIPS, WIPO, consulting services, innovation.

1. Baza dannyh «Jandeks.Patenty». [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: https://yandex.ru/patents (data obrashhenija: 05.12.2020).

2. Baza patentov SSSR. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://patents.su/ (data obrashhenija: 05.12.2020).

3. Egorov E.V., Ratushnaja I.V. Innovacionnoe razvitie sfery uslug. Glava 2.1. Razvitie sfery uslug s ispol’zovaniem vysokih tehnologij // Innovacionnoe razvitie sfery uslug: Uchebnoe posobie. Pod red. E.V. Egorova, T.B. Beljaevoj / Pod red. E.V. Egorov. – TEIS, g. M., 2010. S. 18-32.

4. Zhukov V.A. Sovremennye tendencii razvitija rynka konsaltingovyh uslug // Vestnik universiteta. 2017. S. 91-99.

5. Oficial’nyj sajt VOIS. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.wipo.int/patentscope/ru/ (data obrashhenija: 05.12.2020).

6. Oficial’nyj sajt FIPS. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: https://new.fips.ru/elektronnye-servisy/informatsionno-poiskovaya-sistema/index.php?sphrase_id=184 (data obrashhenija: 05.12.2020).

7. Poiskovaja sistema Evropejskogo patentnogo vedomstva. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://worldwide.espacenet.com/ (data obrashhenija: 05.12.2020).

In civil law, the violation of the exclusive right to a trademark is understood as the use of a foreign mark in relation to similar goods without the consent of the copyright holder of the mark, while an identical designation is introduced into use, consumers in this case may be misled. In this article, the author considers several civil law problems related to the abuse of the exclusive right to a trademark. The peculiarity of this offense is that the violator, on the one hand, relies on the right that belongs to him by law, while on the other hand, the implementation of the right in question can lead to infringement of the rights and interests of other persons.

Keywords: intellectual property rights, abuse of rights, trademark, copyright holder.

1. Grazhdanskij kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii (chast’ 4): Federal’nyj zakon ot 18 dekabrja 2006 g. # 230-FZ // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 2006. – # 52(chast’ 1). – St. 5496.

2. Losev S. Ohrana tovarnyh znakov: novoe v zakonodatel’stve // Nauka i innovacii. – 2016. – # 5 (159). – S. 44-48.

3. Sangadzhiev T. N. Zloupotreblenie pravom na tovarnyj znak. — Tekst: neposredstvennyj // Molodoj uchenyj. – 2019. – # 47 (285). – S. 380-382. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://moluch.ru/archive/285/64225/ (data obrashhenija: 10.04.2021).

4. Sergeeva N. Ju. Porjadok priznanija dejstvij pravoobladatelja tovarnogo znaka zloupotrebleniem pravom libo nedobrosovestnoj konkurenciej //Grazhdanin i pravo. – 2018. – # 5. – S. 56-64.

5. Suspicyna M. V. Zloupotrebljaet li pravom na tovarnyj znak pravoobladatel’, ne ispol’zujushhij ego? // Vestnik jekonomicheskogo pravosudija Rossijskoj Federacii. – 2015. – # 8. – S. 15-19.

6. Frolova N. Osparivanie predstavlenija pravovoj ohrany tovarnomu znaku v sluchae zloupotreblenija pravom i nedobrosovestnoj konkurencii // Intellektual’naja sobstvennost’. Promyshlennaja sobstvennost’. – 2014. – # 6. – S. 5-13.

The article deals with the problems of legal regulation of the use of escrow accounts in housing finance. The issues of choosing an authorized bank by the developer are highlighted. Some controversial aspects of escrow accounts are analyzed. The monetary obligations of the participants in the construction to the developer are described.

Keywords: escrow account agreement, legal regulation, financing of residential construction, enforcement of obligations, authorized bank, civil law.

1. Brjuhov R. B. Ponjatie dispozitivnosti v rossijskom grazhdanskom prave // Biznes, menedzhment i pravo. – 2006. – # 1. – S. 85.

 

The article, along with the ongoing analysis of the legislative content of the legal concepts of conflict of interest and the personal interest of military officials with the participation of military organizations in the property turnover, proposes measures to implement the algorithm of their settlement as part of the system of legal means of preventing corruption in military organizations.

Keywords: conflict of interest, personal interest, preventive measures, military administration, military organizations, property turnover.

1. O protivodejstvii korrupcii: federal’nyj zakon ot 25 dekabrja 2008 g. # 273-FZ (red. Ot 24.04.2020), st. 10. // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 2008. – # 52. – St. 6828.

2. O komissijah po sobljudeniju trebovanij k sluzhebnomu povedeniju federal’nyh gosudarstvennyh sluzhashhih i uregulirovaniju konflikta interesov: ukaz Prezidenta Rossijskoj Federacii ot 1 ijulja 2010 g. # 821 // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 2010. – # 27. – St. 3446.

3. O porjadke soobshhenija licami, zameshhajushhimi otdel’nye gosudarstvennye dolzhnosti Rossijskoj Federacii, dolzhnosti federal’noj gosudarstvennoj sluzhby, i inymi licami o vozniknovenii lichnoj zainteresovannosti pri ispolnenii dolzhnostnyh objazannostej, kotoraja privodit ili mozhet privesti k konfliktu interesov, i o vnesenii izmenenij v nekotorye akty Prezidenta Rossijskoj Federacii: ukaz Prezidenta Rossijskoj Federacii ot 22 dekabrja 2015 g. # 650 //Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 2015. – # 52. –St. 7588.

4. Ob utverzhdenii Porjadka soobshhenija o poluchenii podarka v svjazi s protokol’nymi meroprijatijami, sluzhebnymi komandirovkami i drugimi oficial’nymi meroprijatijami, uchastie v kotoryh svjazano s ispolneniem sluzhebnyh (dolzhnostnyh) objazannostej (reglamentov), sdacha i ocenka podarka, realizacii (vykupa) i zachislenii sredstv, vyruchennyh ot ego realizacii: prikaz Federal’noj sluzhby vojsk nacional’noj gvardii Rossijskoj Federacii ot 6 fevralja 2017g. # 39 // Spravochnaja pravovaja sistema «Konsul’tantPljus: Zakonodatel’stvo» (data obrashhenija:20.03.2021).

5. Ob utverzhdenii Porjadka uvedomlenija voennosluzhashhimi vojsk nacional’noj gvardii Rossijskoj Federacii, licami, prohodjashhimi sluzhbu v vojskah nacional’noj gvardii Rossijskoj Federacii i imejushhimi special’nye zvanija policii, o vozniknovenii lichnoj zainteresovannosti pri ispolnenii dolzhnostnyh (sluzhebnyh) objazannostej, kotoraja privodit ili mozhet privesti k konfliktu interesov: prikaz Federal’noj sluzhby vojsk nacional’noj gvardii Rossijskoj Federacii ot 13 fevralja 2017 g. # 48 //

Spravochnaja pravovaja sistema «Konsul’tantPljus:Zakonodatel’stvo» (data obrashhenija: 20.03.2021).

The aim of the study is to find ways to improve the civil and banking legislation of the Russian Federation in the digital economy.

It presents the specificity of transactions made via a digital platform. The article deals with the problems of confirming the execution of transactions in electronic form. The study is based on the authors concept of transactions made via a digital platform in the Russian Federation.

Keywords: digital banking, digital economy, transaction, digital footprints of facts, principle of freedom of contract.

1. Abova T. E. Sdelki v rossijskom grazhdanskom prave. Priznanie ih nedejstvitel’nymi // Sdelki /Otv. red. T. E. Abova. – M., 2006. – 212 s.

2. Vajl P. Cifrovaja transformacija biznesa: Izmenenie biznes modeli dlja organizacii novogo pokolenija / Piter Vajl, Stefani Vorner; Per. s angl.– M., 2019. – 257 s.

3. Vilkova N. G. Dogovornoe pravo v mezhdunarodnom oborote. – M., 2004 // Konsul’tant pljus.

4. Grin’ O. S., Grin’ E. S., Solov’ev A. V. Pravovaja konstrukcija smart-kontrakta: juridicheskaja priroda i sfera primenenija // Lex Russica. – 2018. –# 8 //SPS Konsul’tant pljus.

5. Ermakova E. P. Islamskij banking v Malajzii //Trudy instituta gosudarstva i prava RAN. – 2017. –# 12. – S. 182-195.

6. Zankovskij S. S. Predprinimatel’skie dogovory v Rossii. Problemy teorii i zakonodatel’stva: avtoreferat dis. … doktora juridicheskih nauk: 12.00.03 /In-t gosudarstva i prava RAN. – M, 2004. – 56 s.

7. Zankovskij S. S., Djatko G. V. O ponjatii predprinimatel’skogo dogovora // Predprinimatel’skoe pravo. – 2016. – # 3. – S. 4 – 6.

8. IT-ministry stran Sojuza zajavili o neobhodimosti sozdanija cifrovoj platformy EAJeS. –[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: www.eurasiancommission.org. Evrazijskaja jekonomicheskaja komissija. Novosti i sobytija. Novosti. 7 oktjabrja 2020 g. (data obrashhenija: 21.01.2021).

9. Laptev V. V. Predprinimatel’skoe (hozjajstvennoe) pravo. Izbrannye trudy. – Ekaterinburg, 2008. – 536 s.

10. Moazed A. Platforma: prakticheskoe primenenie revoljucionnoj biznes modeli / Aleks Moazed, Nikolas Dzhonson; Per. s angl. – M., 2019. – 288 s.

11. Obzor The Boston Consulting Group cit. po: Butrin D. Fizika cifrovogo prostranstva // Kommersant”.– 28.06.2019. – # 111. – S. 2.

12. Sadikov O. N. Voprosy grazhdanskogo prava i mezhdunarodnogo chastnogo prava: Izbrannye trudy. –M., 2015. – 768 s.

13. Sadikov O. N. Koncepcija razvitija grazhdanskogo zakonodatel’stva // Koncepcii razvitija grazhdanskogo zakonodatel’stva / Pod. red. T. Ja. Habrievoj, Ju. A. Tihomirova, Ju. P. Orlovskogo. – M., 2004. – 848 s.

14. Smolina O. S. Koncepcija sdelok posredstvom cifrovoj platformy v svete sovershenstvovanija Grazhdanskogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2019. – # 8. – S. 120-126.

15. Smolina O. S. Kreditnye sdelki mezhdu grazhdanami i bankami v uslovijah cifrovogo bankinga: priznanie ih nesostojavshimisja i nedejstvitel’nymi// Bankovskoe pravo. – 2019. – # 3. – S. 23-29.

16. Smolina O. S., Tarasova I. N. Kreditnye sdelki posredstvom cifrovoj platformy: svoboda dogovora i ego formy // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal.– 2020. – # 2. – S. 210-213.

17. Jekmaljan A. M. Bankovskaja sistema i voprosy nacional’noj bezopasnosti Rossijskoj Federacii //Trudy instituta gosudarstva i prava RAN. – 2017.– # 12. – S. 127-148.

18. Ramberg Jan. International Commercial Transactions. Fourth Edition. ICC Publication # 711E / Jan Ramberg; Per. s angl. pod red. N. G. Vilkovoj. – M.: Infotropik Media, 2011 // Konsul’tant pljus.

19. Shivakumar S. K., Sethii S. Building Digital Experience Platforms: A Guide to Developing Next-Generation Enterprise Applications. – Apress. – 2019. – 378 p.

As part of the comprehensive revision of the Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus, the substantive and conflict-of-laws rules on legal entities are being updated. The article analyzes the key changes, assesses their effectiveness, including from the point of view of taking into account the law enforcement practice and the unification of the legislation of the EAEU member States, identifies aspects that require special attention of law-making bodies.

Keywords: legal entity, commercial organizations, non-profit organizations, organizational and legal forms of legal entities, the statute of a legal entity, the law applicable to the agreement on the exercise of the rights of a company participant.

1. Kuznecova N. S. Ponjattja i klasifikacijajuridichnihosib u civil’nomupravi Ukraїni: teorija i praktika. V: Kuznecova N. S. Vibranipraci. – Kiїv: Juridichnapraktika, 2014. – S. 348.

2. Salej A. Organizuem biznes odnim licom: prakticheskie aspekty vybora / A. Salej, Ju. Shuba //Jurist. – 2019. – # 1. – S. 15-20.

3. Salej E. A, Careva L. V. Sovershenstvovanie kollizionnogo zakonodatel’stva o juridicheskih licah v svete reformirovanija Grazhdanskogo kodeksa Respubliki Belarus’ // Pravo.by. – 2018. – # 4. – S. 18-22.

4. Salej E. A. Institut juridicheskogo lica v Grazhdanskom kodekse Respubliki Belarus’: sostojanie i perspektivy razvitija // Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo = Journal of the Belarusian State University. Law. – 2019. – # 1. – S. 23-31.

5. Suhanov E. A. O koncepcii razvitija zakonodatel’stva o juridicheskih licah // Zhurnal Rossijskogo prava. – 2010. – # 1. – S. 7.

6. Suhanov E. A. O sistematike juridicheskih lic v sovremennom rossijskom prave // Kodifikacija rossijskogo chastnogo prava 2019 / V. V. Vitrjanskij, S.Ju. Golovina, B. M. Gongalo i dr.; pod red. D. A. Medvedeva. – M.: Statut, 2019. – S. 83-96 // Konsul’tant-Pljus. Rossija / ZAO «Konsul’tantPljus». – M., 2020.

7. Suhanov E. A. Reforma Grazhdanskogo kodeksa RF i problemy sovremennogo razvitija rossijskogo grazhdanskogo prava // Pravovoe regulirovanie osushhestvlenija i zashhity prav fizicheskih i juridicheskih lic: materialy Mezhdun. nauch.-prakt. konf., posvjashh. 90-letiju prof. V. F. Chigira (Minsk, 4-5 nojabrja 2014 g.) / redkol.: I. N. Koljadko (gl. red.) [i

dr.]. – Minsk: Pravo i jekonomika, 2014. – S. 226-232.

 

This article analyzes the concept of apartments, as well as their legal status. The pros and cons of this type of real estate, their differences from some types of residential premises are considered. Attention is paid to the relevance of this issue, as well as the importance of this type of real estate for the Russian Federation.

Keywords: real estate, apartments, legal status, housing, non-residential premises

1. Zhilishhnyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 29.12.2004 # 188-FZ (red. ot 30.12.2020) (s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 02.01.2021) 29 dekabrja 2004 goda # 188-FZ. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_51057/(data obrashhenija: 19.01.2021).

2. «Apartamenty» – novoe slovo v nedvizhimosti. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.garant.ru/article/567202/ (data obrashhenija:19.01.2021).

3. Bashirina E. N., Firsova N. V. Prekrashhenie prava obshhej dolevoj sobstvennosti na neznachitel’nuju dolju v prave sobstvennosti na zhiloe pomeshhenie:problemy praktiki // Doklady Bashkirskogo universiteta. – 2017. – T. 2. – # 3. – S. 531-534.

4. Bashirina E. N., Firsova N. V. Dogovor ob ipoteke: teorija i praktika primenenija // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – # 2 (117). – 2018. – S. 141-142.

5. Bashirina E. N., Firsova N. V. Priznanie dogovora ipoteki nedejstvitel’nym: spornye momenty juridicheskoj praktiki // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – # 3 (106). – 2017. – S. 187-189.

6. Bashirina E. N., Firsova N. V. Uproshhennyj porjadok registracii ob”ektov nedvizhimosti // Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal gumanitarnyh i estestvennyh nauk. – # 10-3 (46). – 2020. – S. 129-131.

7. Klec P. V. Principy ukreplenija prav na nedvizhimost’ // Pravovoe gosudarstvo: teorija i praktika.- 2020. – T. 16. – # 4 (62). – Ch. 1. – 2020. – S. 199-211.

8. Bashirina E. N., Firsova N. V., Nikerina T. A. Osobennosti dogovora ipoteki po sovremennomu rossijskomu zakonodatel’stvu // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – # 3 (142). – 2020. – S. 164-167.

9. Postanovleniem Plenuma VAS RF ot 23 ijulja 2009g. # 64 «O nekotoryh voprosah praktiki rassmotrenija sporov o pravah sobstvennikov pomeshhenij na obshhee imushhestvo zdanija». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: https://base.garant.ru/12168770/ (data obrashhenija: 19.01.2021).

The article discusses changes in legislation and the introduction of emergency measures to support families with children as a social policy of the state to preserve the normal life of civil society in the context of restrictions imposed in connection with coronavirus infection.

Keywords: social support, lockdown, legislation, families with children, social benefits, restrictions.

1. Federal’nyj zakon ot 08.06.2020 # 166-FZ «O vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii v celjah prinjatija neotlozhnyh mer, napravlennyh na obespechenie ustojchivogo razvitija jekonomiki i predotvrashhenie posledstvij rasprostranenija novoj koronavirusnoj infekcii». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202006080011 (data obrashhenija: 06.02.2021).

2. Obzor mezhdunarodnoj praktiki podderzhki jekonomiki i naselenija v uslovijah bor’by s pandemiej koronavirusa v Armenii, Velikobritanii, Germanii, Danii, Ispanii, Italii, Kazahstane, Kitae, Niderlandah, SShA, Finljandii, Francii, Shvecii, Juzhnoj Koree, Japonii, kollektiv avtorov pod obshhej redakciej O. V. Sinjavskoj, podgotovlen 27.04.2020, Institut social’noj politiki NIU VShJe. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://isp.hse.ru/data/2020/04/29/1544579194/COVID-19_stimulus%20packages_countries260420.pdf(data obrashhenija: 06.02.2021).

The article is devoted to the theoretical and legal analysis of option schemes for stimulating the work of employees of commercial organizations. Attention is drawn to the origin of this institution in the United States, as an economic and legal system leading in the use of option programs. The positive aspects of the use of option schemes for stimulating the work of employees of business companies are named. The directions of improvement of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus in the settlement of the institute analyzed in the article are revealed.

Keywords: option programs, option labor incentive schemes, Employee Stock Ownership Plans ( ESOP), authorized capital, business companies, commercial legal entities.

1. Voronchuk I. O. Rukovoditel’ i upravljajushhij: voprosy oplaty truda i rabochego vremeni. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

2. Dolinskaja V. V. Trud i akcionernyj kapital.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus»..

3. Zhilevskij D. V. Pervichnoe publichnoe predlozhenie akcij neogranichennomu krugu lic (Initial Public Offering, IPO). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

4. Murashko E. V. Sdelki s otlozhennym perehodom prava na dolju v ustavnom fonde. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

5. Pozdneeva T. Opciony dlja sotrudnikov: na chto obratit’ vnimanie. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://vmp.by/publications/optsiony-dlyasotrudnikov-belarus/.

6. Employee-Owned America. [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: https://employeeownedamerica.com/2019/01/07/how-louis-kelso-invented-the-esop/.

7. ESOP (Employee Stock Ownership Plan) Facts. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.esop.org.

8. The Origin and History of the ESOP and Its Future Role as a Business Succession Tool. [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: https://www.menke.com/esop-archives/the-origin-and-history-of-the-esop-and-its-future-role-as-a-business-succession-tool/.

The subject of the research in the article is the role and content of good faith in user agreements concluded between companies that control social networks and their customers, in accordance with the law of the United States of America. The interest in this topic is caused primarily by the resonant event on the blocking of the social accounts of the US President D. Trump. However, the problem of abuse of social networks of the immunity granted to them by section 230 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, on the basis of which IT companies unilaterally restrict access to pages to customers and censor their content at their discretion, has long been overdue. The author notes that current US law requires that the actions of social networks do not violate the general idea of the implied covenant on good faith and fair dealing.

It is proposed to evaluate the content of the doctrine of bona fide behavior of the participants of the user agreement, through the prism of the theory of the return of lost opportunities and the theory of the excluder. Taking into account the peculiarities of the common law system, reference was made to case law. In this connection, the author in his research refers to the judicial precedents adopted in American courts regarding the general concept of good faith. Using the example of judicial practice, an attempt is made to highlight the content of the requirements for good faith in user agreements, and the assumption is made that the requirements of bona fide are recognized as an assumed obligation for this type of contract. In addition, the article presents a critical view on the applicability of these theories to the idea of limiting the immunity of social networks.

The methodological basis of the study is based on the comparative legal method, which allows us to compare similar legal categories and legal phenomena. This methodological technique allowed us to come to conclusions based on the identification of common features of the studied concepts.

Results: The main conclusions of the study are to identify the role and content of good faith in user agreements with social networks, as well as to describe the key concepts of the theory of the implied covenant on good faith and fair dealing in US law. The author presents illustrative examples of court decisions establishing the relationship of good faith and the user agreement with social networks, as well as their interaction with section 230 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 and establishing the requirement to limit the immunity of social networks through the use of standards of good faith.

Keywords: good faith, honesty, fair dealing, social networks, user agreement, Trump, USA, telecommunications, section 230, blocking, social account.

1. Allan E. Farnsworth, ‘Good Faith in Contract Performance’ in Jack Beatson and Daniel Friedman (eds), Good Faith and Fault in Contract Law (1995), 2002, at 155.

2. Allan E. Farnsworth, Duties of Good Faith and Fair Dealing Under the UNIDROIT Principles, Relevant International Conventions, and National Laws, 1995, 3 Tulane Journal of International and Comparative Law 47, at 54, 56.

3. Allan E. Farnsworth, Farnsworth on Contracts, 2nd ed, 1998, Vol. 1, at 41-42.

4. Allan E. Farnsworth, Farnsworth on Contracts, 2nd ed, 1998, Vol. 2, at 378-379.

5. Allan E. Farnsworth, Good Faith Performance and Commercial Reasonableness Under the Uniform Commercial Code, 30 University of Chicago Law Review 666, 1963, at 671.

6. Anthony Mason, The Use and Abuse of Precedent, 4 Australian Bar Review 93, 1988, at 108.

7. Diamond T. A. & Howard Foss, Proposed Standards for Evaluating When the Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing Has Been Violated: A Framework for Resolving the Mystery, 47 Hastings Law Journal 585, 1996, at 591-592.

8. Dubroff H. The Implied Covenant of Good Faith in Contract Interpretation and Gap Filling: Reviving a Revered Relic, 80 St John’s Law Review 559, 2006, at 561.

9. Emily M. S. Houh, The Doctrine of Good Faith in Contract Law: A (Nearly) Empty Vessel?, Utah Law Review 1, 2005, at 7.

10. Judge H. F. Goodrich, ‘Restatement and Codification’ in Alison Reppy (ed), David Dudley Field Centenary Essays, 1949, at 244.

11. Meadows R. L., R.A. Hakes and S.L. Sepinuck, 2006 Uniform Commercial Code Survey: Introduction, 62 The Business Lawyer 1555, 2007.

12. Miller Alan D. and Perry Ronen, Good Faith Performance, Iowa Law Review, Vol. 98, 2012, at 699.

13. Priestley L. J., A Guide to a Comparison of Australian and United States Contract Law, 12 University of New South Wales Law Journal 4, 1989, at 5.

14. Robert S. Summers, “Good Faith” in General Contract Law and the Sales Provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, 54 Virginia Law Review 195, 1968, at 220-221, 226, 234-243, 262.

15. Roscoe Pound, Jurisprudence, Vol. 1, West Publishing Company, 1959, at 413.

16. Steven J. Burton, Breach of Contract and the Common Law Duty To Perform in Good Faith, 94 Harvard Law Review 369, 1980, at 369, 372-374, 373, 378, 387, 390-391, 403.

17. Van M. P. Alstine, Of Textualism, Party Autonomy, and Good Faith, 40 William & Mary Law Review 1223, 1999, at 1228, 1230.

 

In the article, the authors consider the activities of transport companies in cooperation with agricultural enterprises in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The main studies relate to the

institution of civil liability of contractors in emergency situations or under conditions of impossibility to fulfill obligations from transport contracts. Legal States are faced with the need to immediately close their borders. The transportation of agricultural products and ready-made food products remains in question. The legislation was not ready for the realities of the new time, and the legislator was left with the problem of urgent introduction of changes to the basic laws of the state, while trying not to destroy the economic system of the country and preserve the transport system of the state.

Keywords: compensation for damage, civil liability, agricultural complex, transportation, restrictions, legislation.

1. V Gosdume predlagajut priznat’ sel’skoe hozjajstvo postradavshej ot koronavirusa otrasl’ju.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://agrarii-com.turbopages.org/agrarii.com/s/v-gosdumepredlagajut-priznat-selskoe-hozjajstvo-postradavshejot-koronavirusa-otraslju/?utm_source=turbo_turbo(data obrashhenija: 18.02.2021).

2. Zerno pol’etsja novoj neft’ju. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://rg.ru/2020/05/26/rossijskomu-selskomu-hoziajstvu-predpisanosovershit-novyj-ryvok.html (data obrashhenija:18.02.2021).

3. Ivakin V. I., Karas’kina M. S. Grazhdansko-pravovaja otvetstvennost’ v agrarnom prave / Juridicheskaja otvetstvennost’ v sel’skom hozjajstve. OGAU. -2007. – # 1 (25). – S. 66-80.

4. Shanges in transport activity regulation in the context of the coronavirus pandemic (Izmenenija v regulirovanii transportnoj dejatel’nosti v kontekste pandemii koronavirusa.) Maksim Mahiboroda, Ekaterina Anan’eva i Ing. Petr Doucek // E3s Web of Conf. Tom 222, 2020 Mezhdunarodnaja nauchno-prakticheskaja konferencija “Razvitie agropromyshlennogo kompleksa v uslovijah robotizacii i cifrovizacii proizvodstva v Rossii i za rubezhom” (DAIC 2020).

The presented scientific article is devoted to topical issues of domestic civil law. The Constitution of the Russian Federation states that the property right of local self-government bodies is an independent type of property. However, industry legislation reveals norms that, in the author’s opinion, do not correspond to these principles. The author believes that the identified gaps have historical roots, as a result of the development of the institution of municipal property law.

Keywords: рroperty, municipality, local self-government bodies, municipal propert

1. Grimm D. D. Rimskoe chastnoe pravo. – Riga, 1899. Izdanie pererabotano. Iz-vo Pravovaja biblioteka Legal-Pravo. – M., 2019.

2. Isaev V. A. Istorija gosudarstva i prava Rossii. Polnyj kurs lekcij. – M., 1998.

3. Istorija razvitija instituta gosudarstvennoj i municipal’noj sobstvennosti v Rossijskoj Federacii /pod red. Nesterova V. I. – M., 2013.

The author considers extrajudicial mechanisms of protection of the violated human rights in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity in the present article. Analysing extrajudicial mechanisms of protection the author emphasizes such mechasims as notary, mediation, pretentious disoute resolution procedure, arbitral tribunal. Also we can add to this list of extrajudicial mechanisms of protection of entrepreneurial rights such mechanisms as administrative protection, institute of ombudsman, prosecutorial suprevision, insurance coverage, selfdefence, etc.

Keywords: entrepreneurial activity, right violated in entrepreneurial sphere, mechanisms of protection, extrajudicial protection, notary protection, arbitral tribunal, mediation, administrative protection, ombudsman.

1. Dzhafarov Dzh. N. Voprosy pravovogo regulirovanija predprinimatel’skoj dejatel’nosti // Aktual’nye problemy gosudarstvennogo i pravovogo stroitel’stva. Sbornik nauchnyh statej. 8-oj vypusk.– Baku: Adil’oglu, 2004. – S. 143-149.

2. Magerramov F. M. Konstitucionno-pravovye osnovy gosudarstvennoj politiki v sfere investicij:Dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. – Baku, 2013. – 166 s. (na azerb. jaz.)

3. Tumanov V. A. Sudebnye sistemy zapadnyh gosudarstv. – M.: Nauka, 1991. – 240 s.

The article analyzes the views of a number of scientists regarding the terminological purity of the

use of the concepts of control and supervision in legislative acts. The author’s view on the content of these concepts is offered. Attention is drawn to the possibility of a threat to legally protected values

in the context of a risk-based approach as a result of the release of self-regulatory organizations from routine inspections by control and supervisory bodies. Proposals are made to eliminate possible manifestations of mutual responsibility when transferring the functions of the control body to the executive management body of a self-regulating organization.

Keywords: risk-based approach, control, supervision, routine inspection, control and supervisory authority.

1. Beljaev V. P. Kontrol’ i nadzor: problemy razgranichenija // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. – 2017. – # 4. – S. 199-207.

2. Kudilinskij M. N. Kontrol’ kak vid gosudarstvenno-upravlencheskoj dejatel’nosti. Sootnoshenie ponjatij «kontrol’» i «nadzor» // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. – 2015. – # 8. – S. 47-52.

3. Makarejko N. V. Risk-orientirovannyj podhod pri osushhestvlenii kontrolja i nadzora // Juridicheskaja tehnika. – 2019. – # 13. – S. 225-229.

4. Martynov A. V. Risk-orientirovannyj kontrol’ i nadzor: ponjatie soderzhanie i osnovnye napravlenija v sushhestvujushhuju praktiku // Aktual’nye voprosy kontrolja i nadzora v social’no znachimyh v sferah dejatel’nosti obshhestva i gosudarstva: Materialy ΙΙ Vserosijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii (Rossija, Nizhnij Novgorod, 9-10 ijunja 2016. – S. 310-320.

5. Orlova O. E. Risk-orientirovannyj podhod i oblasti ego primenenija // Rukovoditel’ avtonomnogo uchrezhdenija. – 2017. – # 10 – S. 37-46.

The vector of the political course of the President of the Russian Federation is aimed at developing and maintaining a high level of entrepreneurial activity, as well as eliminating pressure on business structures. To this end, the Office of the Commissioner for the Protection of the Rights of Entrepreneurs was established, whose activities are aimed at protecting the rights and legitimate interests of business entities. The authors analyze the legal situation of the business ombudsman, the mechanism of interaction with government structures and civil society institutions, and also highlight the shortcomings of the legislation governing the activities of the Commissioner for the Protection of the Rights of Entrepreneurs.

Keywords: business ombudsman, commissioner, business, rights protection, guarantees, business community.

1. Vystuplenie V. V. Putina na rasshirennom zasedanii kollegii General’noj Prokuratury RF. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://opora.ru/news/vladimirputin-effektivnaya-zashchita-pravpredprinimateleypredprinimatelskikh-svobod-eto-vazhneysh.html (data obrashhenija: 26.02.2021).

2. Doklad Upolnomochennogo po zashhite prav predprinimatelej Prezidentu RF za 2020 g. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://doklad.ombudsmanbiz.ru/2020/1.pdf (data obrashhenija: 26.02.2021).

3. Mashekuasheva M. H., Geljahova L. A. Pravovoe regulirovanie obrabotki personal’nyh dannyh v Rossii // Problemy jekonomiki i juridicheskoj praktiki. – 2020. – T.16. – # 5. – S. 207-211.

4. Fadeeva V. A. Institut Upolnomochennogo po zashhite prav predprinimatelej v RF // Izvestija Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaja serija. Serija: Jekonomika. Upravlenie. Pravo. – 2013. – T. 13. – # 4-2.

5. Julija Strekozova poblagodarila Borisa Titova za sodejstvie v prekrashhenii ugolovnogo presledovanija.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.nocorruption.biz/julija-strekozova-poblagodarila-boris/ (data obrashhenija: 26.02.2021).

This article examines the importance of the risk-based approach in the mechanism of procedural guarantees of taxpayers. The author investigates the preconditions for the concept of a risk-based approach. Particular attention is paid to the application of a riskbased approach when conducting field tax audits. The author concludes that the risk-based approach plays a significant role in ensuring the balance of private and public interests.

Keywords: tax, tax legal proceeding, tax procedure, risk-based approach, field tax audit.

1. Federal’nyj zakon ot 26.12.2008 # 294-FZ «O zashhite prav juridicheskih lic i individual’nyh predprinimatelej pri osushhestvlenii gosudarstvenngo kontrolja (nadzora) i municipal’nogo kontrolja»// SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus».

2. Prikaz FNS Rossii ot 30.05.2007 # MM-3-06/333@«Ob utverzhdenii Koncepcii sistemy planirovanija vyezdnyh nalogovyh proverok» // SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus».

3. <Pis’mo> FNS Rossii ot 25.07.2013 # AS-4-2/13622«O rekomendacijah po provedeniju vyezdnyh nalogovyh proverok» // SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus».

4. Prikaz FNS Rossii ot 16.06.2017 # MMV-7-15/509@«Ob utverzhdenii Trebovanij k organizacii sistemy vnutrennego kontrolja» (Zaregistrirovano v Minjuste Rossii 04.10.2017 # 48424) // SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus».

5. Prikaz FNS Rossii ot 30.05.2007 # MM-3-06/333@«Ob utverzhdenii Koncepcii sistemy planirovanija vyezdnyh nalogovyh proverok» // SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus».

6. Munawer Sultan Khwaja, Raju Awasthi, Loeprick. Riskbased tax audits: Approaches and country experience. Washington, DC: World Bank. 2011. p. 156.

7. Federal’naja nalogovaja sluzhba Rossijskoj Federacii: [sajt]. «Risk-orientirovannyj podhod pri provedenii vyezdnyh nalogovyh proverok». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.nalog.ru/rn38/about_fts/knd/4kv18/8213131/.

8. Postanovlenie Arbitrazhnogo suda Volgo-Vjatskogo okruga ot 19.02.2018 # F01-6649/2017 po delu # A38-5998/2017 // SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus».

9. Opredelenie Verhovnogo Suda RF ot 29.05.2018 # 301-KG18-6270 po delu # A38-5998/2017) // SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus».

10. Postanovlenie Arbitrazhnogo suda Ural’skogo okruga ot 03.07.2020 # F09-2976/20 po delu # A34-8967/2017 // SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus».

11. Opredelenie Konstitucionnogo Suda RF ot

12.07.2006 # 267-O «Po zhalobe otkrytogo akcionernogo obshhestva «Vostoksibjelektroset’stroj» na narushenie konstitucionnyh prav i svobod polozhenijami chastej tret’ej i chetvertoj stat’i 88, punkta 1 stat’i 101 Nalogovogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii i chasti 4 stat’i 200 Arbitrazhnogo processual’nogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii» // SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus».

12. James Alm, Roy Bahl, Matthew N. Murray. Audit Selection and Income Tax Underreporting in the Tax Compliance Game, Journal of Development Economics # 42 (1). 1993. pp. 1-33.

13. James Alm, Calvin Blackwell, Michael Mckee. Audit Selection and Firm Compliance with a Broad-based Sales Tax. National Tax Journal # 57. 2004. pp. 209-227.

14. Charles Vellutini. Key Principles of Risk-Based Audits, in Risk-based tax audits: Approaches and country experience. Munawer Sultan Khwaja, Raju Awasthi, Loeprick (eds.). Washington, DC: World Bank. 2011. p. 156.

15. OECD. Compliance risk management: managing and improving tax compliance. OECD Publishing. Paris. 2004. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://www.oecd.org/tax/administration/33818656.pdf(data obrashhenija: 09.03.2021).

16. OECD. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. OECD Publishing. Paris. 2004. [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: http://www.oecd.org/corporate/ca/corporategovernanceprinciples/ 31557724.pdf (data obrashhenija: 09.03.2021).

17. OECD. Information Note General Administrative Principles: Corporate governance and tax risk management. Forum on tax administration. OECD Publishing. Paris. 2009. [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: https://www.oecd.org/tax/administration/43239887.pdf (data obrashhenija:09.03.2021).

18. OECD. Co-operative Tax Compliance: Building Better Tax Control Frameworks. OECD Publishing. Paris. 2016. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264253384-en (data obrashhenija: 09.03.2021).

19. IFAC. International standard on auditing 700 (revised) forming an opinion and reporting on financial statements. IFAC. New York. 2015. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.ifac.org/system/files/publications/files/ISA-700-Revised_8.pdf (data obrashhenija: 09.03.2021).

20. ISO. ISO 31000:2018 Risk management — Guidelines. ISO. 2018. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://www.iso.org/standard/65694.html (data obrashhenija: 09.03.2021).

21. COSO. Enterprise risk management Integrating with strategy and performance. COSO. 2017. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.coso.org/Documents/2017-COSO-ERM-Integrating-with-Strategy-and-Performance-Executive-Summary.pdf(data obrashhenija: 09.03.2021).

The article reveals the concept of «financial control», identifies problems in the implementation of its functions. The authors see an effective way to overcome the identified problems in the implementation of audit financial control, which allows you to predict possible

difficulties and carry out their prevention. In this regard, the authors reveal the system of legal regulation of audit financial control, focusing readers ‘ attention on the features of this process.

Keywords: financial control, audit financial control, system of normative legal acts regulating legal relations in the course of audit financial control, business activity, competition, remuneration relations.

1. Avetisjan I.A. O gosudarstvennom finansovom kontrole v sovremennoj Rossii // Jekonomicheskie i social’nye peremeny v regione: fakty, tendencii, prognoz. 2006. Vyp. 34. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/o-gosudarstvennom-finansovom-kontrole-vsovremennoy-rossii (data obrashhenija: 12.03.2021).

2. Burcev V.V. Organizacija sistemy gosudarstvennogo finansovogo kontrolja v Rossijskoj Federacii: Teorija i praktika. – M.: Izdatel’sko-torgovaja korporacija «Dashkov i K», 2002. – 494 s.

3. ZevaikinaA.N. Auditorskij finansovyj kontrol’ v Rossijskoj Federacii: dis. na soisk. uch.st. k.ju.n.– M., 2005.

4. Kozyrin A.N. Finansovyj kontrol’ // Finansovoe pravo/ Pod red. prof. O. N. Gorbunovoj. – M.:Jurist”, 1996. – 399 s. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://lawbook.online/page/finpravo/ist/ist-27–idz-ax318–nf-11.html (data obrashhenija:12.03.2021).

5. Malikova A.H. Vlijanie bjudzhetno-finansovoj politiki na problemy obespechenija dostojnoj zhizni // Razvitie rynka truda na sovremennom jetape social’no-jekonomicheskih preobrazovanij: sbornik statej III Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj

konferencii – Penza: RIO PGAU, 2020. – 110 s. –S.52-55.

6. Sorokina N.A., Gavrilov D.R. Sravnenie audita v Rossii i za rubezhom. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/ (data obrashhenija: 23.03.2021).

This scientific article is devoted to the theoretical problems of the institution of state financial control, which are associated with the differentiation of the concepts of “budgetary control” and “state financial control”, as well as with the disclosure of existing forms and methods of exercising control activities in the budgetary sphere. When writing the work, methods of general logic were used, such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction and generalization. A special role was played by special scientific methods:the method of interpretation of law and the formal legal method. The aim of the study is to resolve the basic problems in the theory of budgetary control and establish a uniform understanding of the corresponding terminology in the doctrine of financial law. As a result of the study, the author proposed specific ways to effectively resolve the above problems.

Keywords: budget control, state financial control, external control, internal control, form of control, methods of control, preliminary control, subsequent control, theory of budget control.

1. Bjudzhetnoe pravo Rossii: Kurs lekcij / I.I. Kucherov. M.: Centr JurInfoR, 2002.

2. Il’in A.Ju., Careva O.E., Andreev S.A. Vidy, formy i metody gosudarstvennogo finansovogo kontrolja v bjudzhetnoj sfere // Finansovoe pravo. 2016.# 5. S. 24-31.

3. Kosarev Viktor Sergeevich Ponjatie bjudzhetnogo kontrolja v Rossijskoj Federacii // Sovremennaja nauka. 2011. # 4. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/ponyatiebyudzhetnogo-kontrolya-v-rossiyskoy-federatsii (data

obrashhenija: 11.03.2021).

4. L’vova I.G. K voprosu o klassifikacii vidov finansovogo kontrolja // Sibirskoe juridicheskoe obozrenie. 2014. # 4 (25). [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kvoprosu-o-klassifikatsii-vidov-finansovogo-kontrolya(data obrashhenija: 13.03.2021).

5. Pronin Aleksandr Borisovich Osnovnye napravlenija sovershenstvovanija mehanizma pravovogo regulirovanija bjudzhetnogo kontrolja v Rossijskoj Federacii // Vestnik Universiteta imeni O. E. Kutafina. 2016. # 6 (22). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osnovnye-napravleniya-sovershenstvovaniyamehanizma-pravovogo-regulirovaniya-byudzhetnogokontrolya-

v-rossiyskoy-federatsii (data obrashhenija:13.03.2021).

6. Sistemnost’ bjudzhetnogo kontrolja i bjudzhetnogo audita v Rossijskoj Federacii: finansovo-pravovoe regulirovanie: avtoreferat dis. … doktora juridicheskih nauk: 12.00.04; [Mesto zashhity: Mosk.gos. jurid. akad. im. O.E. Kutafina]. M., 2014.

7. Harchenko V.A. Teoreticheskie osnovy bjudzhetnogo kontrolja // Jekonomika stroitel’stva i prirodopol’zovanija. 2017. # 2 (63). [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/teoreticheskie-osnovy-byudzhetnogo-kontrolya (data

obrashhenija: 22.02.2021).

The scope of the study is the analysis of provisions of the Russian Federation Tax Code with respect to certain tax elements and criteria for the taxation of items classified as luxury. The author reveals the legal content of taxing luxurious items on the example of transport tax and property tax of individuals. Through the analysis of the Russian Federation Tax Code and the case law, it is concluded that there are mechanisms for taxing luxury items within the framework of certain taxes, including the tax on the profit of organizations.

Moreover, the present article proposes the ways rules for the taxation of luxury goods by including, in particular, expensive commodities in the object of taxation to amend on excise taxes.

Keywords: luxury items, income tax, transport tax, property tax, excise tax, tax rate.

1. Vinnickij D. V. Dobrosovestnost’, obosnovannost’ vygody, predely osushhestvlenija prav, ili Kak rossijskoe nalogovoe pravo okazalos’ na peredovyh rubezhah bor’by so zlom, gnezdjashhimsja v nalogoplatel’shhikah // Zakon. – 2018. – # 11. – S. 44-57.

2. Kozyrev V. M. Trudovaja teorija stoimosti i teorija predel’noj poleznosti – vazhnejshie napravlenija v sovremennoj jekonomicheskoj nauke // Vestnik RMAT. – 2014. – # 3. – S. 46-56.

3. Kucherov I. I. Dragocennosti v sostave predmetov roskoshi: pravovaja storona voprosa // Jurist. –2020. – # 10. – S. 63-67.

4. Lazutina D. V., Bannova K. A. Nalog na roskosh’: praktika primenenija v Rossii i za rubezhom //Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. – 2019. – # 46. – S. 291-302.

5. Malis N. I. Nalog na roskosh’: populizm ili stremlenie uvelichit’ dohody strany // Akademija bjudzheta i kaznachejstva Minfina Rossii. Finansovyj zhurnal. – 2011. – # 1 (7). – S. 83-90.

6. Savickij A. I. Razgranichenie ob”ekta nalogooblozhenija i predmeta naloga po imushhestvennym nalogam: problemy teorii i praktiki // Nalogi. – 2019.– # 2. – S. 16-23; # 3. – S. 14-20.

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8. Tihonova A. V. K voprosu ob izmenenii funkcional’noj roli akcizov v Rossii // Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie. – 2019. – # 11. – S. 35-11.

9. Chin’jano F. Tendencii neravenstva dohodov i ego vozdejstvie na jekonomicheskij rost // Vestnik mezhdunarodnyh organizacij. – 2015. – T. 10. – # 3.

In the presented work, the author examines the procedure and features of consolidating the functions of the Bank of Russia. The paper presents the author’s classification of the functions of the Bank of Russia at the present stage of development of the financial market, taking into account the current legislation and acts of strategic planning.

Keywords: Financial market, credit institution, non-credit financial institution, Bank of Russia, functions of central banks.

1. Konstitucija Rossijskoj Federacii // Oficial’nyj internet-portale pravovoj informacii.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.pravo.gov.ru, 04.07.2020.

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The article is devoted to the consideration of the system of tariff benefits and preferences, which

is actively used by the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Russian Federation in particular, in view of the close interaction of countries on the world stage in the foreign trade sphere.

The essence and specifics of preferential system application in conditions of interaction between

trading partners from different countries are analyzed. The authors justify that the provision of tariff benefits and preferences is considered one of the most effective methods of regulating foreign economic activity.

Keywords: benefits, tariff preference, developing countries, trade, international cooperation, foreign economic activity.

1. Halipov S. V. Tamozhennoe pravo: Uchebnik. – M.,2016.

2. Shhipcova E. V. Sozdanie i vnedrenie sistemy jelektronnoj sertifikacii i verifikacii na territorii edinogo jekonomicheskogo prostranstva EAJeS// Konkurentosposobnost’ razvitie social’no-jekonomicheskih sistem: materialy Tret’ej Vseros. nauch. konf. Pamjati akad. A. I. Tatarkina. – Cheljabinsk, 2019.

Countering the illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors is an important task facing the world community. The threat of the spread of drug addiction is a serious problem for society, undermining its moral and ethical foundations.

Effective counteraction to the spread of drug addiction is possible only if law enforcement agencies of all countries and civil society are involved in this problem.

Keywords: narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, drug business, illegal transportation, contraband, drug addiction, criminal offenses

1. Ob utverzhdenii Strategii gosudarstvennoj antinarkoticheskoj politiki Rossijskoj Federacii na period do 2030 goda // Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 23.11.2020 # 733.

2. Abazov I. S. Nekotorye osobennosti protivodejstvija nezakonnoj perevozke narkoticheskih sredstv // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. –2020. – # 1. – S. 372-374.

3. Bitov A. A. Vyjavlenie i raskrytie prestuplenij v sfere nezakonnogo oborota narkotikov, sovershaemyh s ispol’zovaniem informacionnyh tehnologij // Problemy jekonomiki i juridicheskoj praktiki. – 2018. – # 5. – S. 269-272.

4. Voropaev V. OON predlagaet legalizovat’ narkotiki // Ros. gaz. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.rg.ru/2011/06/02/narkotiki-site.html.

5. Larri Kollins. Neprodumannyj gollandskij jeksperiment s narkotikami // Foreig Affairs, maj-ijun’, 1999. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http:// www.narcom.ru/ideas/socio/17.html.

6. Sbornik dejstvujushhih dogovorov, soglashenij i konvencij, zakljuchennyh SSSR s inostrannymi gosudarstvami. Vyp. XXXV. – M., 1981. – S. 416-434.

7. Fedorenko T.A. Zarubezhnyj opyt dejatel’nosti organov po protivodejstviju nezakonnomu oborotu narkotikov i ego ispol’zovanie v RF // Rossijskaja justicija. – 2012. – # 5. – S. 27-31.

Goal. Elections held regularly in the Russian Federation indicate that violations of the procedure for their holding have not yet been eliminated, and this, in turn, affects the level of legitimacy of state power. The article is devoted to the analysis of signs of corpus delicti provided by Art. Art. 141–142.2 of the Criminal Code, related to the number of debatable. The article discusses the main features of the composition of these crimes, their interpretation is given. The author justifiably claims that the crimes in question violate the conditions of legitimacy (in a certain part of them, depending on the characteristics of a particular act, its criminogenic features). The article provides new interpretations of the criminal law standards of Article 141 – 142.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, controversial issues of the content of these offenses, etc.

Methodology: dialectical method, analysis, synthesis, deduction, formal legal method, system method, method of intersectoral legal research.

Summary. As a result of the study, the author concludes that the current articles 141-142.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation require significant changes and additions. Scientific and practical significance.

The author investigates in detail the shortcomings in the current composition of criminal acts. The doctrinal problems and legislative omissions in the corresponding compositions are indicated in detail, as well as possible ways to address them and the proper interpretation of qualifying features are indicated. From a practical point of view, the elimination of these shortcomings should serve to facilitate the proper application of the relevant criminal law.

Keywords: elections, financing, referendum, electoral rights, right to participate in the referendum, obstruction, secrecy of voting, election Commission, qualifying features, subject of crime, polling station, material support, election Fund.

1. Grin’ko S.D. Ugolovno-pravovye i kriminologicheskie problemy protivodejstvija posjagatel’stvam na osnovy konstitucionnogo stroja i bezopasnost’ gosudarstva. Pskov: PJuI, 2010.

2. Degterev A.A. Ugolovno-pravovoe protivodejstvie prestuplenijam protiv osnov politicheskoj sistemy Rossii. M.: Izd-vo «Prospekt», 2020.

3. Politika: vozmozhnost’ sovremennyh tehnologij /M. Anohin, V. Komarovskij; Ros. akad. gos. Sluzhby pri Prezidente Ros. Federacii

4. 69, [1] s. graf. 21 sm. M.: Izd-vo RAGS, 1998.

5. Turishheva N.Ju. Prestuplenija protiv izbiratel’nyh prav i prava na uchastie v referendume. Krasnodar, 2007.

The author of the article claims that at present the topic of the ratio of voluntary refusal to commit a criminal act and an unfinished crime, as well as the problems of their qualification in domestic criminal law, is relevant not only for theoretical study, but also for practical use by law enforcement agencies. The article considers the peculiarities of the stage of an unfinished crime and the voluntary refusal to commit a delict, their peculiarities and structural elements.

The material presented in the work is a continuation of a series of articles by the author aimed at replenishing the material on criminal law.

Keywords: unfinished crime, ratio, stages, voluntary refusal, delict, preparation, attempt.

1. Ugolovnyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 13.06.1996 # 63-FZ (red. ot 30.12.2020).

2. Redin M. P. Osnovanie ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti za neokonchennoe prestuplenie i sushhnost’ neokonchennogo prestuplenija // Sledovatel’. – 2003. – # 8.- S. 10-14.

3. Ugolovnoe pravo Rossii. Obshhaja chast’: Uchebnik / pod red. V. P. Revina. – M.: Justicinform, 2016. – 580 s.

4. Ugolovnoe pravo. Obshhaja chast’: Uchebnik. Izdanie vtoroe pererabotannoe i dopolnennoe / pod red. doktora juridicheskih nauk, professora L. V. Inogamovoj-Hegaj, doktora juridicheskih nauk, professora A. I. Raroga, doktora juridicheskih nauk, professora A. I. Chuchaeva. – M.: Juridicheskaja firma «KONTRAKT»: INFRA-M, 2008. – 560 s.

In the modern world, the Internet has significantly influenced the development of various spheres of life, providing an accelerated and simplified version of remote access to many resources. Currently, the Internet is not only used for long-distance communication, but also through the use of this network, special services are organized that provide access to many services, trade is organized, banking and other services are provided. However, despite the positive impact of information technologies on the life of a modern person, against the background of the large-scale prevalence of the Internet in the modern world, a number of new challenges and threats arise. The most dangerous of them is the growth of economic crimes committed using the Internet, which significantly affects the socio-economic development of society, public order and security.

This scientific article examines the problems and the main mechanisms of countering economic crimes committed through the Internet.

Keywords: the Internet, crimes of an economic nature, crimes committed on the Internet, carding, phishing

1. Alieva E.A. Set’ internet kak sredstvo sovershenija razvratnyh dejstvij // Probely rossijskom zakonodatel’stve. 2017. # 4. S. 180-182.

2. Kochojan R.G. Protivodejstvie prestuplenijam, sovershaemym v seti «Internet»: sovershenstvovanie ugolovnogo zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii // Kriminal’nye realii, reagirovanie na nih i zakon / pod redakciej A.I. Dolgovoj. M., 2018. S. 127-131.

3. Nikolaeva E.R. Problemy protivodejstvija prestuplenijam, sovershaemym v seti Internet // Voprosy rossijskoj justicii. 2019. # 4. S. 417-424.

4. Osipenko A.L. Bor’ba s prestupnost’ju v global’nyh komp’juternyh setjah.// Monografija. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.squo.com/content/articles/335/949/.

5. Serebrennikova A.V. Prestuplenija v sfere informacionnyh tehnologij: kiberbulling i kibermobbing // Problemy jekonomiki i juridicheskoj praktiki. 2020. # 2. S. 283-287.

6. Suhodolov A.P., Ivancov S.V., Borisov S.V., B.A. Spasennikov B.A. Aktual’nye problemy preduprezhdenija prestuplenij v sfere jekonomiki, sovershaemyh s ispol’zovaniem informacionno-telekommunikacionnyh setej // Bajkal’skij gosudarstvennyj universitet, g. Irkutsk, Rossijskaja Federacija Vserossijskij kriminologicheskij zhurnal. 2017. T. 11. # 1. C. 13-21.

7. Urban V.V. Prestuplenija, sovershaemye s ispol’zovaniem informacionno-telekommunikacionnyh setej: obshhaja harakteristika i ugolovno-processual’nye mery po ih protivodejstviju // Vestnik Vostochno-sibirskogo instituta MVD Rossii. 2019. # 1 (88). S. 55-63.

8. Hoperskov D.V. Osnovnye napravlenija innovacionnogo razvitija preduprezhdenija prestuplenij protiv konstitucionnyh prav i svobod cheloveka i grazhdanina, sovershaemyh s ispol’zovaniem informacionnyh tehnologij // Social’no-politicheskie nauki. 2018. # 5. S. 247-249.

9. Shogenov T.M. Lokalizacija kiberterrorizma v uslovijah globalizacii informacionnogo prostranstva // Probely v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve. 2019. # 6. S. 242-245.

10. Sostojanie prestupnosti v Rossii za janvar’-ijun’ 2020 goda // General’naja prokuratura Rossijskoj Federacii / Glavnoe upravlenie pravovoj statistiki i informacionnyh tehnologij. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://genproc.gov.ru.

 

Illicit trafficking of potent substances is one of the most latent and socially dangerous acts along with illicit trafficking of narcotic substances and their precursors. At the present time, along with the development of high technologies, unfortunately, technologies and methods for the production of potent substances, as well as methods and techniques for their illegal sale, have begun to develop.

A little away from the main idea of the topic, we recall that strong substances are recognized as substances that can cause a state of dependence, have a stimulating or depressive effect on the сentral nervous system, causing hallucinations or disorders of motor function or thinking, behavior, perception, mood changes, or can lead to similar harmful consequences. It is based on the harmful effects on the human body as a whole that strong substances, along with narcotic substances, are a great public danger, and the fight against illegal trafficking of strong substances is currently one of the priority tasks of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation. In addition, the bulk of potent substances are produced in the factory, that is, at pharmaceutical enterprises and legally sold to the population through points of sale of medicines, that is, pharmacies, on prescriptions of doctors and in medical institutions.

The article attempts to identify some problematic positions in the fight against the illegal sale of potent substances, as well as gaps in the qualification of the illegal sale of potent substances by a group of persons by prior agreement, as well as a number of proposals for their elimination.

Keywords: strong substances, group of persons by prior agreement, law enforcement practice.

1. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks RF ot 18 dekabrja 2001 g. # 174-FZ // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 24 dekabrja 2001 g. 3 52 (chast’ I) st. 4921, v «Parlamentskoj gazete» ot 22, 25, 26 dekabrja 2001 g. – S. 14.

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3. Postanovlenie Pravitel’stva RF ot 29.12.2007 #964 «Ob utverzhdenii spiskov sil’nodejstvujushhih i jadovityh veshhestv dlja celej stat’i 234 i drugih statej ugolovnogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii, a takzhe krupnogo razmera sil’nodejstvujushhih veshhestv, dlja celej stat’i 234 Ugolovnogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii».

4. Gyskje A. V. Sovremennaja rossijskaja prestupnost’ i problemy bezopasnosti obshhestva (politicheskij analiz). – M., 2005.

5. Ivancova N. V. Ugolovno-pravovaja i kriminologicheskaja harakteristika prestuplenij, sovershaemyh licami, otvetstvennymi za sobljudenie special’nyh pravil v sfere oborota narkoticheskih sredstv i psihotropnyh veshhestv. Avtoref. diss. kand. jurid. nauk. – SPb., 2001. – S. 49.

6. Kipnis N. Nezakonnye dejstvija s narkoticheskimi sredstvami bez celi sbyta // Ugolovnoe pravo.- 1998. – # 3.

7. Kriminalistika / Pod red. R. S. Belkina. – M., Norma-Infra-M, 2002.

8. Kriminologija / Pod red. N. F. Kuznecovoj i G. M. Min’kovskogo. – M., 1998.

9. Ljubavina M. A. Ugolovno-pravovoe protivodejstvie nezakonnomu oborotu narkoticheskih sredstv i psihotropnyh veshhestv (chasti 1-4 st. 228 UK RF). Avtoref. diss. kand. jurid. nauk. – SPb., 2000. – S. 86.

10. Shhagapsoev Z. L., Kardanov R. R. Informacionno-analiticheskoe obespechenie raskrytija i rassledovanija prestuplenij // Sudebnaja jekspertiza. – 2014.- # 1 (37). – S. 84-91.

The content of the article explores the features of the concept, signs and forms of theft in domestic criminal law and their negative impact on public relations. The author of the article claims that the relevance and significance of the topic of research is due to the high level of public danger of crimes against property not only for the owner of the property, but also for other persons not directly involved. During the analytical study, official legal sources were used, as well as manuals and work on the study of theft and its forms in domestic criminal law. The article presents an analysis of the signs and forms of theft as factors forming the corpus delicti.

Keywords: embezzlement, crimes against property, forms, signs, concept, negative impact, society.

1. Konstitucija Rossijskoj Federacii (prinjata vsenarodnym golosovaniem 12.12.1993 s izmenenijami, odobrennymi v hode obshherossijskogo golosovanija 01.07.2020).

2. Ugolovnyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 13.06.1996 # 63-FZ (red. ot 30.12.2020) (s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 01.03.2021).

3. Postanovlenie Plenuma Verhovnogo Suda RF ot 27 dekabrja 2002 g. # 29 «O sudebnoj praktike po delam o krazhe, grabezhe i razboe».

4. Shesler A. V. Hishhenie: ponjatie i priznaki // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo. – 2012.- # 4 (6). – S. 70-80.

5. Filippova L. A. Kvalifikacija hishhenij / L. A. Filippova // Molodoj uchenyj. Pravo. – 2019. – # 29 (267).- S. 121-123.

In this article, the author examines such a phenomenon as genocide and also gives a brief description of its essence, from the point of view of the science of criminal law. The author, defining some of the features of this phenomenon, draws attention to the fact that genocide as an unlawful phenomenon is of a derivative nature, and in terms of defining its constituent elements, in fact, duplicates the norms of international law in terms of determining its consequences and causes. The author points out some omissions in the legislative vision in determining the signs of this offense, and concludes that it is necessary to make changes that affect primarily the subjective side of this phenomenon.

Keywords: genocide, criminal law, international law, crime, legal regulation.

1. Avdaljan R. M. K voprosu o sub”ektivnoj storone genocida. V sbornike: problemy i perspektivy razvitija jeksperimental’noj nauki. Sbornik statej Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii: v 5 ch.- 2018. – S. 4-6.

2. Belozerov V. K. Jetnicheskie stereotipy i politicheskaja identichnost’ v tvorchestve K. Klauzevica: opyt retrospektivnoj rekonstrukcii // Vestnik Rossijskoj nacii. – 2020. – # 3 (73). – S. 99-109.

3. Kotov S. V., Nevskij R. Je. Ispolnenie prikaza pri sovershenii prestuplenij protiv chelovechnosti: ispol’zovanie opyta mezhdunarodnogo prava v rossijskom ugolovnom prave // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. – # 5 (144). – S. 262-263.

4. Koshkin N. S. K voprosu o ponjatii genocida // Istorija gosudarstva i prava. – 2019. – # 9. – S. 20-25.

5. Nikitin M. N. Genocid kak forma nasilija: osmyslenie problemy. V sbornike: Jekonomicheskie, pravovye i kul’turnye aspekty realizacii strategii prostranstvennogo razvitija Rossii i ukreplenija (raskrytija) ee chelovecheskogo potenciala. Sbornik publikacij po itogam mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Pod obshh. red. V. D. Serjakova.- 2018. – S. 103-113.

6. Triandafilidi N. G. Mezhdunarodnoe prestuplenie– genocid: istorija i sovremennost’ // Innovacii. Nauka. Obrazovanie. – 2020. – # 24. – S. 466-469.

The article raises the repeatedly discussed issue of lowering the age of criminal responsibility, substantiates the relevance and the need to amend the criminal law of the Russian Federation.

Demonstrates the change in society and the development of minors as fully formed members of society, who should have not only rights, but also responsibilities, be responsible for their actions

(including be legally responsible for their actions).

Keywords: the subject of the crime, the age of criminal responsibility, Art. 20 of the Criminal

Code of the Russian Federation, special age of criminal responsibility, criminal law, criminal

responsibility of minors.

1. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks RF ot 18 dekabrja 2001 g. # 174-FZ // Rossijskaja gazeta. – 22 dekabrja 2001 g. – # 249.

2. Ugolovnyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii [Tekst]:federal’nyj zakon ot 13.06.1996 # 63-FZ (red. Ot 24.02.2021) // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 1996.- # 25. – #. 2954.

3. Federal’nyj zakon ot 24.06.1999 # 120-FZ «Ob osnovah sistemy profilaktiki beznadzornosti i pravonarushenij nesovershennoletnih» (red. Ot 24.04.2020) // SPS Konsul’tantPljus

4. Beljakova I.M., Lozhkova I.A. Snizhenie vozrasta ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti nesovershennoletnih kak faktor riska grazhdanskogo obshhestva v Rossii// Jepoha nauki. – 2018. – # 14. – S. 23-27.

5. Bozhovich L.I. Lichnost’ i ee formirovanie v detskom vozraste. – M., 1968.

6. Burlakov V.N. Individualizacija ugolovnogo nakazanija. Zakon, teorija, sudebnaja praktika: uchebnoe posobie. – Sankt-Peterburg: Juridicheskij centr Press, 2011. – 131 c.

7. Vartanjan, G.A., Onishhenko O.R. K voprosu o nastuplenii vozrasta ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti // Vestnik Omskogo universiteta. Serija «Pravo». – 2017.- # 1 (50). – S. 206-210.

8. Gerasimova O.I. Otdel’nye aspekty ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti nesovershennoletnih // Vestnik Adygejskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. – 2005. – #4. – S. 126-130.

9. Karpov V.O. Kul’t Kolumbajna: osnovnye determinanty massovyh ubijstv v shkolah // Vestnik Kazanskogo juridicheskogo instituta MVD Rossii. – 2018.- T. 9. # 4. – S. 442-446.

10. Krakovskij A.P. O podrostkah. – M., 1970.

11. Kuznecova E.V. Preduprezhdenie delinkventnogo povedenija nesovershennoletnih, produciruemogokontentom seti Internet: dis. … kand. jur. nauk:12.00.08. – M., 2019. – 210 s.

12. Kuharuk V.V. Kriminologicheskaja harakteristika i profilaktika prestuplenij nesovershennoletnih.- V uchebnike: Kriminologija. – M., 2009.

13. Lukin N.S. Psihologija podrostka. – M., 1959.

14. Mihajlenko A. R. K voprosu o vozraste ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti nesovershennoletnih // Aktual’nye voprosy bor’by s prestuplenijami. – 2016. – # 4. – S.11-13.

15. Oficial’nyj sajt General’noj prokuratury Rossijskoj Federacii “Portal pravovoj informacii”. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:http://crimestat.ru/offenses_chart (data obrashhenija:02.03.2021).

16. SMI: Stat’ja: Mogla popast’ pod fizicheskoe vozdejstvie tolpy. Materi 11-letnej Vari, zaderzhannoj na mitinge v Peterburge, grozit ugolovnoe delo”. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://www.fontanka.ru/2021/02/01/69742431/ (data obrashhenija: 6.03.2021).

17. SMI: Stat’ja: V MVD schitajut, chto nesovershennoletnie osoznanno uchastvovali v nezakonnyh akcijah.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://tass.ru/obschestvo/10670349 (data obrashhenija: 8.03.2021).

18. SMI: Stat’ja: Okolo 15 nesovershennoletnih bylo zaderzhali na mitinge v Moskve. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4661069#id2004826 (data obrashhenija: 6.03.2021).

19. SMI: Stat’ja: Osobo opasnye deti. Genprokuratura soobshhila o roste podrostkovoj prestupnosti v strane. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://rg.ru/2020/04/20/genprokuratura-soobshchilao-roste-podrostkovoj-prestupnosti-v-strane.html (data obrashhenija: 02.03.2021).

20. SMI: Stat’ja: Otvechaj kak vzroslyj: v Gosdume predlagajut snizit’ vozrast ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti do 12 let. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://

riafan.ru/1135721-otvechai-kak-vzroslyi-v-gosdumepredlagayut-snizit-vozrast-ugolovnoi-otvetstvennostido-12-let (data obrashhenija: 28.02.2021).

21. SMI: Stat’ja: Irkutskie «molotochniki» v ozhidanii prigovora. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://tayga.info/111808 (data obrashhenija: 8.03.2021).

22. SMI: Stat’ja: Banda maloletnih novosibircev poluchila real’nye sroki za krazhi i grabezhi. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://tayga.info/162564 (data obrashhenija: 9.03.2021).

23. SMI: Stat’ja: Melkaja ugolovshhina: deti i podrostki sovershajut vsjo bol’she tjazhkih prestuplenij”. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://iz.ru/973193/ivan-petrov-ivan-nosatov/melkaia-ugolovshchina-deti-ipodrostki-sovershaiut-vse-bolshe-tiazhkikh-prestuplenii (data obrashhenija: 4.03.2021).

24. SMI: Stat’ja: The minimum age of criminal responsibility continues to divide opinion. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2017/03/15/theminimum-age-of-criminal-responsibility-continues-todivide-opinion (data obrashhenija: 1.03.2021).

25. SMI: Stat’ja: Ubit’ i ne otvetit’: kakim dolzhen byt’ vozrast ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.mk.ru/social/2016/10/12/ubit-i-ne-otvetit-kakim-dolzhen-bytvozrast-ugolovnoy-otvetstvennosti.html (data obrashhenija: 8.03.2021).

26. Ugolovnoe pravo zarubezhnyh stran (Osobennaja chast’): uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie / N. E. Krylova, A. V. Maleshina, A. V. Serebrennikova; Mosk.gos. un-t imeni M. V. Lomonosova, jurid. f-t. – M.:Statut, 2019.

Criminalization in 2019 of the composition of the occupation of the highest position in the criminal hierarchy (Article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and, as a consequence, bringing to criminal responsibility the “higher ranks” of informal criminal statuses due to their undeniable negative impact on the healthy environment in society and national security in the country as a whole, causes to this day numerous discussions in scientific and practical circles of legal experts-criminalists.

In this publication, a small express analysis of court decisions on past criminal cases of the corresponding category is carried out in order to summarize the criminological features of persons involved in occupying a high position in the criminal hierarchy, as well as in order to raise priority criminal law and criminal procedural issues to be resolved by a law enforcement officer in the implementation of Art.210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: occupation of the highest position in the criminal hierarchy, «thieves in law», crime bosses, «common fund», «coronation», preliminary investigation, court decisions, «anti-thief law», «thieves’ jargon».

1. «Hochu, chtoby FSIN ne rassmatrivali kak karatel’nyj organ»: Aleksandr Kalashnikov o rabote tjuremnogo vedomstva [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://russian.rt.com/russia/article/808052-fsin-rabota-vedomstvo (data obrashhenija: 01.02.2021).

2. Apelljacionnoe postanovlenie Verhovnogo suda Respubliki Dagestan # 22K-2206/2019 ot 15 nojabrja 2019 g. po delu # 22K-2206/2019. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://sudact.ru/regular/doc/fAGvqyuWtvVQ/ (data obrashhenija: 01.02.2021).

3. Apelljacionnoe postanovlenie Tomskogo oblastnogo suda # 22-450/2020 22K-450/2020 ot 17 fevralja 2020 g. po delu # 3/2-9/2020. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://sudact.ru/regular/doc/n9FJA2vWjP5V/ (data obrashhenija: 01.02.2021).

The author’s definitions of each specific circumstance are proposed in the article, which can provide a single stable application of the criminal law, identify its gaps and contribute to their elimination. The most significant legal features of each circumstance are disclosed, which facilitates the study of the material and the acquisition of skills for the subsequent application of the criminal law in practice.

Keywords: order, reasonable risk, necessary defense, detention of a person, extreme necessity,

physical coercion.

1. Avdeeva E.V Neobhodimaja oborona: aktual’nye voprosy zakonodatel’noj reglamentacii i pravoprimenenija // Rossijskij sud’ja. 2019. # 1. S. 56.

2. Antonov V.S. Obstojatel’stva primenenija instituta krajnej neobhodimosti v dejatel’nosti pravoohranitel’nyh organov. M., 2010.

3. Antonov V.F. Krajnjaja neobhodimost’ v ugolovnom prave. M., 2015.

4. Askarov A.A. Prevyshenie mer, neobhodimyh dlja zaderzhanija lica, sovershivshego prestuplenie //Alleja nauki. 2018. T. 6. # 11 (27). S. 624.

5. Asseev S.V. Juridicheskaja priroda prichinenija vreda pri zaderzhanii lica, sovershivshego prestuplenie // Pravovestnik. 2019. # 7 (18). S. 4-6.

6. Barchukov V P. Ugolovno-pravovoj institut zaderzhanija prestupnika i praktika ego primenenija organami vnutrennih del: avtoref. dis. … kand. jurid. nauk.M., 1991.

7. Berestovoj A.N. Klassifikacija i mesto obstojatel’stv, iskljuchajushhih prestupnost’ dejanija, v teorii ugolovnogo prava // Vestnik Omskoj juridicheskoj akademii. # 3. Ijul’-sentjabr’ 2017 g. S. 40.

8. Blagov E.V. Kvalifikacija dejanij, iskljuchajushhih ugolovnuju otvetstvennost’ // Gosudarstvo i pravo. 2006 # 9. S. 80.

9. Blinnikov V.A. Sistema obstojatel’stv, iskljuchajushhih prestupnost’ dejanija v ugolovnom prave Rossii: Dis. …dokt. jurid. nauk. N. Novgorod, 2002.

10. Dmitrenko A.P. Obstojatel’stva, iskljuchajushhie prestupnost’ dejanija. M., 2010.

11. Mamchun, V.V. Nekotorye metodologicheskie problemy issledovanija faktorov riska v prave // Vestnik Vladimirskogo juridicheskogo instituta. Vladimir:Izd-vo VJuI FSIN Rossii. 2010. # 3 (16). S. 112.

An article analyzes violations which often occur during the procedure of getting acquainted with the criminal case materials by the accused and by his defense counsel. Reasons for such violations and concrete measures to minimize them are analyzed.

Keywords: criminal case, accused, getting acquainted with the criminal case materials, art. 217 of the Russian Сode of Сriminal Procedure.

1. Bagmet A. M., Hmeleva A. V., San’kov V. I. «Nerazumnye» sroki predvaritel’nogo sledstvija // Rossijskaja justicija. – 2018. – # 8.

2. Bykov A. M., Bykov V. M. Oznakomlenie obvinjaemogo i ego zashhitnika s materialami ugolovnogo dela po UPK RF (nauchno-prakticheskij kommentarij) //SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

3. Volkova A. G. Zashhitnik v predvaritel’nom rassledovanii po delam o prestuplenijah, otnesennyh k kompetencii tamozhennyh organov : avtoref. dis.… kand. jurid. nauk. – M., 2002.

4. Kasatkina S. A. Mery presechenija // Ugolovno-processual’noe zakonodatel’stvo RF 2001 – 2011 gg.:sbornik nauchnyh statej / pod red. I. B. Mihajlovskoj. – M.: Prospekt, 2012.

5. Kolokolov N. A. Oznakomlenie s materialami ugolovnogo dela. Sledovatel’ dolzhen byt’ osvobozhden ot nesvojstvennyh emu funkcij // Rossijskij sledovatel’. – 2014. – # 4.

6. Kostenko K. A. Problemy teorii i praktiki protivodejstvija zatjagivaniju oznakomlenija s materialami ugolovnogo dela putem priglashenija obvinjaemym novogo zashhitnika // Rossijskij sud’ja. – 2016. – # 9.

7. Lizunov A. S. Zloupotreblenie pravom na zashhitu na jetape oznakomlenija s materialami ugolovnogo dela // Zakonnost’. – 2018. – # 10.

8. Ragulin A. V. Pravo advokata-zashhitnika na oznakomlenie s materialami ugolovnogo dela posle zavershenija predvaritel’nogo rassledovanija: problemnye voprosy reglamentacii i prakticheskoj realizacii // SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

9. Rinchinov B. A. Oznakomlenie s materialami ugolovnogo dela v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve // Rossijskij sud’ja. –2015. –# 1.

10. Churkin A. V. Processual’nye izderzhki kak stimul dlja dobrosovestnogo pol’zovanija processual’nymi pravami // Lex russica. –2017. –# 4.

In the article, when it comes to the implementation of international anticorruption norms, the features of the legislative regulation of the subject of corruption-related crimes are considered that aggress the private legal sphere are studied.

On the basis of a systematic analysis of criminal and civil legislation, along with the existing clarifications of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on these crimes, some contestable matters of qualification are identified and ways of their possible solution are proposed.

Keywords: corruption, subject of a crime, criminal liability, qualification of a crime.

1. Bastrykin: Putinu reguljarno soobshhajut o korrupcii v vysshih jeshelonah vlasti. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://ria.ru/20201209/korruptsiya-1588207057.html (data obrashhenija:20.01.2021).

2. Goncharov D. Mezhotraslevaja kollizija ugolovnogo i grazhdanskogo zakonodatel’stva Rossii // Ugolovnoe pravo. – 2002. – # 3.

3. Pobegajlo Je. F. Krizis sovremennoj rossijskoj ugolovnoj politiki // Ugolovnoe pravo. – 2004. – # 3.

Authors of the article see the need for a detailed consideration of the criminal and legal characteristics of kidnapping in domestic criminal law. The article analyses the corpus delicti

provided for in article 126 of the Criminal Code in the form of a thorough study of the criminal and legal aspects of the corpus delicti. The author considers the topic relevant and significant for modern Russian society and domestic criminal law.

Keywords: kidnapping, criminal-legal characterization, punishment, domestic criminal law, crime, composition.

1. Konstitucija Rossijskoj Federacii: prinjata vsenarodnym golosovaniem 12.12.1993 // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 02.07.2020. – # 31. – St. 4398.

2. Ugolovnyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 13 ijunja 1996 g. # 64 FZ (red. ot 24.02.2021) // SZ RF. -1996. – # 25. – St. 2954.

3. Postanovlenie Plenuma Verhovnogo Suda RF ot 24 dekabrja 2019 g. # 58 «O sudebnoj praktike po delam o pohishhenii cheloveka, nezakonnom lishenii svobody i torgovle ljud’mi». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

4. Brilliantov A. V., Chetvertakova E. Ju. Ugolovnoe pravo Rossijskoj Federacii v shemah: uchebnoe posobie/ pod red. A. V. Brilliantova. – M.: Prospekt, 2018. – 473 s.

5. Camaev R. R. Pohishhenija cheloveka: ugolovno – pravovaja harakteristika i problemy kvalifikacii //Evrazijskij nauchnyj zhurnal. Pravo. – 2017. – # 1.- S. 308-309

6. Ugolovnoe pravo. Osobennaja chast’: uchebnik dlja bakalavrov / Ju. V. Gracheva i dr.; pod red. A. I. Chuchaeva. – M.: Prospekt, 2019. – 592 s.

The article considers the meaning of the victim in criminal law. In criminal law, the victim as a person whose interests were violated as a result of the commission of a criminal act, occupies an important place. However, scientists hold different points of view on the definition of the concept and essence of the victim. In particular, one of the controversial issues remains the question of what is the most important of the scientific definitions: criminal law or criminal procedure.

Keywords: personality, victim, signs, criminal-legal field, physical and social signs, guilt.

1. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 18 dekabrja 2001 g. # 174-FZ: prinjat Gos. Dumoj Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federacii 22 nojabrja 2001 g.: odobr. Sovetom Federacii Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federacii 5 dekabrja 2001 g. // Ros. gaz.- 2001. – 22 dekabrja. – # 249.

2. Ugolovnyj kodeks RF ot 13 ijunja 1996 g. # 63-FZ: prinjat Gos. Dumoj Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federacii 24 maja 1996 g.: odobr. Sovetom Federacii Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federacii 5 ijunja 1996 g. // Sobr. zakonodatel’stva Ros. Federacii. – 1996. – # 25. – St. 2954.

3. Vinokurov V. N. Soderzhanie priznakov poterpevshego i formy ih zakreplenija v ugolovnom zakone // Ugolovnoe pravo. – 2016. – # 1. – S. 14.

4. Dagel’ P. S. Poterpevshij v sovetskom ugolovnom prave // Poterpevshij ot prestuplenija. – Vladivostok, 1974. – S. 16.

5. Martynenko N. Je. Konflikt ugolovno-pravovogo i ugolovno-processual’nogo statusa poterpevshego // Rossijskij sledovatel’. – 2012. – # 1. – S. 43.

6. Popov A. A. Sootnoshenie «zhertvy» i poterpevshego ot prestuplenija v viktimologii // Vestnik Rostovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. -2013. – # 6. – S. 38.

7. Sumachev A. V. Poterpevshij v ugolovnom prave (analiz osnovnyh problem). – Nizhnevartovsk, 2005.

8. Fargiev I. A. Ugolovno-pravovye i kriminologicheskie osnovy uchenija o poterpevshem. – SPb., 2009.

In the article author considering the need for notary verification of the obligatory part of the deal during the selling share (part of the share) in authorized capital limited liability company. Author made a conclusion about the causality of the administrative part of the deal which was based on the analysis of Russian Federation legislation. Also, this analysis made it possible to understand why the deal was shared for two parts. There are other ways of thinking on this subject presented in the article.

Keywords: notary, notarial certification, limited liability company, deal, authorized capital, selling share in limited liability company, participants in the transaction.

1. Vestnik VAS Rossijskoj Federacii. – # 5. – 1993.

2. Proekt Postanovlenija Plenuma VAS «O sdelkah s doljami v ustavnom kapitale obshhestv s ogranichennoj otvetstvennost’ju» // Konsul’tantPljus: sajt. –[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/law/hotdocs/33703.html/ (data obrashhenija:15.11.2020).

3. Rossijskaja gazeta. – # 49. – 13.03.1993.

The article deals with topical issues of the application of the concept of criminal offense in criminal legislation. It is indicated that

the criminal offense in the Russian legislation is not new, that this concept was used before the October Revolution in normative acts in 1832, 1845, 1903.

The author considers the correlation of such concepts as offense, crime, and misdemeanor and comes to the conclusion that the division of illegal behavior into crime and misdemeanors allows the most correct assessment of the act and prescribe the appropriate punishment.

According to the author, a misdemeanor is a minor offense that is not socially dangerous, i.e. administrative offenses.

It is also noted that the concept of a misdemeanor and a crime cannot be equated, since the content of these concepts is significantly different.

The author considers it inappropriate to use the concept of criminal offense in criminal legislation. The introduction of the concept of criminal misdemeanor into the criminal legislation will introduce an ambiguous interpretation. In addition, the author points out that there is no need to recognize as a criminal offense crimes of small and medium gravity, for which the criminal legislation provides for penalties in the form of penalties, etc., since the essence of such crimes does not change, and the punishment that occurs does not change.

Keywords: offense, crime, misdemeanor, severity of punishment, civil, administrative, disciplinary offense, lawful behavior, increased degree of danger, the person who committed the crime, law, citizen, qualification, criminal offense, outstanding, unremitted criminal record, penalties, correctional labor, other criminal penalties.

1. Gordienko V. V. Zakonodatel’noe ustanovlenie ugolovnogo prostupka i iskljuchenie instituta otkaznyh materialov // Rossijskij sledovatel’. – 2010.- # 15. – S. 11-13.

2. Mihal’ O. A., Vlasov Ju. A. Ob ugolovnom prostupke v rossijskom ugolovnom prave // Sovremennoe pravo. – 2014. – # 3. – S. 111-115.

3. Svod zakonov ugolovnyh. – SPb., 1832.

4. Tagancev N. S. Russkoe ugolovnoe pravo: Chast’ obshhaja. Lekcii. T. 1. – SPb., 1902.

5. Tolkovyj slovar’ S. I. Ozhegova, N. Ju. Shvecova, 1992.

In the present article, the author analyzes the implementation of some principles of criminal law in sentencing. Considers the definitions of the concepts «principle», «criminal law principle», «special (branch) principle». The article considers the practice of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the cancellation of convictions of lower courts. In the conclusion of the article, the author proposes to supplement the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with the proposed special principles.

Keywords: principle, criminal law, sentencing, conviction, inevitability of criminal responsibility.

1. Bajtin M. I. Sushhnost’ prava (Sovremennoe normativnoe pravoprimenenie na grani dvuh vekov). – Saratov, 2001. – 416 s.

2. Suvorov O. V. Novaja filosofskaja jenciklopedija.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://gufo.me/dict/philosophy_encyclopedia/%D0%9F%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%9D%D0%A %D0%98 %D0%9F(data obrashhenija: 21.08.2020).

3. Fefelov P. A. Ugolovno-pravovaja koncepcija bor’by s prestupnost’ju. – Ekaterinburg, 1999. – 251 s.

4. Cherednichenko E. E. Principy ugolovnogo zakonodatel’stva: ponjatie, sistema, problemy zakonodatel’noj reglamentacii (kompleksnoe teoreticheskoe issledovanii): Avtoref. dis. … kand. jurid.nauk. – Saratov, 2006. – 30 s.

The protection of human health is the most important task of the state. The importance of health protection is due to the fact that the personal rights and freedoms of a person and citizen have special protection. Respect for personal rights and freedoms is a guarantee of personal inviolability, as well as the effective functioning of society and the state. The constitutional consolidation of health as a constitutional value has become the basis for the adoption of protective norms in the area under consideration. Russian legislation establishes liability in the area under consideration in various norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Code of the Russian Federation on administrative offenses. The comprehensiveness of legal regulation implies the need to distinguish related wrongful acts. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the main criteria for distinguishing between the acts in question are the subjective and objective side.

The existing problems in distinguishing between related offences and administrative offences are related not only to the misclassification of acts by law enforcement officials, but also to the inaccuracy of legal norms. These circumstances made it necessary to adjust the current legislation.

Keywords: crime, health, criminal liability, related illegal acts, administrative offenses.

1. Vorob’ev S.M., Orlova A.A. Retrospektivnyj analiz ugolovno-pravovogo ponjatija «psihicheskoe nasilie» // Vserossijskij kriminologicheskij zhurnal. 2017. T. 11. # 3. S. 531-541.

2. Endol’ceva A.V., Endol’ceva Ju.V., Platonova N.I. Bazovye nachala ugolovnoj politiki: ot teoreticheskih rassuzhdenij k de lege ferenda// Vserossijskij kriminologicheskij zhurnal. 2019. T. 13. # 4. S. 641-650.

3. Inshakov S. M. Issledovanie kriminal’noj latentnosti i paradoksy social’nogo otricanija prestupnosti // Vserossijskij kriminologicheskij zhurnal. 2008. # 4. S. 5-10.

4. Soshin A.A., Samsonov V.A. Osobennosti primenenija sotrudnikami organov vnutrennih del otdel’nyh mer obespechenija proizvodstva po delam ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah //Baikal Research Journal. 2018. T . 9. # 3. S. 16.

5. Feoktistov D. A. Osobennosti zakonodatel’noj konstrukcii st. 116 UK RF v svete izmenenij zakonodatel’stva // Sovremennost’ v tvorchestve nachinajushhego issledovatelja: materialy Vseros. nauchno-praktich. konf. mol. uchjonyh. – Vyp. 18. Irkutsk: FGKOU VO VSI MVD RF, 2017. S. 50-51.

The article evaluates the point of view of scientists on the concept of differentiation of criminal responsibility. The author considers six directions in which the content of this legal phenomenon in criminal law science develops. The author identifies generalizing and distinguishing points in the existing author’s definitions. On this basis, the author’s definition of the differentiation of criminal responsibility is proposed.

Keywords: criminal law science, criminal law, criminal liability, differentiation of criminal liability.

1. Kaburneev Je. V. Differenciacija ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti za prestuplenija protiv zhizni po ugolovnomu pravu Rossii: dis. … d-ra. jurid. nauk. M., 2007. 341 s.

2. Sovetskaja ugolovno-pravovaja politika. Problemy kriminalizacii i penalizacii / Korobeev A. I. Vladivostok: Izd-vo Dal’nevost. un-ta, 1987. 268 s.

3. Krotov S. E. Differenciacija ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti v zavisimosti ot kategorizacii prestuplenij, kvalificirujushhih priznakov i obstojatel’stv, otjagchajushhih nakazanie: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. M, 2005. 176 s.

4. Kruglikov L.L. Problemy teorii ugolovnogo prava: Izbrannye stat’i, 2000-2009.Jaroslavl’, 2010. 591s.

5. Kurljandskij V. I. Ugolovnaja politika, differenciacija i individualizacija ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti // Osnovnye napravlenija bor’by s prestupnost’ju. M.: Juridicheskaja literatura, 1975. S. 77-95.

6. Lesnievski-Kostareva T. A. Differenciacija ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti: avtoref. dis. … d-ra jurid. nauk. M., 1999. 48 s.

7. Lopashenko N. A. Razmyshlenija ob ugolovnom prave. Ugolovnoe pravo. Ugolovnaja otvetstvennost’. Ugolovnaja politika. Avtorskij kurs: monografija. M., 2019. 400 s.

8. Ozhegov S. I., Shvedova N. Ju. Tolkovyj slovar’ russkogo jazyka: 80 000 slov i frazeologicheskih vyrazhenij. –4-e izd., dop. M., 1999. 944 s.

9. Pobegajlo Je. F. O koncepcii ugolovnoj politiki v sfere pravotvorchestva // Problemy formirovanija ugolovnoj politiki Rossijskoj Federacii i ee realizacii organami vnutrennih del. Trudy Akademii. M.: Izd-vo Akad. MVD RF, 1995. S. 59-67.

10. Puhtij E. E. Prestuplenija protiv sem’i i nesovershennoletnih: voprosy tehniki konstruirovanija sostavov i differenciacii otvetstvennosti: dis.… kand. jurid. nauk. Jaroslavl’, 2004. 210 s.

11. P’janov, N. A. Teorija gosudarstva i prava: ucheb. posobie. – 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. Irkutsk, 2015. 528 s.

12. Ugolovnoe pravo Rossii. Obshhaja chast’ / pod red. A.I. Raroga. 3-e izd., s izm. i dop. M., 2009. 496 s.

13. Rogova E. V. Uchenie o differenciacii ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti: monografija M., 2014. 344 s.

14. Sidorenko Je. L. Viktimologicheskaja provokacija v ugolovnom prave Rossii. Stavropol’, 2005. 126 s.

15. Sidorenko Je. L. Dispozitivnyj rezhim ugolovno-pravovogo regulirovanija: monografija. Moskva, Jurlitinform, 2013. 496 s.

16. Sidorenko Je. L. Otricatel’noe povedenie poterpevshego kak obstojatel’stvo na differenciaciju otvetstvennosti i individualizaciju nakazanija sub”ekta prestuplenija: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. Stavropol’, 2002. 208 s

 

This article provides an overview of the reports of the speakers of the session «Biotechnology, Synthetic Biology and Genome Editing: a Criminal-Law View», which took place within the framework of the annual international conference «Kovalev’s Readings» (Yekaterinburg, February 19, 2021). The main attention of the speakers was paid to the problems of the limits of the criminal legal response to the development of biomedical technologies, the possibility of their use as a measure of criminal law influence as well as the legal response to surrogacy.

Keywords: criminal-law influence, biomedical technologies, synthetic biotechnologies, surrogacy, editing the human genome.

1. Tolstikova O. M. Problemy pravovogo regulirovanija surrogatnogo materinstva v Rossii // Sibirskij juridicheskij vestnik. – 2017. – # 1. – S. 83-87.

2. Tadashi N., Eckford A., Haraguchi T. Molecular Communication. – Cambridge University Press, 2013. – 179 r.

Article deals with problems of these types of preventive measures as a personal guarantee and surety of the organizations. The author analyzes the nature of the concept, purpose and reason of the above types of guaranteens based on the current criminal procedure law, points to specific deficiencies in their application, and explains the need to address them.

Keywords: surety, personal surety, surety organization, ensuring the proper conduct, suppression of unlawful acts, fight against crime, pursuant to procedural obligations.

1. Bozh’ev V. P. Nauchno-prakticheskij kommentarij k Ugolovno-processual’nomu kodeksu RF. – M.: Izd-vo “Spartak”, 2002. – 678 s.

2. Enikeev Z. D. Mery processual’nogo prinuzhdenija v sisteme sredstv obespechenija obvinenija i zashhity. – Ufa: Izd-vo “Spark”, 1978. – 156 s.

The author of the article believes that such an institution of exemption from criminal liability as active repentance is not without problems that complicate its functioning and implementation. Among such problems, the author points out the lack of unity of opinion regarding active repentance, ambiguous interpretation of some legal norms of this institution, substitution of the institution for reconciliation with the victim, etc.

Only by perfecting the institution of active repentance, according to the author. it is possible to achieve a real reduction in the level of latent and organized crime, thereby increasing the detection of crimes of the past years. The article is of interest to both lawmakers and law enforcement officials. The significance of the article is seen in the proposals aimed at improving active repentance as an institution of liberation.

Keywords: guilt, active remorse, institution of exemption from criminal liability, surrender.

1. Postanovlenie Plenuma Verhovnogo Suda RF ot 27 ijunja 2013 g. # 19 «O primenenii sudami zakonodatel’stva, reglamentirujushhego osnovanija i porjadok osvobozhdenija ot ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

2. Postanovlenie # 2-18/2019 ot 26 nojabrja 2019 g. po delu # 2-18/2019. Vyneseno Tomskim oblastnym sudom (Tomskaja oblast’). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Sudebnye i normativnye akty RF».

3. Prigovor # 1-17/2015 ot 21 aprelja 2015 g. Po delu # 1-17/2015. Vynesen Voroshilovskim rajonnym sudom g. Rostova-na-Donu. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Sudebnye i normativnye akty RF».

4. Blagov E. V. Ob osvobozhdenii ot ugolovnoj otvetstvennosti v svjazi s dejatel’nym raskajaniem //Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. – 2017.- # 7 (80). – S. 76-77.

5. Luk’janova A. A. Ponjatie dejatel’nogo raskajanija v ugolovnom prave Rossii // Problemy stanovlenija grazhdanskogo obshhestva: sbornik statej VI Mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj studencheskoj konferencii. Izdatel’stvo: Irkutskij juridicheskij institut (filial) federal’nogo gosudarstvennogo kazennogo obrazovatel’nogo uchrezhdenija vysshego obrazovanija «Akademija General’noj prokuratury Rossijskoj Federacii». – 2018. – S.86-89.

6. Ob osnovnyh pokazateljah sostojanija prestupnosti v Rossii. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://mvd.rf/reports/item/22678184/ (data obrashhenija: 30.01.2021).

7. Jenciklopedija prakticheskoj psihologii. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.psychologos.ru (data obrashhenija: 30.01.2021).

The article describes the aspects of Chapter 19 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, which considers the concept of reasons and grounds for initiating a criminal case. The author analyzes the changes and additions made to this chapter over the past decade, and also presents the author’s opinion on the concretization of some of its articles.

Keywords: criminal procedure legislation, reason, ground, report, statement of a crime, initiation

of a criminal case, prosecutor’s decision, investigative actions.

1. O vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii v svjazi s sovershenstvovaniem dejatel’nosti organov predvaritel’nogo sledstvija: Federal’nyj zakon ot 28.12.2010 # 404-FZ (red. ot 05.04.2013, s izm. Ot 22.02.2014) // Rossijskaja gazeta. – 2010. – # 5375.– 30 dek.

2. O vnesenii izmenenij v stat’i 62 i 303 UK RF i UPK RF: Federal’nyj zakon ot 04.03.2013 # 23-FZ// Rossijskaja gazeta. – 2013. – # 48. – 6 marta.

3. Volynskij V. V. Sudebnyj kontrol’ za dejatel’nost’ju organov predvaritel’nogo rassledovanija na stadii vozbuzhdenija ugolovnogo dela: avtoreferat dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.dslib.net/kriminal-process/sudebnyj-kontrol-za-dejatelnostjuorganov-predvaritelnogo-rassledovanija-na.html(data obrashhenija: 04.04.2014).

The article deals with the criminal law problem faced by law enforcement officers in the Russian Federation during the global COVID-19 virus pandemic. The absence of an objective possibility of providing medical care to the patient, allows us to consider this circumstance, in the event of harmful consequences for the health and life of the patient, excluding criminal liability. In the current situation with the declared pandemic, for which the society and the health sector were not ready, which, in our opinion, has an impact on the criminal-legal assessment of the actions of medical workers in these emergency conditions. The article analyzes the current situation in the healthcare sector and suggests solutions that take into account such extraordinary conditions that medical workers find themselves in when providing care to patients, including in the fight against the pandemic.

Keywords: circumstance precluding the criminality of the act, prosecution of medical workers, doctor, patient, investigator, Corona Virus Disease 2019, pandemic, criminal iatrogeny, law.

1. Kommentarij k Ugolovnomu kodeksu Rossijskoj Federacii (nauchno-prakticheskij, postatejnyj). 6-e izd., pererab. i dop. / pod red. professora N.G. Kadnikova. M.: ID «Jurisprudencija», 2019.

2. Oficial’nyj sajt Vsemirnoj Organizacii Zdravoohranenija. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.who.int/ru/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 (data obrashhenija: 19.02.2021).

3. Oficial’nyj sajt Nacional’noj Associacii zasluzhennyh vrachej i nastavnikov. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://zasluzhennye-vrachi.ru/obrashhenie/ (data obrashhenija: 25.02.2020)

4. Oficial’nyj sajt novostnogo portala Tass «V Roszdravnadzore soobshhili o deficite koek dlja pacientov s COVID-19 v nekotoryh regionah».[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://tass.ru/obschestvo/10103741 (data obrashhenija: 19.02.2021).

The number of «abductions» of new digital objects of economic relations is growing exponentially from year to year. Therefore, it seems logical to consider the issues in the article, the study of which can serve as a guideline, incl. for law enforcers: the concept and types of «tokens»; the legal status of types of digital rights and their correlation with «tokens»; the possibility of recognizing digital rights and some types of «tokens» as the subject of property crimes.

Keywords: digital rights, utilitarian digital rights, digital financial assets, subject of theft, theft, property crimes.

1. Bezverhov A.G. O predmete imushhestvennyh prestuplenij // Juridicheskij vestnik Samarskogo universiteta. 2017. # 4. S. 77.

2. Bojcov A. I.. Prestuplenija protiv sobstvennosti. SPb.: Izdatel’stvo «Juridicheskij centr Press», 2002. 775 s.

3. Lopashenko N.A. Posjagatel’stva na sobstvennost’:monografija. M.: «Norma: INFRA-M», 2012.

4. Lysenko A.N. Imushhestvo v grazhdanskom prave. M., 2010.

5. Sidorenko Je.L. Hishhenie kriptovaljuty: paradoksy kvalifikacii // Gumanitarnye, social’no-jekonomicheskie i obshhestvennye nauki. 2018. # 6. S. 166-171.

6. Hiljuta V.V. Prestuplenija protiv oborota ob”ektov grazhdanskih prav: konceptual’no-teoreticheskie osnovy modelirovanija: dis. … dokt. jurid. nauk. Minsk, 2021.

7. Jani P.S. Moshennichestvo s ispol’zovaniem jelektronnyh sredstv platezha. Stat’ja pervaja // Zakonnost’. 2019. # 4. S. 30-35.

The study of the practice of investigating criminal cases related to transport crimes indicates that in most cases, the reason for violating the terms of the investigation and the termination of the criminal case for additional investigation is that the prosecutor terminates the criminal case for additional investigation, due to the insufficient number of investigative and other procedural actions carried out as a way of collecting evidence in this category of criminal case*. After all, the evidence is the basis for determining the facts of the case, and the truth and completeness of the evidence are the key to ensuring the quality of the investigation of a criminal case. The Criminal Procedure Law provides that the evidence must be accurate and sufficient. Therefore, when collecting, recording, studying and using evidence, the investigating authorities must follow the requirements and standards of criminal proceedings on evidence. The reform of the judicial system of judicial proceedings necessarily requires the collection, recording, examination and use of evidence in strict accordance with the standards of judicial proceedings at the stage of investigation and prosecution of crimes, as well as the strict standardization of investigative procedures. Against this background, investigative work should standardize the use of investigative measures and collect all possible evidence, strengthen weak links in the chain of evidence, work hard to strictly regulate the qualification of evidence, and improve the ability of evidence to ensure that the facts are clear and the evidence is indeed sufficient. The evidence collected by the supervisory authorities can be used as evidence in criminal proceedings, which not only requires the objectivity, authenticity and relevance of the evidence itself, but also requires that the evidence collection procedure is formal and legal. If the evidence collection procedure is incorrect, even if the content of the evidence obtained is complete, this will affect the effect of the evidence in solving the crime. In the work of supervisory authorities in the investigation and collection of evidence, attention should be paid not only to the main elements, but also to the procedural elements.

Keywords: evidence, investigative and other procedural actions, investigation, crimes, criminal proceedings.

1. Balakshin V.S. Inye processual’nye dejstvija kak sredstva ugolovno-processual’nogo dokazyvanija //Jurisprudencija: Vestnik OGU. 2006. # 3.

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3. Vlasova S.V. Problemy organizacii otdel’nyh sledstvennyh dejstvij po delam o DTP // Juridicheskaja nauka i praktika: Vestnik nizhegorodskoj akademii MVD Rossii. Nizhnij Novgorod. 2014. #3 (27).

4. Demurchev L. G. Problemy klassifikacii inyh processual’nyh dejstvij v ugolovnom processe, ispol’zuemyh pri sobiranii dokazatel’stv // Ugolovnoe sudoproizvodstvo.

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7. Smirnov A.V., Kalinovskiĭ K.B. Ugolovnyĭ process: Uchebnik dlja vuzov / Pod obshh. red. A.V. Smirnova. SPb., 2004.

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The article discusses issues related to investigative actions carried out before the initiation of a criminal case. Article 207.4 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan clearly regulates the types of these investigative actions. In addition, considering in the article the experience of foreign countries in the field of legislation of investigative actions carried out before the initiation of a criminal case, changes in national legislation can be proposed.

Keywords: investigative act, examination of places and objects, principles governing expert opinions, seizure of information.

1. Abbasova F.M. Vozbuzhdenie ugolovnogo dela. Special’naja chast’. Peresmotrennoe 3-e izdanie. Uchebnik. Baku: Izdatel’stvo Zakona, 2019.

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10. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.e-qanun.az/framework/34809.

11. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.e-qanun.az/framework/41813.

The article considers the peculiarities of the legal status of participants in criminal proceedings – an expert and a specialist -of different countries of the world, their common and distinctive features. The comparative analysis of the application of specialized knowledge is given. Some proposals to the articles of the RF Criminal Procedure Code are made.

Keywords: expert, specialist, specialized knowledge, expert report, state.

1. Dufenjuk O. M. Opyt Pol’shi otnositel’no uchastija sudebnogo jeksperta v ugolovnom proizvodstve// Nauchnyj vestnik. – 15.02.2018 g. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www2.lvduvs.edu.ru/documents_pdf/visnyky/nvsy/01_2018/30.pdf; (data obrashhenija: 01.03.2021).

2. Mirovoj opyt v sudebno-jekspertnoj dejatel’nosti. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://ua-expert.com/news/svitoviy-dosvid-u-sudovoekspertniy-diyalnosti/?fbclid=IwAR0HIycRlunadQ4ZxcYAAr5hIP6SlXVugF9fVjjzKCt3hfgGzBy7XMzLXn0(data obrashhenija: 03.03.2021).

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nsf/htmlall/IHL-nat2/$File/IPA.pdf (data obrashhenija: 01.93.2021).

4. Lakusta O. M. Osobennosti sudebno-jekspertnoj dejatel’nosti v Ukraine i SShA. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://dsum.edu.ru/upload/doc/konf_27.02.2018_3.pdf; (data obrashhenija:01.03.2021).

5. Repele M., Alksne M., Chentoricka M. Akkreditacija sudebno-jekspertnyh uchrezhdenij i sertifikacija sudebnyh jekspertov v Latvii // Teorija i praktika sudebnoj jekspertizy, 2014. – # 1 (33). – S. 28-34.

6. Soroka S. O., Shpak Ju. V. Evropejskij opyt organizacii sudebno-jekspertnoj dejatel’nosti //Sravnitel’no-analiticheskoe pravo. – 2018 g. –[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://pap.in.ru/3_2018/82.pdf (data obrashhenija: 01.03.2021).

7. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks Respubliki Belarus’ ot 16 ijulja 1999 g. # 295-Z. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: www.consultant.ru (data obrashhenija: 03.03.2021).

8. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks Ukrainy ot 13.04.2012 # 4651-VI. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: www.consultant.ru (data obrashhenija:03.03.2021).

The author of the article claims that at present the topic of banning certain actions: problems of implementation and development prospects is relevant both for theoretical study in criminal procedure law and for practical application by law enforcement agencies. The relevance and significance of the topic is due to the novelty of this preventive measure and the presence of problems in the implementation of prohibitions in practice. The article considers the main elements and classification of prohibitions, the problems of implementation and compliance, as well as the prospects for development in the criminal procedure space.

Keywords: prohibition, implementation problems, perspectives, classification, theory, practice, solution.

1. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 18.12.2001 # 174-FZ (red. ot 24.04.2020).

2. Federal’nyj zakon «O vnesenii izmenenij v Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii v chasti izbranija i primenenija mer presechenija v vide zapreta opredelennyh dejstvij, zaloga i domashnego aresta» ot 18.04.2018 # 72-FZ.

3. Alekseev I. M., Danil’jan A. S. «Zapret opredelennyh dejstvij kak mera presechenija v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve Rossii» // Obshhestvo i pravo. – 2019. – # 4 (70).- S. 29-31.

4. Larkina E. V. «Zapret opredelennyh dejstvij i predusmotrennye im zaprety v sochetanii s zalogom i domashnim arestom: pervye polgoda primenenija» // Lex Russica. – 2019. – # 4 (149). – S. 132-136.

5. Ugolovno-processual’noe pravo (Ugolovnyj process):Uchebnik dlja vuzov / pod red. prof. Je. K. Kutueva; nauch. red. i vstupitel’noe slovo prof. V. P. Sal’nikova; 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. – SPb.: Sankt-Peterburgskij un-t MVD Rossii; Fond «Universitet», 2019. – 583 s.

Working with physical evidence involves the use of various technical and forensic means of detection, fixation, seizure, research and use of evidence in criminal proceedings. The list of these funds is constantly being expanded and updated. The article presents the technical and forensic tools developed and put into practice in recent decades.

Keywords: technical and forensic means, lighting devices, magnifying devices, search devices,

rapid test.

1. Balashov A. A. Ispol’zovanie kriminalisticheskoj tehniki pri rassledovanii prestuplenij // Vestnik akademii sledstvennogo komiteta Rossijskoj Federacii. – 2019.– # 1 (19). – S. 146-150.

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3. Voronin S. Je., Seleznev V. M., Chervjakov M. Je. Kriminalisticheskie sredstva obnaruzhenija i iz”jatija pylevyh sledov nog // Izvestija Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. – 2015. – # 2-1 (86).– S. 28-34.

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8. Uvarova I. A. Termografija v kriminalistike: ponjatie i znachenie // Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta im. S. Ju. Vitte. Serija 2: Juridicheskie Nauki. – 2018.– # 3 (17). – S. 59-61.

Abstract: This article is devoted to the problems of cybercrime, as well as the need for legislative regulation of this sphere of relations not only on the territory of the Russian Federation, but also at the international level. Mechanisms for combating cybercrime are being prescribed. Statistical data of these crimes in the Russian Federation are considered. It is concluded that there is a need for a common opinion at the international level with the adoption of appropriate regulatory and legal acts of experience for the qualitative investigation and suppression of these types of crimes.

Keywords: cybercrime, information technology, cybercriminal, Internet, cyberspace.

1. Aleksej Zabrodin Konflikt RF i SShA v kiberprostranstve mozhet imet’ fatal’nye posledstvija.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://iz.ru/617421/aleksei-zabrodin/konflikt-mezhdu-rossieii-ssha-v-kiberprostranstve-imel-fatalnye-posledstviia

2. Shogenov T.M., Buraeva L.A. Ob aktual’nyh voprosah mezhdunarodnogo sotrudnichestva v bor’be s kibeprestuplenijami // sbornik statej XXVIX Mezhdunarodnogo nauchno-issledovatel’skogo konkursa. 2019. S. 59-61.

3. Kratkaja harakteristika sostojanija prestupnosti v Rossijskoj Federacii za janvar’ – oktjabr’ 2020 god. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://mvd.rf/reports/item/21933965/(data obrashhenija:20.10.2020).

4. Muhina M.S. Protivodejstvie v sfere kibeprestupnosti // Ugolovno-pravovye i kriminologicheskie napravlenija protivodejstvija prestupnosti. Sbornik materialov Mezhregional’noj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii professorsko-prepodavatel’skogo sostava, aspirantov i studentov. 2019. S. 260-267.

5. Ocherednoj skachok kiberprestupnosti v 2020 godu.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.securitylab.ru/blog/company/CABIS/348156.php(data obrashhenija:25.07.2020)

6. Tumerkin I.Sh. Kiberataki v bankovskom sektore – podhod k obespecheniju bezopasnosti IT- infrastruktur kommercheskih bankov // Teorija i praktika sovremennoj nauki. 2017. # 12 (30). S.683

7. Carev A.O. Kibeprestupnost’-glavnaja problema informacionnogo obshhestva // Sovremennoe sostojanie i perspektivy razvitija nauchnoj mysli. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoj (zaochnoj) nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Pod obshhej redakciej A.I.

Vostrecova. 2017. S. 123-126.

8. Shhetilov A. Nekotorye problemy bor’by s kiberprestupnost’ju i kiberterrorizmom // Informatizacija i informacionnaja bezopasnost’ pravoohranitel’nyh organov. XI mezhd. konf. M., 2017.

9. Oxford English Dictionary. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: http:www.askoxford.com (data obrashhenija:11.06.2020).

The article contains a description of the use of video conferencing systems in the provision of legal assistance in criminal matters. The article also understands the regulatory framework governing the use of videoconferencing in the framework of international cooperation in criminal matters. The article presents the Agreed principles for the use of video in matters of mutual legal assistance to the countries of “Eight”. An important point regarding the use of video conferencing is the proper material and technical equipment of the parties.

Keywords: videoconferencing, international cooperation, legal assistance in criminal matters, the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, Kishinev Convention on Mutual Legal Assistance and Legal Relations in Civil, Family and Criminal Matters.

1. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii» ot 18.12.2001 # 174-FZ (red. ot 24.02.2021).

2. Vtoroj dopolnitel’nyj protokol k Evropejskoj konvencii o vzaimnoj pravovoj pomoshhi po ugolovnym delam 1959 g. (ETS # 182) [rus., angl.] (Strasburg, 08.11.2001). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tantPljus».

3. Evropejskaja konvencija o vzaimnoj pravovoj pomoshhi po ugolovnym delam (Strasburg, 20 aprelja 1959g.) (s izmenenijami ot 17.03.1978g.) // Sobr. Zakonodatel’stva RF. – 2000. – # 23. – St. 2349.

4. Konvencija o pravovoj pomoshhi i pravovyh otnoshenijah po grazhdanskim, semejnym i ugolovnym delam (Kishinev, 7 oktjabrja 2002 g., po sostojaniju na 21 avgusta 2020g.).

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6. Volevodz A. G. Pravovye osnovy vzaimnoj pravovoj pomoshhi po ugolovnym delam s ispol’zovaniem videokonferencsvjazi / A. G. Volevodz // Voenno-juridicheskij vestnik Privolzhskogo regiona: Sb. nauchnyh trudov. Vyp. 1 / VP PUrVO, Privolzhskij okruzhnoj voennyj sud i Samarskaja gumanitarnaja akademija. – Samara: Izd-vo Samarskoj gumanitarnoj akademii, 2003.

7. Vozvrashhenie bludnogo kapitana: interv’ju A. Zvjaginceva Rossijskoj gazete // Rossijskaja gazeta -Stolichnyj vypusk. – 2012.

8. Filippova T. Ju. Osobennosti primenenija rossijskogo ugolovno-processual’nogo zakonodatel’stva v otnoshenii inostrannyh grazhdan: monografija /pod red. dok. jurid. nauk, prof. B. B. Bulatova. – M.: Jurlitinform, 2016.

9. Shipljuk V. A. Ispol’zovanie videokonferencsvjazi pri osushhestvlenii pravovoj pomoshhi po ugolovnym delam // Kriminalist””. – 2012. – # 1.

Exploring controversial issues arising in the application of a special procedure for criminal proceedings, the author draws attention to the conceptual apparatus, the importance of the stage of criminal trial in the court of first instance. The article analyzes and correlates the provisions on the general and special procedures of judicial proceedings. Their role and significance in Russian criminal proceedings are considered. On the basis of the analysis of the current legislation, the compliance of the pre-trial agreement on cooperation with the fundamental principles of the criminal process, the effectiveness and expediency of allocating the materials of the criminal case are investigated.

Keywords: guilty plea, pre-trial agreement on cooperation, the principle of adversarial proceedings, the court, the investigator, the accused.

1. Konstitucija Rossijskoj Federacii (prinjata vsenarodnym golosovaniem 12.12.1993 s izmenenijami, odobrennymi v hode obshherossijskogo golosovanija 01.07.2020).

2. Ugolovnyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 13.06.1996 # 63-FZ (red. ot 30.12.2020).

3. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 18.12.2001 # 174-FZ (red. ot 08.12.2020, s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 19.12.2020).

4. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks RSFSR (utv. VS RSFSR 27.10.1960) (red. ot 29.12.2001, s izm. Ot 26.11.2002) (s izm. i dop., vstupajushhimi v silu s 01.07.2002).

5. Postanovlenie Plenuma Verhovnogo Suda RF ot 19.12.2017 # 51 «O praktike primenenija zakonodatel’stva pri rassmotrenii ugolovnyh del v sude pervoj instancii (obshhij porjadok sudoproizvodstva)».

6. Bozrov V. M., Vladykina T. A. Postdeliktnye dogovory v ugolovnom i ugolovno-processual’nom prave // Ugolovnoe pravo. – 2018. – # 4. – S. 128-132.

This article provides an overview of the technologies of educational work with convicts. The author places particular emphasis on the goal of educational work with convicted women, as well as on the methods of such upbringing used in foreign countries. The author comes to the conclusion that the reform of the penal system in Russia can and should use the positive experience accumulated in a number of countries in the implementation of educational influence.

Keywords: convicted women, methods of education, forms of education, educational work in correctional institutions.

1. Al’pern L. Tjur’ma s chelovecheskim licom. O poseshhenii zhenskih penitenciarnyh uchrezhdenij v Pol’she // Jelektronnyj zhurnal «Nevolja»#18 2003. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:http://l.index.org.ru/journal/18/18-alpern-2.html(data obrashhenija: 20.02.2021).

2. Babajan S.L., Dvorjanskov I.V., Hrabrova E.V. Otechestvennyj i zarubezhnyj opyt organizacii vospitatel’noj raboty s osuzhdennymi Uchebnoe posobie. Pod redakciej A.M. Potapova – Vologda, 2018. – S. 184-226.

3. Stenichkin G. Social’no-pravovoe znachenie otsrochki otbyvanija nakazanija beremennym zhenshhinam i zhenshhinam, imejushhim maloletnih detej // Vedomosti ugolovno-ispolnitel’noj sistemy. – 2003. – # 4. – S. 50.

4. Tjur’ma v Kanade // Tjur’ma i zhizn’ za reshetkoj:inform. resurs. 08.03.2011. [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: http://www.tyurma.com/tyurmaza-rubezhom/tyurma-vkanade (data obrashhenija:02.02.2021).

5. Justizvollzugsanstalt fur Frauen in Vechta. Mutter-Kind-Haus der JVA fur Frauen in Vechta //

Niedersachsen Logo. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.jva-fuerfrauen. niedersachsen.de/wir_ueber_uns/mutterkindhaus/das-mutter-kindhaus-der-jva-fuer-frauen-in-vechta-89798.html (data obrashhenija: 13.02.2021).

The article examines the criminal-legal measures for the prevention of drug addiction. The emphasis is on the possibility of applying these measures when exempt from serving a criminal sentence. As a result of solving the question posed, the author develops and makes proposals for improving the current legislation.

Keywords: prevention of drug addiction, criminal law measures, criminal punishment, drug addiction treatment, medical and social rehabilitation.

1. O vnesenii izmenenij v nekotorye akty Pravitel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii v svjazi s sovershenstvovaniem kontrolja za oborotom narkoticheskih sredstv, psihotropnyh veshhestv i ih prekursorov: postanovleniem Pravitel’stva RF ot 22 fevralja 2012 g. # 144 //Ros. gaz., 2012, 6 marta.

2. O vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii po voprosu kul’tivirovanija rastenij, soderzhashhih narkoticheskie sredstva ili psihotropnye veshhestva libo ih prekursory: feder. zakon ot 19 maja 2010 g. # 87-FZ // Sobr. zakonodatel’stva Ros. Federacii. 2010. # 21. st. 2525.

3. O vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii: feder. zakon ot 1 marta 2012 g. # 18-FZ // Sobr. zakonodatel’stva Ros. Federacii. 2012. # 10. st. 1166.

4. O praktike naznachenija sudami Rossijskoj Federacii ugolovnogo nakazanija: postanovlenie Plenuma Verhovnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii ot 22 dekabrja 2015 g. # 58 // Ros. gaz. 2015, 29 dek.

5. O praktike naznachenija Sudami Rossijskoj Federacii ugolovnogo nakazanija: postanovlenija Plenuma Verhovnogo suda Rossijskoj Federacii # 2 ot 11 janvarja 2007 g. // Ros. gaz. 2007, 24 janv.

6. O sudebnoj praktike uslovno-dosrochnogo osvobozhdenija ot otbyvanija nakazanija, zameny neotbytoj chasti nakazanija bolee mjagkim vidom nakazanija: postanovlenie Plenuma Verhovnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii ot 21 aprelja 2009 g. # 8 // Ros gaz. 2009, 29 apr.

7. Biktimerov Je. L. Inye mery ugolovno-pravovogo haraktera i ih rol’ v osushhestvlenii zadach ugolovnogo prava Rossii: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. – Saratov, 2009.− 206 s.

8. Dolgopolov D.V. Problemy kontrolja i osobennosti vozlozhenija objazannostej na osuzhdennyh, stradajushhih narkoticheskoj zavisimost’ju, v period uslovno-dosrochnogo osvobozhdenija ot otbyvanija nakazanija //Ugolovno-ispolnitel’naja sistema: pravo, jekonomika, upravlenie. – 2011. – # 1. – S. 5-9.

9. Zhabskij V.A. Implementacija sistemy ugolovnyh nakazanija Rossii i zarubezhnyh stran // Nauka i obrazovanie: hozjajstvo i jekonomika; predprinimatel’stvo;pravo i upravlenie. – 2011. – # 8 (14). – S. 76-80.

10. Zvonov A.V. «Lestnica» ugolovnyh nakazanij, al’ternativnyh izoljacii ot obshhestva: kratkaja ocenka postroenija // Biblioteka ugolovnogo prava i kriminologii. – 2018. – # 1 (25). – S. 67-76.

11. Zvonov A.V. Sistema mer ugolovno-pravovogo vozdejstvija: sushhnost’ i soderzhanie // Chelovek: prestuplenie i nakazanie. – 2015. – # 3. – S. 95-99.

12. Zvonova A.V. Ugolovno-pravovye sredstva protivodejstvija narkoprestupnosti v mestah lishenija svobody: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. M., 2017. – 233 s.

13. Kobzeva E.V. Otsrochka otbyvanija nakazanija bol’nym narkomaniej // Zakonnost’. – 2012. – # 6. – S. 25-28.

14. Kuharuk V. V. Otsrochka otbyvanija nakazanija bol’nym narkomaniej: voprosy teorii i realizacii // NB:Voprosy prava i politiki. – 2013. – # 1. – S. 148-165.

15. Maksimov S. V. Celi prinuditel’nyh mer medicinskogo haraktera // Rossijskij sledovatel’. – 2002. – #12. – S. 32-34.

16. Otchet o sostojanii prestupnosti sredi lic, soderzhashhihsja v uchrezhdenijah UIS za dekabr’ 2017 goda (narastajushhim itogom s nachala goda).

17. Rudenko A.S., Zvonov A.V. Voprosy ispolnenija otsrochki otbyvanija nakazanija bol’nym narkomaniej //Vestnik instituta: prestuplenie, nakazanie, ispravlenie. – 2015. – # 2 (30). – S. 28-31.

18. Stanovskij M.N. Naznachenie nakazanija. – SPb.: Izdatel’stvo Juridicheskij centr Press, 1999. − 480 s.

19. Sysoev R.A., Rastoropov S.V. Aktual’nye voprosy porjadka primenenija otsrochki otbyvanija nakazanija bol’nym narkomaniej // Biblioteka kriminalista. Nauchnyj zhurnal. – 2014. – # 6 (17). – S. 76-79.

20. Ugolovnyj kodeks Latvijskoj Respubliki. – SPb.:Izd-vo «Juridicheskij centr Press», 2001. −313 s.

21. Shirjaev V.F. Nakazanie v sisteme mer ugolovno-pravovogo vozdejstvija: soderzhanie, problemy sovershenstvovanija: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. –Jaroslavl’, 2001. −223 s.

Investigative actions are not a simple set of different procedural institutions that have emerged at different times. They form a certain system of norms enshrined in the law that provide the investigator with the opportunity to detect the consolidation, withdrawal and examination of evidence; a system that has internal unity in procedural, tactical, psychological, ethical and other aspects.

Further improvement of investigative practice largely depends on the effectiveness of the mechanism of ethical and legal regulation.

Criminal-procedural relations have a specific moral content, a pronounced moral aspect. Therefore, any action of the investigator is implemented not only in the sphere of legal relations, but also in the moral and ethical sphere.

The moral and procedural activity of the investigator cannot be reduced to his actions. It should be considered in organic connection with the actions of the participants in the preliminary investigation.

Keywords: investigator, preliminary investigation, criminal procedure relations, criminal procedure.

1. Berova D. M., Hamgokov M. M. O sposobah protivodejstvija rassledovaniju prestuplenij i sovershenstvovanii mer po ih preodoleniju. // Gosudarstvennaja sluzhba i kadry. – 2019. – # 4. – S. 167-170.

2. Boziev T. O. Programmno-tehnicheskie sredstva, primenjaemye pri rassledovanii dorozhno-transportnyh prestuplenij. // Periscope Science: nauchnyj al’manah. – 2020. – # 1/2020. – S. 79-91.

3. Kovalev S. A., Sokolov I. V. Povyshenie jeffektivnosti rassledovanija dorozhno-transportnyh proisshestvij na osnove ispol’zovanija metoda komp’juternogo modelirovanija. // V sbornike: Sovremennye problemy juridicheskoj nauki i pravoprimenitel’noj praktiki. sbornik nauchnyh statej, posvjashhennyj 50-letiju Juridicheskogo instituta BFU im. I. Kanta. – 2017. – S. 316-321.

4. Korkmazov A. V. Razlichnye modeli bor’by s terrorizmom i ih perspektivy. // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2017. – # 8 (111). – S. 296-297.

5. Shamaev A. M., Karmokov M. S. Obmen informaciej mezhdu sledovatelem i operativnymi sluzhbami kak neprocessual’naja forma vzaimodejstvija pri rassledovanii prestuplenij terroristicheskoj napravlennosti. // Sovremennye tendencii razvitija nauki i tehnologij. – 2016. – # 7-5. – S. 73-76.

Тhis article discusses the features of organizing and conducting an inspection of the scene of an accident in the course of investigating the disorganization of the activities of institutions of the Russian penal system that provide isolation from society. Separate tactical recommendations of preparation and carrying out stages of inspection of a scene of incident on criminal cases of this category are offered.

Keywords: inspection of the scene of the accident, investigator, investigator, specialist, disorganization of the institution, the stage of inspection.

1. Beljakov A. V. Metodika rassledovanija dezorganizacii dejatel’nosti uchrezhdenij, obespechivajushhih izoljaciju ot obshhestva: uchebnoe posobie. – Samara: Samarskij juridicheskij institut FSIN Rossii, 2010. – 164 s.

2. Osobennosti rassledovanija dezorganizacii dejatel’nosti uchrezhdenij, obespechivajushhih izoljaciju ot obshhestva: ucheb.-prakt. posobie. – Rjazan’: Akademija FSIN Rossii, 2012. – 75 s.

The methodological basis of forensic expertise is criminalistics, mainly the part of it that is commonly referred to as forensic technology.

Preliminary investigation of traces is one of the forms of participation of a specialist of the forensic unit in the work of the investigative task force. Considerable efforts will have to be spent on adapting the tools of modern science to the tasks of forensic examination.

It is important to collect other reference materials that characterize the structure and composition of various types of forensic objects.

In forensic examination, an important place is occupied by research conducted to establish an individual identity.

The general trend in the development of expert forensic technology can be briefly characterized by noting that it consists in the development of new research methods, a consistent increase in the sensitivity of previous analytical methods, expanding the range of objects studied by these methods, increasing the number of detected signs and, ultimately, expanding the range of issues solved using special knowledge. However, along with the successes, there are a number of unresolved or not fully resolved problems. The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of expert and investigative practice, is the result of experimental studies, contains recommendations

aimed at improving individual methods and devices.

Keywords: examination, research, signs, forensic techniques, identification.

1. Golovachev Ju. A. Sledstvennye oshibki i sposoby ih ustranenija // Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal gumanitarnyh i estestvennyh nauk. – 2020. – # 5-4 (44). – S. 13-16.

2. Popov V. L., Kuz’mina O. L. Jekspert v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve // V sbornike: Baltijskij juridicheskij forum «Zakon i pravoporjadok v tret’em tysjacheletii». Materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – 2013. – S. 218-220.

3. Ruseckaja S. V. Rol’ jeksperta i specialista po UPK RF // V sbornike: Social’no-jekonomicheskoe razvitie Rossii: problemy, tendencii, perspektivy. Sbornik nauchnyh statej 19-j Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. V 5-ti tomah. –2020. – S. 128-129.

4. Hramcova V. V. Pravovaja jekspertiza na stadii predvaritel’nogo rassledovanija: fikcija ili neobhodimost’ // V sbornike: Kriminalistika i novye vyzovy sovremennosti (58-e kriminalisticheskie chtenija). sbornik statej Vserossijskoj nauchno-

prakticheskoj konferencii. – 2018. – S. 408-412.

5. Shevcova Ju. V. Pocherk kak ob”ekt kriminalisticheskoj diagnostiki // NovaUm.Ru. – 2019. – # 21. – S. 105-107.

The article presents an analysis of the current state and dynamics of crime in Russia. The main

trends that are associated with an active increase in crimes related to the use of information and

telecommunications technologies, as well as an increase in the number of crimes committed by

organized groups or criminal communities, are identified.

Keywords: crime, state, dynamics, crime and the use of IT technologies, drug trafficking, street

crime, fraud, extortion.

1. Vsemirnyj doklad UNP OON o narkotikah 2020 goda.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://pravovaja narkologija.rf/images/documents/megd_doc/covid19/rezyme_vozdeystvie_covid-19_politicheskie_posledstviy.pdf (data obrashhenija: 07.03.2021).

2. Sostojanie prestupnosti [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://mvd.rf/folder/101762/ (data obrashhenija: 07.03.2021)

Data on the methods of committing crimes have been studied since the time of Hans Gross, who included them in the subject of criminology research, and are accordingly considered as the most important source of information.

Data on the methods of committing crimes are necessary for the development of scientific recommendations for the criminalistics methodology of crime investigation, in which the most effective way of investigation is considered to be the path from establishing the method of committing a crime to its disclosure.

In the structure of private methods of investigation of certain types (subspecies) of crimes, data on their characteristic methods of committing crimes and methods of evading responsibility should be included both as the circumstances of the subject of proof, and as intermediate facts, the establishment of which is a means of establishing the facts of the subject of proof. The inclusion of data on the methods of evasion of responsibility in the forensic characterization and in both of these qualities in the circle of circumstances to be proved significantly increases the effectiveness of the use of private investigation methods.

Keywords: the method of committing the crime, the subject of proof, responsibility, criminology, investigation

1. Afanas’eva O. R. Vzaimosvjaz’ sposoba sovershenija prestuplenija s drugimi ob”ektivnymi priznakami sostava prestuplenija // V sbornike: Nauka segodnja: fakty, tendencii, prognozy. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – 2020. – S. 52-53.

2. Danilova B. G., Caturjan T. V., Sarkisov R. R. Sposob sovershenija prestuplenija kak kvalificirujushhij priznak prestupnogo dejanija // Rossijskij sud’ja. -2013. – # 10. – S. 16-18.

3. Ibragimova D. S. Sposob sovershenija prestuplenija kak jelement kriminalisticheskoj harakteristiki prestuplenija // V sbornike: Organizacionnoe, processual’noe i kriminalisticheskoe obespechenie ugolovnogo proizvodstva. Materialy VI Mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii studentov i magistrantov. – 2017. – S. 45-46.

4. Kuznecova Ja. A. Uchet sposoba sovershenija prestuplenija pri individualizacii nakazanija // V sbornike: Juridicheskie nauki, pravovoe gosudarstvo i sovremennoe zakonodatel’stvo. Sbornik statej VIII Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferen-

cii. – 2019. – S. 73-76.

5. Fartukov D. N., Poplavskaja N. N. Sposob sovershenija prestuplenija kak ugolovno-pravovaja kategorija// Sovetnik jurista. – 2018. – # 1. – S. 17-23.

6. Jakubovich O. R. Sposob sovershenija prestuplenija i ego ugolovno-pravovoe znachenie: avtoref. dis. …kand. jurid. nauk: 12.00.08. – M., 2004. – 33 c.

This article highlights the general characteristics of corruption crime in the field of execution of sentences in the form of imprisonment, reveals the types of corruption-related crimes, as well as quantitative and qualitative indicators. Special attention is paid to fraudulent actions related to bribery. This data is supported by information on the number of cases initiated against the employees of the Criminal Investigation Department. It was also possible to trace the dynamics of corruption crimes among employees for the period 2017-19.

Keywords: corruption, abuse of official powers, taking a bribe, corruption crime, criminal investigation Department officer, convicted person, serving a sentence, latency, crime.

1. Golubcova K. I. Korrupcija kak odna iz aktual’nyh problem ugolovno-ispolnitel’noj sistemy // Vestnik SJuI. – 2019. – S. 144-147

2. Majorov A. A. Narkotizm v ispravitel’nyh uchrezhdenijah: Monografija. – SPb.: Izd-vo RGPU im. A. I. Gercena, 2001.

3. Pavlovskaja N. V. Korrupcija v sfere protivodejstvija nezakonnomu oborotu narkoticheskih sredstv:Monografija. – M., 2014.

The article examines some problematic aspects of the criminal law regulation of liability for inciting and facilitating the suicide of a minor result. As a result of the analysis of the current legal regulation and legal doctrine, it was concluded that it is necessary to amend the current legal regulation in order to optimize the grounds for bringing to criminal responsibility persons who have a negative impact on minors.

Keywords: suicide prevention, juvenile suicide, drive to suicide, suicide inducement, suicide facilitation.

1. Antonova I. S. Psihologo-pravovye aspekty protivodejstvija «gruppam smerti» v seti Internet// Skif. – 2020. – # 5-2 (45). [Jelektronnyj resurs].- Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/psihologo-pravovye-aspekty-protivodeystviyagruppam-smerti-v-seti-internet (data obrashhenija:14.02.2021).

2. Antonjan Ju. M. Prestupnoe nasilie kak global’naja problema // Bor’ba s prestupnym nasiliem: materialy nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – M., 2008.

3. Delejchuk L. Je. Suicidal’noe povedenie podrostkov kak social’naja problema // ANI: pedagogika i psihologija. – 2017. – # 2 (19). [Jelektronnyj resurs].- Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/suitsidalnoe-povedenie-podrostkov-kak-sotsialnayaproblema(data obrashhenija: 14.02.2021).

4. Ustinova T. D. Sklonenie k samoubijstvu ili sodejstvie samoubijstvu: kriticheskij analiz // Lex Russica. – 2020. – # 3 (160). [Jelektronnyj resurs].- Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sklonenie-k-samoubiystvu-ili-sodeystviesamoubiystvukriticheskiy-analiz (data obrashhenija: 14.02.2021).

5. Shamardanova L. R., Kamalieva L. A. Sklonenie maloletnih k soversheniju samoubijstva // Skif. – 2019.- # 11 (39). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sklonenie-maloletnihk-soversheniyu-samoubiystva (data obrashhenija:14.02.2021).

6. Shamardanova L. R., Kamalieva L. A. Sklonenie maloletnih k soversheniju samoubijstva // Skif. – 2019.- # 11 (39). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sklonenie-maloletnihk-soversheniyu-samoubiystva (data obrashhenija:14.02.2021).

7. Daine K., Hawton K., Singaravelu V., Stewart A., Simkin S., Montgomery P. The power of the web: a systematic review of studies of the influence of the internet on selfharm and suicide in young people // PloS one.

The article discusses in detail the necessary actions of a police officer after the incident of the use or use of weapons. A detailed plan for writing a report on the use of weapons is presented, and recommendations are offered to reduce the psychological problems that arise in the employee.

Keywords: police officer, use of weapons, first aid, report on the use of weapons, stress.

1. Federal’nyj zakon ot 7 fevralja 2011 goda # 3-FZ «O policii».

2. Ugolovno-processual’nyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 18 dekabrja 2001 goda # 174-FZ (red. ot 08.12.2020).

3. Muzafin R. R. Aktual’nye voprosy v podgotovke sotrudnikov v ramkah sluzhebno-boevoj podgotovki[Tekst]: sbornik: Dejatel’nost’ pravoohranitel’nyh organov v sovremennyh uslovijah. Sbornik materialov XXV Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – 2020. – S. 107-109.

4. Romanov A. A. Problemy i algoritmy obespechenija lichnoj bezopasnosti sotrudnikov organov vnutrennih del v situacijah, svjazannyh s primeneniem ognestrel’nogo oruzhija: uchebno-prakticheskoe posobie / A. A. Romanov, R. A. Ahijarov, V. I. Davletov, R. R. Muzafin; Ufimskij juridicheskij institut Ministerstva vnutrennih del Rossijskoj Federacii. – Ufa: Ufimskij JuI MVD Rossii, 2020.

This article discusses some of the ways and means of forming psychological stability and physical readiness of employees of the internal affairs bodies for the use of military weapons, and also gives recommendations for practicing shooting training using psychological and physical stress. It is determined that the use of complex training exercises of shooting with the use of psychological and physical stress in the process of training employees of internal affairs bodies in such a discipline as “Fire training” is one of the most important elements in preparation for actions in non-standard and extreme situations.

Keywords: fire training, psychological impact, physical activity, shooting exercises, complex exercises, individual approach, nonstandard situation.

1. Vojloshnikov O. D. Praktikum po taktiko-special’noj, ognevoj i fizicheskoj podgotovke dlja slushatelej, obuchajushhihsja po programme professional’nogo obuchenija: perspektivy sovershenstvovanija metodiki provedenija kompleksnyh zanjatij // Nauchno-metodicheskij jelektronnyj zhurnal «Koncept». – 2016. – T. 15. – S. 1546–1550.– [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://ekoncept.ru/2016/96228.htm.

2. Zhamborov A. A. Aktual’nye voprosy organizacii i provedenija zanjatij po ognevoj podgotovke s sotrudnikami organov vnutrennih del // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2018. – # 3 (118).– S. 396-397.

3. Kryzhanovskij Ju. S. Organizacija provedenija zanjatij po ognevoj podgotovke s sotrudnikami organov vnutrennih del s ispol’zovaniem jelementov fizicheskoj i psihologicheskoj nagruzki: uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie. – Domodedovo:VIPK MVD Rossii, 2014. – 60 s.

4. Timoshenko L. I., Kudrjavcev R. A. Obuchenie strelkov psihologicheskoj gotovnosti k proizvodstvu vystrela // Sovremennye naukoemkie tehnologii. – 2015. – # 12-2. – S. 375-378.

The article is devoted to the organization of the training process for22 cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The basis of this activity is expressed in the process of mastering knowledge, skills and abilities. The article reveals the general psychological and pedagogical laws of the cognitive activity of students.

Key words: the learning process, the process of mastering knowledge, the process of cognitive activity, psychological and pedagogical patterns of cognitive activity.

1. Bondarevskaja, E.V. Teorija i praktika lichnostno-orientirovannogo obrazovanija / E.V. Bondarevskaja.‒ Rostov-na-Donu : Izd-vo Rostovskogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta, 2000. ‒ 352 c.

2. Rapohin N. P. Prikladnaja psihologija : uchebnoe posobie / N. P. Rapohin. ‒ M., 2013. ‒ 152 s.

3. Kostina L. N. Psihologija v dejatel’nosti sotrudnikov organov vnutrennih del : Uchebnoe posobie /L. N. Kostina. — Orel: Orlovskij juridicheskij institut MVD Rossii, 2011. ‒ 103 s.

4. Marcinkovskaja, T.D., Grigorovich, L.A. : Psihologija i pedagogika / T.D. Marcinkovskaja, L.A. Grigorovich; Moskva : Prospekt, 2010. – 464 s.f

At the current moment Russia is undergoing a transformation of the value system dictated by the improvement of social life. Integration processes in the economic, political, cultural planes complicate the interaction of structural ties between specific societies and the entire community as a whole. These factors, to a certain extent, stimulate tension in interethnic relations, accompanied by interethnic conflicts, and on this basis various opposition groups begin to appear, trying to achieve the desired result for them through extremism and terrorism. In all its guises, extremism brings pain and suffering to humanity, makes them hostage to politicians of the extreme persuasion, for the implementation of barbaric projects and the goals of appropriating power.

From the author’s point of view, in the ideological concept, the extremists ruthlessly strive to carry out their own system of views, foist it on by whatever means, seek from their adherents resignation and the implementation of any demands and orders. Justifying their positions, extremists appeal not to common sense, but to psycho-emotional and social chimeras and human prejudices. The ideologization of extremist actions creates a special type of followers prone to self-excitement, loss of control over their behavior, ready for any actions and disorganization of public order.

The author notes with regret that some associations take positions alien to our ideology. Often, all kinds of careerists and extremists, nationalist-minded elements make attempts to push people onto the path of lawlessness, anarchy, destabilization of the situation, incitement of interethnic enmity and hatred, disruption of public order and other illegal manifestations, as well as the involvement of police officers in the political fight.

Keywords: extremism, terrorism, interethnic strife, security, prevention and counteraction to political and religious extremism, violence, strengthening the rule of law, law enforcement officers.

1. Adavi N.M. «Jevoljucija terrorizma: ot gruppirovok k gosudarstvu» // Social’no-gumanitarnye znanija. Moskva. 2018. # 4. S. 267-272

2. Astashenok K.V. «Fenomen jekstremizma. Vozniknovenie i razvitie» // Mir nauki, kul’tury, obrazovanija. 2013. # 6 (43). S.539-542

3. Butkevich S.A. «Ideologija terrorizma i jekstremizma:javnye i skrytye ugrozy» // Obshhestvo i pravo. 2016. #4 (58). S.88-93

4. Veblen T. Teorija prazdnogo klassa. M., 1984.

5. Ganaeva, E.Je. «Analiz obshhih faktorov, porozhdajushhih religioznyj jekstremizm» // Nauchnyj vestnik «Magistr». 2016. # 1. S. 136-141

6. Makoeva E.R. «O nekotoryh voprosah pravovoj zashhity sotrudnikov OVD //

7. Probely v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve». 2019. # 5.S.225-227.

The article discusses the ways and methods of improving the self-training of cadets and students. While implementation of selftraining clarifies the need for a comprehensive approach, including practical and theoretical aspects. The necessity of certain physical qualities and skills due to the elements of shooting is specified.

Keywords: self-preparation, grip, aiming, preparation, breathing, descent, physical training.

1. Ogryza A. V., Gorjacheva N. Ju. Slovar’ special’nyh terminov po ognevoj podgotovke [Tekst]: slovar’. Ufa: UJuI MVD Rossii, 2013. 28 s. ISBN 978-5-7247-0714-5: 5,47.

2. Muzafin R. R. Metodika obuchenija sotrudnikov policii, napravlennaja na sovershenstvovanie navykov strel’by iz tabel’nogo oruzhija v uslovijah vozdejstvija stressogennyh faktorov, [Tekst]: Dejatel’nost’ organov vnutrennih del po obespecheniju bezopasnosti lic, podlezhashhih gosudarstvennoj zashhite v sovremennyh uslovijah:voprosy teorii i praktiki. 2016. # 3. S. 212-214.

3. Nikiforov P. V., Muzafin R. R. K voprosu o nekotoryh osobennostjah ognevoj podgotovki slushatelej, obuchajushhihsja po profilju special’nosti uchastkovyh upolnomochennyh policii v obrazovatel’nyh organizacijah ministerstva vnutrennih del Rossii [Tekst] // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. 2019. # 6 (133). S. 331-334.

4. Nikiforov P. V., Muzafin R. R. K voprosu o nekotoryh osobennostjah ognevoj podgotovki slushatelej, obuchajushhihsja po profilju special’nosti uchastkovyh upolnomochennyh policii v obrazovatel’nyh organizacijah ministerstva vnutrennih del Rossii [Tekst] // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. 2019. # 6 (133). S. 331-334.

5. Romanov A. A., Masejchuk Ju. M., Vagapov T. H. Sovershenstvovanie samostojatel’noj podgotovki obuchajushhihsja po osnovam professional’noj dejatel’nosti (v chasti izuchenija professional’nyh modulej). Uchebnoe posobie. Ufa, 2020.

The article talks about the need to expand the practice of using various types of special means by the police patrol and post service officers, which are best suited for a specific situation of operational and official activity. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that the use of electric shock devices is appropriate due to the fact that they, firstly, have a somewhat paralyzing effect on the violator, not allowing them to provide active resistance, and secondly, they can be used at a certain distance, which also increases the level of protection of the employee. The patrol and post service of the police is very mobile and often faces violations of public order, in this connection, it is advisable to use modern special means.

Keywords: electric shock devices, patrol and post service, contact with citizens, special means.

1. Federal’nyj zakon ot 7 fevralja 2011 g. # 3-FZ «O policii»// Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii. – 2011. – # 7. – St. 900.

2. GOST R 50940-96 Ustrojstva jelektroshokovye. Obshhie tehnicheskie uslovija (s Izmenenijami # 1, 2, 3).[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/gost-r-50940-96.

3. Gusejnov A. A., Davletov V. I. Ispol’zovanie sovremennyh tehnicheskih sredstv pri provedenii zanjatij po taktiko-special’noj podgotovke // Voprosy sovershenstvovanija fizicheskoj, taktiko-special’noj i ognevoj podgotovki sotrudnikov policii k operativno-sluzhebnoj dejatel’nosti. – Volgograd, 2020. – S. 36-41.

4. Prikaz MVD RF ot 29 janvarja 2008 g. # 80 «Voprosy organizacii dejatel’nosti stroevyh podrazdelenij patrul’no-postovoj sluzhby policii» // Bjulleten’ normativnyh aktov federal’nyh organov ispolnitel’noj vlasti ot 7 ijulja 2008 g. – # 27.

5. Soglashenie o l’gotnyh uslovijah postavok special’noj tehniki i special’nyh sredstv dlja osnashhenija pravoohranitel’nyh organov i special’nyh sluzhb gosudarstv-chlenov Organizacii Dogovora o kollektivnoj bezopasnosti // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii. – 2009. – # 46. – St.5422.

This article examines the features of the formation of specific skills and abilities of employees of internal affairs bodies, the author comes to the conclusion that it is the employees who are called upon to perform one of the complex types of human activity, the success of which largely depends on how much of the process is within the training they have formed skills in the use of firearms.

Keywords: employee of the internal affairs bodies, professional skills, fire training, firearms, crime prevention, professionalism.

1. Zyrjanov A. V. Ognevaja podgotovka, 2017. – 156 s.

2. Kaluckij N. K. Osnovnye napravlenija sovershenstvovanija ognevoj podgotovki sotrudnikov pravoohranitel’nyh organov. Chelovek: prestuplenie i nakazanie. – M., 2015. – 149 s.

3. Korsakov Ju. V. Mesto ognevoj podgotovki v formirovanii lichnosti molodogo sotrudnika OVD // Obrazovanie i nauka v sovremennyh realijah: materialy II Mezhdunar. nauch.- prakt. konf. (Cheboksary, 5 nojab. 2017 g.) O. N. Shirokov [i dr.] – Cheboksary: CNS

«Interaktiv pljus», 2017. – S. 161-163.

4. Kochesokova Z. H., Mashekuasheva M. H. Lichnaja bezopasnost’ sotrudnikov OVD: formirovanie v ramkah professional’noj podgotovki // Probely v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve. – 2020. – T. 13. – # 4. – S. 130-133.

5. Mashekuasheva M. H., Kochesokova Z. H. Professional’noe obuchenie: psihologicheskie osobennosti. V sbornike: Sovremennaja nauka i obrazovanie: novye podhody i aktual’nye issledovanija. Materialy Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii.- 2020. – S. 312-315.

6. Nikolaev N. O. Psihicheskie svojstva strelka v processe ognevoj podgotovki sotrudnika organov vnutrennih del Rossijskoj Federacii // Nauchno-metodicheskij jelektronnyj zhurnal «Koncept». – 2016.- S. 41-45.

7. Shirokova E. V. Osnovnye faktory, sposobstvujushhie sovershenstvovaniju obuchenija ognevoj podgotovke sotrudnikov pravoohranitel’nyh organov // Aktual’nye voprosy i problemy sovershenstvovanija uchebnogo processa po disciplinam kafedry taktiko-special’noj i ognevoj podgotovke: sbornik nauchnyh statej: materialy mezhvuzovskogo nauchno-prakticheskogo seminara, sostojavshegosja 29 nojabrja 2018 g. v Vostochno-Sibirskom institute MVD Rossii / Otv. red. A. A. Karimov, A. A. Sysoev. – I.: Vostochno-Sibirskij institut MVD Rossii, 2018. – S. 115.

At the current stage of the fight against crime, not only the need to use artificial intelligence in the information support of the activities of law enforcement agencies is clearly manifested, but also its fundamentally new capabilities in a qualitatively new level of ensuring the safety of the population.

For example, a centralized social rating system can be created in Russia. According to the proposed concept, each citizen of the country will receive a certain amount of points in real time, on which his rights, privileges, material well-being, career and even freedom will depend. An important feature of this system is the fact that the rating of each citizen of the country will be determined not by a person with certain powers, but by artificial intelligence used by a law enforcement agency authorized to carry out such activities.

In this regard, in the legal literature, so far, insufficient attention is paid to the problems of the legal nature of the proposed project.

This is not only about the legal regulation of the proper information support of law enforcement agencies, including the use of various types of artificial intelligence. A number of problems are associated with the development of such information technologies that allow you to create, store, process, transfer and use documented information in law enforcement.

Many lawyers, when developing problems of information support for the activities of law enforcement agencies, focus exclusively on the technical and information technology aspects of the project, as a result of which new problems of a legal nature are inevitably discovered, which, in turn, create new problems in information technology support.

Keywords: activities of law enforcement agencies, information support, elements of artificial intelligence, public safety, information technology, legal problems.

1. Informatika. Bol’shaja Rossijskaja jenciklopedija.M.: «Bol’shaja Rossijskaja jenciklopedija», t. 11, 2008.

2. Zhdanov Ju.N., Ovchinskij V.S. Kiberpolicija XXI veka. Mezhdunarodnyj opyt / pod red. S.K. Kuznecova. M.: Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, 2020.

3. Pisarenko D. Zdes’ vsjakogo uznajut po pohodke //Argumenty i fakty. 2019. # 14. S. 18.

4. Rastoropov S.V. Tehnologii iskusstvennogo intellekta v dejatel’nosti pravoohranitel’nyh organov// Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Serija 26. Gosudarstvennyj audit. 2020. # 2. S. 136-140.

A judgment is a volitional act of a state body. When resolving a case on its merits on behalf of the state, the court confirms a certain legal relationship, subjective substantive rights and obligations, or certain facts. The court decisions are quite diverse. Many problems arise during their execution. The article reveals the concept, signs, types and order of execution of court decisions. Examples from law enforcement practice are given, problems associated with the execution of a court decision are clarified.

Keywords: decision, court, officials, execution, production, responsibility, terms, order, non-execution, improper execution.

1. Federal’nyj zakon «O sudebnyh pristavah» ot 21.07.1997 # 118-FZ (red. ot 27.12.2019) / Dostup iz SPS «Konsul’tantPljus». (data obrashhenija: 24.02.2021). St.st. 6.1., 12.

2. Federal’nyj zakon «Ob ispolnitel’nom proizvodstve» ot 02.10.2007 # 229-FZ (red. ot 22.12.2020 (s izm. I dop., vstup. v silu s 01.01.2021)) / Dostup iz SPS «Konsul’tantPljus». (Data obrashhenija: 25.02.2021). St.st. 3,7, 113, 114.

3. Kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah ot 30.12.2001 # 195-FZ (red. Ot 24.02.2021) / Dostup iz SPS «Konsul’tantPljus». (Data obrashhenija: 25.02.2021). St.st. 17.5, 31.4.

4. Ugolovnyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 13.06.1996 # 63-FZ (red. ot 30.12.2020) / Dostup iz SPS «Konsul’tantPljus». (Data obrashhenija: 25.02.2021). St.st. 177, 315.

5. Grazhdanskij processual’nyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 14.11.2002 # 138-FZ (red. ot 08.12.2020, s izm. ot 02.03.2021) / Dostup iz SPS «Konsul’tant-Pljus». (data obrashhenija: 27.02.2021). St.st. 194, 209-211, 428.

The article considers the role of judicial interpretation in the application of criminal law.

The problems of forming a civil society and building a state governed by the rule of law in the Russian Federation make it necessary to develop recommendations for improving criminal legislation and the practice of its application. The correct implementation of criminal law norms presupposes the obligation to establish the true meaning of the provisions contained in them.

This determines the special role of judicial interpretation of the criminal law in the formation of stable and uniform practice of his understanding and application in the activities of courts and other law enforcement agencies, as correct, comprehensive, in-depth interpretation of the law depends largely on the growth and development of the rule of law and the rule of law, respect for and protection of the rights and legitimate interests of citizens.

Keywords: court, judicial interpretation, law enforcement practice, interpretation of legal norms, decision, judicial act.

1. Averin A. V. Sudebnoe pravoprimenenie i formirovanie nauchno-pravovogo soznanija sudej (problemy teorii i praktiki): dis. … dokt. jurid. nauk:12.00.01. Saratov, 2004.

2. Vitruk N. Pravovye pozicii Konstitucionnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii: ponjatie, priroda, juridicheskaja sila i znachenie // Konstitucionnoe pravosudie v postkommunisticheskih stranah: Sbornik dokladov. M., 1999. S. 3.

3. Ruljov A. I. Sudebnoe tolkovanie prava v mehanizme zashhity prav i svobod cheloveka: problemy teorii i praktiki: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk: 12.00.01. Saratov, 2009.

4. Husainova M. V. Sudebnoe tolkovanie i jelementy pravotvorchestva v dejatel’nosti konstitucionnyh sudov v Rossii i Germanii // Mezhdunarodnoe pravo. 2015. # 1 (80).

The article deals with the theoretical, historical and regulatory issues of the implementation of the principle of free evaluation of evidence, based on the internal belief formed in the subject of law enforcement.

Keywords: principles of criminal procedure, freedom of evaluation of evidence, internal conviction, proof.

1. Egorov S. A. Istorija gosudarstva i prava. – M., 2020.

2. Lupinskaja P. A. Ugolovno-processual’noe pravo Rossijskoj Federacii. – M., 2019.

3. Orlov Ju. K. Zakljuchenie jeksperta kak istochnik vyvodnogo znanija v sudebnom dokazyvanii: dis. Na soiskanie uchen. stepeni doktora jurid. nauk. – M., 1985.

The article is devoted to the study of some aspects of the prosecutor’s supervision over the observance of the rule of law in the activities of customs authorities related to proceedings on cases of administrative offenses in the relevant field. Summarizing the results of prosecutorial inspections of customs authorities, the author identifies the main violations in bringing persons to administrative responsibility by customs authorities, and suggests ways of solving them.

Keywords: prosecutor’s supervision, Customs, administrative offenses, compliance with the law, administrative responsibility.

1. Federal’nyj zakon ot 03.08.2018 # 289-FZ (red. Ot 13.07.2020) «O tamozhennom regulirovanii v Rossijskoj Federacii i o vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii». – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus Prof» (data obrashhenija:31.01.2021).

2. Kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah ot 30.12.2001 # 195-FZ (red. ot 30.12.2020) (s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 28.01.2021). – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus Prof» (data obrashhenija: 31.01.2021).

3. Prikaz Genprokuratury Rossii ot 07.05.2008 # 84 (red. ot 21.08.2019) «O razgranichenii kompetencii prokurorov territorial’nyh, voennyh i drugih specializirovannyh prokuratur». – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus Prof» (data obrashhenija: 31.01.2021).

4. Ukazanie Genprokuratury Rossii ot 27.04.2018 #254/23 «Ob usilenii prokurorskogo nadzora za ispolneniem zakonodatel’stva v tamozhennoj sfere». – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:SPS «Konsul’tant Pljus Prof» (data obrashhenija:31.01.2021).

5. Bahrah D. N., Kivalov S. V. Tamozhennoe pravo Rossii. – Ekaterinburg, 1995.

6. Davydovich I. V. Obespechenie zakonnosti v administrativno-jurisdikcionnoj dejatel’nosti tamozhennyh organov Rossijskoj Federacii: avtoref.dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. – Rostov n/D, 2008.

7. Doncova G., Lopuhina A. Zashhita interesov biznesa: praktika i trendy // Tamozhennoe regulirovanie. Tamozhennyj kontrol’. – 2013. – # 6. – S. 9.

8. Lomakin V. I. Prokuror v proizvodstve po delam ob administrativnyh pravonarushenijah: avtoref. dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. – Ekaterinburg, 2006.

9. Proverka prokurorom ispolnenija zakonov: posobie / [pod obshh. red. N. V. Subanovoj]; Gen. prokuratura Ros. Federacii; Akad. Gen. prokuratury Ros.Federacii. – M., 2015.

10. Semenova O. E. Proverka prokurorom zakonnosti privlechenija tamozhennymi organami lic k administrativnoj otvetstvennosti // Zakonnost’. – 2020.

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States regularly face economic, biological, political, socio-cultural and other challenges. These challenges have different signs and scales of influence on the state and society. States are taking comprehensive response measures aimed at preventing them as soon as possible and minimizing their possible consequences in crisis conditions. Government measures often are forced to restrict the rights and freedoms of the population. The article examines the balance between the state’s response to global challenges and the need to respect human rights on the example of the right to access to information and the right to movement. The issues of international legal regulation of limitation of human rights, the ranges of such limitation and the need for the state to introduce additional guarantees of human rights in crisis situations are raised.

Keywords: state response, global challenges, economic challenges, biological challenges, political challenges, socio-cultural challenges, human rights, the right to access information, the right to movement.

1. Perspektivy obrashhenija v ESPCh po faktam privlechenija k otvetstvennosti za narushenie samoizoljacii po stat’e 6.3 KoAP RF i stat’e 20.6.1KoAP RF // Obrashhenija v ESPCh. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://european-courthelp.ru/perspektivy-obrashcheniia-v-espch-pofakta/.

2. Postanovlenie Konstitucionnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii ot 25 dekabrja 2020 goda. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://doc.ksrf.ru/decision/KSRFDecision507676.pdf.

3. Beinart P. The domino theory // The New Republic. -1996. – 26th February. – P. 6.

4. Kjellen R. DerStaatalsLebensform. – Berlin, 1924. – P.31-32.

This article reveals the concept, forms, mechanism and problems of interaction between the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation and non-governmental human rights organizations on the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms. The article states the existence of practical problems in this area of public relations that require resolution at the legislative level. The author reveals the role of the prosecutor’s Office in making a decision on the recognition of a non-governmental organization as undesirable on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: prosecutor’s office, non-governmental human rights organizations, human rights and freedoms, interaction, human rights activity, control.

1. Konstitucija Rossijskoj Federacii (prinjata vsenarodnym golosovaniem 12.12.1993 s izmenenijami, odobrennymi v hode obshherossijskogo golosovanija 01.07.2020) // Rossijskaja gazeta. – 1993. – # 237; 2020.– # 55.

2. Evropejskaja Konvencija o zashhite prav cheloveka i osnovnyh svobod ot 4 nojabrja 1950 g. // Rossijskaja gazeta. – 1995. – 5 aprelja; Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF.– 2001. – # 2. – St. 163

3. O prokurature Rossijskoj Federacii: [federal’nyj zakon ot 17 janvarja 1992 g. # 2202–I: po sost. na 31 ijulja 2020 g.] // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 1995.– # 47. – St.4472; 2020. – # 31 (chast’ I). – St. 5047.

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5. O vnesenii izmenenij v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossijskoj Federacii: federal’nyj zakon ot 23 maja 2015 g. # 129–FZ // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF. – 2015. – # 21. – St. 2981.

6. O vzaimodejstvii organov prokuratury so sredstvami massovoj informacii i obshhestvennost’ju: prikaz Genprokuratury Rossii ot 17.05.2018 # 296 40. –[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.consultant.ru.

7. Ob organizacii vzaimodejstvija organov prokuratury s pravozashhitnymi i inymi obshhestvennymi organizacijami: ukazanie Genprokuratury RF ot 17.12.2002 # 74/40. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.consultant.ru (utratilo silu).

8. Budaj S. N., Chernyshova T. E., Artemov V. V. Vzaimodejstvie organov prokuratury Rossijskoj Federacii s institutami grazhdanskogo obshhestva. – M.: Akademija Gen. prokuratury RF, 2010.

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10. Koval’zhina L. S. Vzaimodejstvie krupnogo promyshlennogo predprijatija i mestnoj vlasti v upravlenii social’nym razvitiem goroda: avtoref. diss. … k.s.n.– Tjumen’, 2005.

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12. Rudakova E. K, Ustinkin S. V., Usminov D. S. Problema vzaimodejstvija prokuratury RF i NPO po voprosu sobljudenija prav cheloveka v Rossii // Vlast’. – 2015.– # 12. – S.53–57.

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(data obrashhenija: 10.02.2021).

14. Turygin Ju. N. Vzaimodejstvie prokuratury Rossijskoj Federacii i nepravitel’stvennyh pravozashhitnyh organizacij po zashhite prav i svobod cheloveka i grazhdanina: diss. … k.ju.n. –M., 2012. –192 s.

The article considers 3 options for bringing judges to legal responsibility: 1) the domestic method; 2) the international method; 3)the political method. The article substantiates the need to improve the domestic method of bringing judges to legal responsibility in connection with its more effective implementation of punitive and restorative functions. It is proposed to amend part 2 of article 1070 of the civil code, removing the basis for indemnification as the guilty judges established by a court verdict that has entered into legal force. And it is also necessary to develop the practice of recourse action against judges, through whose fault the budget of the Russian Federation has suffered losses. These decisions should contribute to improving the practice of citizens’ appeals for compensation for damage in cases of mass torts.

Keywords: public-law liability, judges ‘ liability, civil-law liability of judges, mass tort, international tribunal, lustration.

1. Barsegova Je.L. Problemy otvetstvennosti sudej v Rossijskoj Federacii // Nauchnyj zhurnal. 2018. #3 (26). S. 87-89.

2. Budylin S. Sud’ja nepravednyj. Otvetstvennost’ sudej za politicheskie repressii [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://zakon.ru/blog/2021/02/07/sudya_nepravednyj_otvetstvennost_sudej_za_politicheskie_repressii#comment_570715(data obrashhenija: 24.02.2021).

3. Buranbaev R.A., Garifullin R.R., Zaripov Sh.R., Prokof’eva D.D. Massovyj delikt: teorija i praktika // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. 2021. #1. S. 397-401.

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5. Malyj A.F., Gafurov A.A. Otvetstvennost’ v konstitucionnom prave: osobennosti naimenovanija //Vestnik jekonomiki, prava i sociologii. 2019. # 1. S. 102-106.

6. Sinjavskaja M.S. Otvetstvennost’ sud’i v rossijskom i zarubezhnom prave: problemy teorii i praktiki// Probely v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve. Juridicheskij zhurnal. 2017. # 7. S. 188-192.

7. Fedeneva T.N. Voprosu o konstitucionnoj otvetstvennosti sudej v Rossijskoj Federacii //Universum: jekonomika i jurisprudencija. 2018. # 9(54). S. 1-

Social networks and messengers are considered as an information space and a means of communication during the election campaign (network interaction of candidates with voters), which can have a serious impact on the formation of the opinion of voters.

Unlike traditional means of election campaigning, the dissemination of information on the Internet, social networks and mass media does not have the necessary degree of reliability, which does not create confidence in the information distributed, and therefore the authors make suggestions on approaches to solving this problem.

Keywords: Internet, social network, messenger, civic engagement, voters, political culture, legal culture

1. Borisov I. B., Golovin A. G., Ignatov A. V. Vybory v mire: agitacija v seti Internet / pod obshh. red. I. B. Borisova. – M., 2017. – 266 s.

2. Kurjachaja M. M. Ispol’zovanie potenciala social’nyh setej v celjah formirovanija grazhdanskoj aktivnosti molodyh izbiratelej // Grazhdanskoe obshhestvo v Rossii i za rubezhom. – 2019. – # 3. – S. 7-10.

3. Svinin A. A. Ispol’zovanie social’nyh setej kak Internet tehnologij v izbiratel’nyh kampanijah: mezhdunarodnyj opyt // Vestnik Rossijskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Serija: Politologija. – 2013. – # 2. – S. 157-163.

4. Sergeeva Ju. Vsja statistika Interneta na 2020 god —cifry i trendy v mire i v Rossii. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.web-canape.ru/business/internet-2020-globalnaya-statistika-i-trendy/ (data obrashhenija: 25.10.2021).

Within the framework of the presented article, the author attempts to consider the peculiarities of ethnic component of personal self-consciousness. In our opinion, the subject matter of this work closely resonates with the notions of meaning, semantic regulation and self-regulation of a personality, because ethno cultural identity and tradition is a complex of normative and value elements that form a personality throughout his life. Considering the ethno-cultural value complex of a citizen of the Russian Federation, first of all it is necessary to note the high level of tolerance and openness, namely for a resident of the North Caucasian region, high significance of traditions, customs, high level of cohesion, obligingness and diligence in the traditional sense. It is the values of the individual that have always been the main issue in the study and consideration of sociology and this will be discussed in more detail below. Because value orientations are a concept rather capacious, characterizing the degree of personal socialization taking into account the positive or negative significance of the surrounding and perceived components, it should be said that the orientation of the personality is formed under the influence of value orientations. At the given stage of development of society, identity and globalization act as the basic synchronistic problems within the limits of formation of the personality. Taking into account geopolitical and demographic transformations and the growing multi-ethnicity of states, a comprehensive intercivilizational and intercultural exchange takes place simultaneously. Youth is a kind of accumulating element of those modern social trends and it is necessary to make efforts not to form a generation of spiritless consumers who look apathetically into tomorrow, as it will inevitably lead to the destruction of the moral and spiritual foundation of the nation. Modern scientists and sociologists are actively carrying over everything related to identity in the field of national security of Russia, which updates the subject of this article. Within the limits of this article, the author tries to answer a question: how to keep identity of self-consciousness in conditions of global changes taking place in the world and society.

Keywords: semantic self-regulation, ethno cultural component, self-consciousness, values, ethno cultural model, tolerance, patriotism, consolidation.

1. Lapin N. I. Problema cennostej v issledovanijah V. A. Jadova i ego kolleg // Jekonomicheskaja sociologija. -2009. – # 3.

2. Leont’ev D. A. Lichnost’: chelovek v mire i mir v cheloveke // Vopr. psihol. – 1989. – # 3. – S. 11-21.

3. Mazdogova Z. Z., Mashekuasheva M. H. K voprosu pedagogicheskogo proektirovanija v sisteme professional’nogo obrazovanija MVD Rossii // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. – # 2 (141). – S. 406-407.

4. Nikita Nikolaevich Moiseev – chelovek veka // Jekologija i zhizn’. – # 2. – 2008. Istorija nauki.

5. Pogonina E. A. Issledovanie cennostnyh orientacij sovremennoj molodezhi // Vestnik BelJuI MVD Rossii. – 2010. – # 1.

The article presents the main reasons for the spread of terrorism and its threat to the state system. The works of various scientists in this field are analyzed. Attention is focused on the fact that today the greatest danger is terrorism based on religious ideology. The approaches to understanding the causes of terrorism are presented. Research methodology – analysis of scientific literature on a given topic, as well as practical experience on the problem of this problem.

Keywords: terrorism, state, ideology, politics, democracy, criminal act.

1. Rodin A.V. Prichiny sovremennogo terrorizma // Vestnik nauki i obrazovanija. 2019. # 10-4 (64).

2. Bel’skij A.I., Jakimova V.I., Karpushin O.E. Problemnye voprosy kvalifikacii akta mezhdunarodnogo terrorizma // Pravo: istorija i sovremennost’. 2020. # 1.

3. Nikitina V.S., Ponjavina M.B., Terrorizm kak mezhdunarodnaja problema sovremennosti // Vesti nauchnyh dostizhenij. Jekonomika i pravo. 2019. # 2.

4. Stepanjan I.S. Ponjatie «akta» mezhdunarodnogo terrorizma // JuP. 2019. # 1 (88).

5. Dzhindzholija R.S., Hachidogova M.M. O nekotoryh voprosah opredelenija terrorizma i informacionnogo terrorizma // Ugolovnaja justicija. 2019. # 13.

6. Bel’kov O.A. Pravovye osnovy ideologicheskogo protivodejstvija terrorizmu // Vlast’. 2020. # 1.

7. Zaloilo M.V. Aktual’nye problemy teorii gosudarstva i prava // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. 2015. # 4.

8. Chernjad’eva N.A. Sootnoshenie ponjatij «terrorizm» i «mezhdunarodnyj terrorizm» v mezhdunarodnom prave // Pravosudie. 2020. # 4.

9. Nagoeva M.A. Terrorizm kak global’naja problema sovremennosti // Probely v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve. 2014. # 3.

10. Mic D.S. Kompleksnaja antiterroristicheskaja funkcija gosudarstva i prava // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. 2021. # 1 (122).

The content of the article refers to the features of the investigation of extremist crimes, as one of the most dangerous categories of crimes. The author of the article considers this topic relevant for the modern, criminogenic situation in relation to extremism. During the study, official legal sources were used, as well as manuals and work on the investigation and disclosure of extremist crimes. The article presents an analysis of the features of the investigation of this category of crimes and the problems arising from them, as well as possible ways to solve problems and choose tactics for solving crimes in the field of extremism.

Keywords: extremism, crimes, features, investigations, tactics, investigative actions, problems.

1. «O protivodejstvii jekstremistskoj dejatel’nosti»: federal’nyj zakon ot 25.07.2002 # 114-FZ(red. ot 23.11.2015) // «Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF». – 29.07.2002. – # 30.

2. Aver’janova T. V. Kriminalistika: uchebnik dlja vuzov / Belkin R. S., Koruhov Ju. G., Rossijskaja E. R.- 4-e izd., pererab. i dop. – M.: Norma, 2015. – 560 s.

3. Inshakova A. O. Jekstremizm kak ugroza nacional’noj bezopasnosti: vchera, segodnja, zavtra // Pravovaja paradigma. Pravo. – 2020. – # 2 (19). – S. 6-12

4. Franciforov Ju. V., Shinkaruk V. M. Rassledovanie prestuplenij jekstremistskoj napravlennosti //Legal Concept. Pravo. – 2020. – # 2. – S. 19-22.

5. Shanhajskaja konvencija o bor’be s terrorizmom, separatizmom i jekstremizmom (zakljuchena v g. Shanhae 15.06.2001) // Bjulleten’ mezhdunarodnyh dogovorov. – 2004. – # 1.

The article discusses what constitutes, in a generalized form, a risk management system. The author points to its necessary tasks to fulfill the goals of the corporation’s activities in terms of the internal control system. Also, the author highlights a number of principles according to which the functioning of the risk management system is presented. They name the exemplary functions of the internal control structural unit in the organization, and also list the likely sources for the preparation of local regulations on the functioning of the internal control system in the organization.

Keywords: risk management system, system of internal control, problem and function of internal control, risk matrix.

1. Federal’nyj zakon ot 06.12.2011 # 402-FZ «O buhgalterskom uchete».

2. Federal’nyj zakon ot 30.12.2008 # 307-FZ «Ob auditorskoj dejatel’nosti».

3. Koncepcija (COSO) «Upravlenie riskami organizacij. Integrirovannaja model’»;

4. «GOST R 51897-2011/Rukovodstvo ISO 73:2009. Nacional’nyj standart Rossijskoj Federacii. Menedzhment riska. Terminy i opredelenija».

5. Informacija Minfina Rossii # PZ-11/2013 «Organizacija i osushhestvlenie jekonomicheskim sub”ektom vnutrennego kontrolja sovershaemyh faktov hozjajstvennoj zhizni, vedenija buhgalterskogo ucheta i sostavlenija buhgalterskoj (finansovoj) otchetnosti».

6. Pis’mo Banka Rossii ot 10.04.2014 # 06-52/2463 «O Kodekse korporativnogo upravlenija».

The article discusses the tasks, goals and features of ensuring the protection of the scene.

Within the framework of an integrated system of rules and algorithms, the issues of organization

and tactics of individual actions aimed at protecting the scene as a whole, ways of entering and

leaving the scene of the incident, preventing the negative developing consequences of the crime

itself, the safety of traces of the crime before the start of the investigative action and the arrival of the investigative and operational groups are set out.

Keywords: inspection, inspection of the scene, protection of the scene, material traces, ensuring the safety of traces.

1. Bachieva A. V., Akkaeva H. A. K voprosu o mikroob”ektah i ih issledovanii // Sudebnaja jekspertiza:proshloe, nastojashhee i vzgljad v budushhee: materialy vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. -Sankt-Peterburg: Sankt-Peterburgskij universitet MVD Rossii, 2016. – S. 43-46.

2. Gauzhaeva V. A., Shamaev A. M. Organizacionno-pravovye aspekty provedenija osmotra mesta proisshestvija// Nauka i nauchnyj potencial – osnova ustojchivogo innovacionnogo razvitija obshhestva: sbornik statej po itogam Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – Ufa: Agentstvo mezhdunarodnyh issledovanij, 2019. – S. 105-107.

3. Kardanov R. R., Gauzhaeva V. A., Buraeva L. A. Neobhodimost’ primenenija kriminalisticheskoj tehniki pri osmotre mesta proisshestvija // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. – # 3 (142). – S. 238-240.

4. Starchenko A. V. Problemy organizacii ohrany mesta proisshestvija do pribytija sledstvenno-operativnoj gruppy // Pravo Doneckoj Narodnoj Respubliki. – 2019. – # 4 (16). – S. 72-78.

5. Fidel’ P. M., Chibunin V. M. O neobhodimyh kachestvah sotrudnikov policii, svjazannyh s ohranoj obshhestvennogo porjadka, raskrytiem prestuplenij i protivodejstviem prestupnosti // Dejatel’nost’ pravoohranitel’nyh organov v sovremennyh uslovijah: sbornik materialov XXI mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – Irkutsk: FGKOU VPO «VSI MVD Rossii», 2016. – S. 318-321.

6. Chernyshjov S. A. O voprosah organizacii ohrany mesta proisshestvija // Belgorodskie kriminalisticheskie chtenija: sbornik nauchnyh trudov. – Belgorod: Belgorodskij juridicheskij institut MVD Rossii im. I. D. Putilina, 2017. – S. 222-224.

Analyzing the results of the activities of the law enforcement agencies of the North Caucasus Federal District, the article highlights the current problems of identifying sources and suppressing the facts of financing terrorist and extremist activities in the North Caucasian region.

Keywords: extremism, terrorism, financing, counteraction, operational-search activity, the North Caucasus.

1. O protivodejstvii legalizacii (otmyvaniju) dohodov, poluchennyh prestupnym putem, i finansirovaniju terrorizma: Federal’nyj zakon ot 07.08.2001 #115-FZ (red. ot 16.12.2019, s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 01.01.2020) [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/ bank/17274

2. Reshenie Verhovnogo Suda RF ot 29 dekabrja 2014 g. #AKPI14-1424S // SPS Garant [Jelektronnyj resurs]. –Rezhim dostupa: ttps://base.garant.ru/ 70854558/

3. Goljandin N.P., Mashekuasheva M.H. Problemnye voprosy protivodejstvija mehanizmam finansirovanija terrorizma // Social’no-politicheskie nauki. 2018. # 4. S. 158-160.

4. Romankova A.A., Fedorov A.V. Protivodejstvie legalizacii dohodov kak zashhita prav i zakonnyh interesov grazhdan, obshhestva i gosudarstva // Konstitucija Rossijskoj Federacii kak garant prav i svobod cheloveka i grazhdanina: materialy Vserossijskoj nacional’noj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii: Rostov-na- Donu: Rostovskij gosudarstvennyj universitet putej soobshhenija. 2019. S. 217-221.

5. Finansirovanie terroristicheskoj organizacii Islamskoe gosudarstvo Iraka i Levanta (IGIL): Otchet FATF. Fevral’, 2015 g.// Evrazijskaja gruppa po protivodejstviju legalizacii prestupnyh dohodov i finansirovaniju terrorizma [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://eurasiangroup.org /files/FATF_docs/IGIL.pdf

6. Hau Dzh. Kraudsorsing: Kollektivnyj razum kak instrument razvitija biznesa / Dzheff Hau; Per. s angl.— M.: Al’pina Pablisher, 2012. — 288 s.

The professional activity of the employees of the security departments of persons subject to state protection is associated with a great responsibility for their own lives and for the life of the protected person. Employees of the state protection bodies often have to act in extreme circumstances, so they must be able to withstand various types of negative impacts from threat carriers. In this article, our focus will be on measures to ensure employees government security protection of the protected person and their own safety in case of spraying dangerous chemicals.

Keywords: employee, protected person, dangerous chemical substance, protective measures, first aid.

1. Vostroknutov A. L. Zashhita naselenija i territorij v chrezvychajnyh situacijah. Osnovy topografii: uchebnik dlja vuzov / A. L. Vostroknutov, V. N. Suprun, G. V. Shevchenko; pod obshhej redakciej A. L. Vostroknutova. – 2-e izd., ispr. i dop. – M.: Izdatel’stvo Jurajt, 2021. – 410 s. [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: https://urait.ru/bcode/477358 (data

obrashhenija: 12.02.2021).

2. Masejchuk Ju. M., Fajrushin T. A. Nekotorye osobennosti osushhestvlenija mery bezopasnosti «lichnaja ohrana» v peshem porjadke // Dejatel’nost’ pravoohranitel’nyh organov po protivodejstviju jekstremizmu i terrorizmu. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – 2019. – S. 39-41.

3. Sergeeva D. I., Ahijarov R. A. O nekotoryh voprosah dejstvij sotrudnikov OVD (policii) v jekstremal’nyh situacijah // Aktual’nye problemy prava i gosudarstva v XXI veke. – 2020. – T. 12. – # 1. – S. 77-79.

4. Soljanikov V. D., Kaznin Ju. F. Okazanie medicinskoj pomoshhi porazhennym avarijno himicheski opasnymi veshhestvami // Rossijskij semejnyj vrach. – 2008. – # 3. – C. 39–44. [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/okazanie-meditsinskoy-pomoschi-porazhennymavariyno-himicheski-opasnymi-veschestvami (data obrashhenija: 12.02.2021).

5. Jurtushkin V. I. Chrezvychajnye situacii: zashhita naselenija i territorij: uchebnoe posobie. – 3-e izd., pererab. i dop. – M: KNORUS, 2014. – 368 s.

The current state of affairs in the fight against terrorism remains a major challenge for the international community. Terrorism as a global problem of our time continues to exist and is being transformed into more and more sophisticated and yet inaccessible forms, which are being fought everywhere. The authors in the article considered some of the main causes of the emergence and ways to counter modern terrorism. At the same time, the assessment of experts and specialists who give forecasts for the near future in the fight against terrorism still shows the severity of the problem and the long prospect of its resolution.

Keywords: Terrorism, counter-terrorism, terrorist financing, international terrorism

1. Mezhdunarodnaja konvencija o bor’be s finansirovaniem terrorizma. Prinjata rezoljuciej 54/109 General’noj Assamblei OON ot 9 dekabrja 1999 goda.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/terfin.shtml(data obrashhenija: 10.03.2021).

2. Panenkov A. A. Bor’ba s finansirovaniem terrorizma (rossijskij i zarubezhnyj opyt) // Mezhdunarodnoe ugolovnoe pravo i mezhdunarodnaja justicija.- 2013. – # 6. – S. 10-14.

3. Prezident podpisal Federal’nyj zakon «O ratifikacii Konvencii Shanhajskoj organizacii sotrudnichestva protiv terrorizma» 2 oktjabrja 2010 g.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/9133 (data obrashhenija: 10.03.2021).

4. Terrorizm kak global’naja problema sovremennosti, osnovnye sposoby protivodejstvija terrorizmu.[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://bgdcommunity.livejournal.com/8983.html (data obrashhenija:05.03.2021).

5. Czin’ Ina. Mezhdunarodnyj terrorizm. Osnovnye puti bor’by protiv mezhdunarodnogo terrorizma na sovremennom jetape // Molodoj uchenyj. — 2017. — #20 (154). — S. 389-392.

The article analyzes the development of the strategy worked out in the Russian Federation in the field of countering extremism and, in particular, the evolutionary path that has now passed one of the fundamental documents in this area – the Strategy for Countering Extremism in the Russian Federation until 2025. The author notes the importance of timely response to the changing threats associated with extremism, emphasizes the importance of involving civil society institutions in activities to prevent extremism and neutralize the negative factors of its impact on Russian society.

Keywords: extremism, national security, strategy, concept, timely response, legislation updating.

1. Federal’nyj zakon ot 28.06.2014 # 172-FZ (red. Ot 31.07.2020) «O strategicheskom planirovanii v Rossijskoj Federacii» // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 30 ijunja 2014 g. – # 26 (chast’I). – St. 3378.

2. Federal’nyj zakon ot 28 dekabrja 2010 g. # 390-FZ «O bezopasnosti» // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 3 janvarja 2011 g. – # 1. – St. 2.

3. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 31 dekabrja 2015 g. # 683 «O Strategii nacional’noj bezopasnosti Rossijskoj Federacii» // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 4 janvarja 2016 g. – # 1 (chast’ II). – St. 212

In recent years, the Russian law enforcement system has significantly increased attention to the investigation of crimes in the field of illegal arms trafficking. One of the factors, contributing to the crimes’ commission of different levels of severity is illegal arms trafficking.

We can also say, that this factor contributes to the rapid expansion of organized crime and terrorism. That is why the weapon was, is and will be a serious, socially dangerous instrument of destruction, which creates a real threat to public safety, state and international security.

Keywords: illegal arms trafficking, violence, crime, firearms, law,main parts.

1. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 31.12.2015 # 683 «O Strategii nacional’noj bezopasnosti Rossijskoj Federacii».

2. Ugolovnyj kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii» ot 13.06.1996 # 63-FZ.

3. Federal’nyj zakon «Ob oruzhii» ot 13.12.1996 # 150-FZ.

4. Postanovlenie Plenuma Verhovnogo suda # 15 ot 11 ijunja 2019 g. «O sudebnoj praktike po delam o hishhenii, vymogatel’stve i nezakonnom oborote oruzhija, boepripasov, vzryvchatyh veshhestv i vzryvnyh ustrojstv».

5. Azimov P. B. Nezakonnyj oborot oruzhija v Rossijskoj Federacii. — Tekst: neposredstvennyj // Molodoj uchenyj. 2020. # 23 (313).. 179-181.

The article examines the problem of the influence of education on terrorist and extremist manifestations among the younger generation. The modern education system is supported by various technologies, but the “depersonalization” of education entails a number of difficulties. The studies carried out by the authors clearly demonstrate that in the process of education, certain determinants are revealed that affect the positive dynamics of the education of a modern personality. The article presents the measures necessary to improve and maintain a high level and quality of education. A detailed analysis of the conceptual simplification of modern education, the necessary skills and abilities of trainees, information saturation, coupled with technical dependence, as well as the degree of vulnerability of trainees and the decrease in the value of personal learning is carried out.

Keywords: modern education, upbringing, personality, terrorism, extremism, learning process.

1. Mazdogova Z. Z. Prichiny i uslovija vozniknovenija molodjozhnogo jekstremizma. // Evrazijskoe Nauchnoe Ob”edinenie. – 2019. – # 9-2 (55). – S. 171-173.

2. Urusova L. H. O koncepcii sovremennoj sistemy nacional’nogo obrazovanija // Almamater (Vestnik vysshej shkoly). – Moskva: Izdatel’stvo OOO «INOIC«ALMAVEST», 2019. – # 10. – S. 16-18.

This scientific article examines the theoretical and practical prerequisites for independent physical training of cadets based on information and telecommunications technologies. The basic

concepts of “information and telecommunications technologies”, “distance learning”, “Moodle system”, “physical training” are revealed. A survey of students in the Barnaul law Institute of the

MIA of Russia and the Altai state pedagogical University distance learning platform LMS “Moodle” is analyzed. The fundamental difference between our approach is that despite the existing difficulties and technical problems, in general, students have adapted to the conditions of distance learning, are satisfied with the educational process, and the work of the teaching staff is evaluated positively.

Keywords: information and telecommunications technologies, distance learning, Moodle system, physical training.

1. Bajankin O. V. Ispol’zovanie innovacionno-tehnicheskih sredstv obuchenija studentov instituta fizicheskoj kul’tury i sporta // Vestnik Saratovskogo oblastnogo instituta razvitija obrazovanija. – 2019. – #2 (18). – S. 81-86.

2. Botvin I. V., Ermakova O. V., Rep’eva A. M. Prinuditel’nye mery vospitatel’nogo vozdejstvija: vchera, segodnja, zavtra: uchebnoe posobie. – Barnaul: AZBUKA, 2018.

3. Zajcev S. V. Innovacionnye puti razvitija fizkul’turno-sportivnogo obrazovanija na osnove obuchajushhej sredy Moodle // V sbornike: Vserossijskaja nauchno-prakticheskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Razvitie obrazovatel’nogo prostranstva regional’nyh vuzov v sisteme koordinat prioritetnyh proektov RF: luchshie praktiki». sbornik materialov. Altajskij gosudarstvennyj universitet. –2018. – S. 168-176.

4. Nazarov A. N. Mirovye tendencii v razvitii informacionno-telekommunikacionnyh sistem // Informacionnoe obshhestvo. – 1997, vyp. 1. – S. 24-27.

5. Popova N. V. Vkljuchenie innovacionnyh tehnologij obuchenija v processe zdorov’esberegajushhego prostranstva Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta // Aktual’nye nauchnye issledovanija v sovremennom mire. – 2019. – # 2-5 (46). – S. 155-158.

6. Popova N. V. Sovremennye problemy i perspektivy napravlenija innovacionnogo razvitija v kontekste fizkul’turno-sportivnogo obrazovanija // V sbornike: Sovremennye problemy i perspektivnye napravlenija innovacionnogo razvitija nauki. Sbornik statej po itogam Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – 2018. – S. 47-49.

This article provides the necessary knowledge and understanding of the legal application of interactive technologies in physical culture and sports, ways of interaction between a teacher and students to achieve certain goals and objectives. Physical culture lessons have great opportunities for the use of interactive technologies in order to teach new movements and improve motor skills.

Keywords: Situations modeling, legal application, interactive learning, cognitive process, training criteria, dramatization.

1. Bondarevskaja E. V. Obrazovatel’no-professional’nyj standart kak instrument innovacionnogo razvitija pedagogicheskogo obrazovanija v federal’nom universitete // Pedagogicheskie problemy molodezhnoj politiki. – 2015. – S. 81-90.

2. Holodov Zh. K., Kuznecov V. S., Teorija i metodika fizicheskogo vospitanija i sporta: ucheb. Posobie dlja stud. vyssh. ucheb. zavedenij. – 7-e izd., ster. –Akademija, 2009. – S. 450.

3. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http:www.bti.secna.ru/teacher/umk/…/Pamyatka_interaktivnye_formy-1.

4. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://revolution.allbest.ru/pedagogics/00675842_0.htm.

The author of the article speaks about the relevance of the topic of pedagogical science to the theory and practice of education and personality education. The article considers the long way of forming and designing pedagogical science from ancient Greek philosophical views to modern standardized pedagogical theory. The influence and significance of philosophical thoughts on the

formation of pedagogical science is considered, methods used at the present stage of the development of pedagogical teaching, introduced from the ideas of ancient Greek scholars, are given. The author analyzes the role of modern educational standards, as well as the use of information tools for the modern pedagogical system, taking into account the social and psychological aspects of students.

A study of the merits and shortcomings of modern pedagogical science is being conducted, prospects for improving pedagogy and its categories in the future are being proposed.

Keywords: philosophy of pedagogy, philosophy of pedagogical education development prospects, history, pedagogy today, standards.

1. Dzhurinskij A. N. Istorija rossijskoj pedagogiki:uchebnoe posobie. – Juzhno-Sahalinsk: SahGU, 2010. -215 s.

2. Matanova E. A. Pedagogika segodnja: problemy i reshenija // Pedagogika segodnja: problemy i reshenija: materialy V Mezhdunar. nauch. konf. – Sankt-Peterburg: Svoe izdatel’stvo, 2019. – S. 9-10.

3. Pozdnjakov A. N. Istorija pedagogiki i obrazovanija za rubezhom i v Rossii: Uchebnoe posobie. – Saratov:Izdatel’skij centr «Nauka», 2009. – 144 s.

4. Rasporjazhenie Pravitel’stva RF ot 12.11.2020 #2945-R «Ob utverzhdenii plana meroprijatij po realizacii v 2021-2025 godah Strategii razvitija vospitanija v Rossijskoj Federacii na period do 2025 goda».

5. Serebrennikova A. V. Sovremennye tehnologii v vuzovskom obrazovanii // Obrazovanie i pedagogika: perspektivy razvitija: materialy Vseros. nauch.-prakt. konf. – Cheboksary: ID «Sreda», 2020. – S. 39-40

The teaching process includes many different forms of learning. Modern society is improving and therefore teachers of various educational institutions need to carry out certain work to develop and introduce new ways of teaching and teaching professional knowledge into the educational process. The author of this article examines this aspect, affecting it from a more in-depth side.

Keywords: learning process, teaching, professional knowledge, educational institutions, educational process.

1. Bondar’ A. G. Aktual’nye problemy v dejatel’nosti specializirovannyh podrazdelenij organov vnutrennih del po voprosam protivodejstvija korrupcionnoj prestupnosti // Problemy jekonomiki i juridicheskoj praktiki. – 2020. – T. 16. – # 4. – S. 314-316.

2. Kuchmezov R. A. O nekotoryh sposobah sovershenstvovanija sotrudnikov policii pri protivodejstvii sovremennym vyzovam v uslovijah globalizacii // Nauchno-metodicheskij jelektronnyj zhurnal koncept. – 2017. – T. 2. – S. 299.

3. Kuchmezov R. A. Pedagogicheskie osnovy povyshenija kachestva podgotovki sotrudnikov MVD Rossii //Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovanija. – 2018. – # 60-1. – S. 166-168.

4. Nagoeva M. A. Pravovoe vospitanie sredi nesovershennoletnih // Aktual’nye problemy prava i pravoprimenitel’noj dejatel’nosti materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii pod obshhej redakciej V. A. Sosova. – 2017. – S. 192-195.

The article discusses the importance of practical training in fire training for cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The need for training in the shooting range and on the shooting range, training in self-defense and tactics.

Keywords: use of weapons, police officer, fire training, pistol shooting.

1. Muzafin R. R. Aktual’nye voprosy v podgotovke sotrudnikov v ramkah sluzhebno-boevoj podgotovki[Tekst]: sbornik: Dejatel’nost’ pravoohranitel’nyh organov v sovremennyh uslovijah. Sbornik materialov XXV Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj

konferencii. – 2020. – S. 107-109.

2. Muzafin R. R. Metodika obuchenija sotrudnikov policii, napravlennaja na sovershenstvovanie navykov strel’by iz tabel’nogo oruzhija v uslovijah vozdejstvija stressogennyh faktorov, [Tekst]: Dejatel’nost’ organov vnutrennih del po obespecheniju

bezopasnosti lic, podlezhashhih gosudarstvennoj zashhite v sovremennyh uslovijah: voprosy teorii i praktiki. – 2016. – # 3. – S. 212-214.

3. Nikiforov P. V., Muzafin R. R. Ispol’zovanie strelkovyh trenazherov v podgotovke sotrudnikov OVD [Tekst] // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. – # 3 (142). – S. 275-276.

4. Nikiforov P. V., Muzafin R. R. K voprosu o nekotoryh osobennostjah ognevoj podgotovki slushatelej, obuchajushhihsja po profilju special’nosti uchastkovyh upolnomochennyh policii v obrazovatel’nyh organizacijah ministerstva vnutrennih del Rossii[Tekst] // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2019.- # 6 (133). – S. 331-334.

5. Noskov O. S. Aktual’nye napravlenija sovershenstvovanija metodiki provedenija prakticheskih zanjatij po taktiko-special’noj podgotovke // Aktual’nye problemy prava i gosudarstva v XXI veke.- 2019. – T. 11. – # 1. – S. 471-474.

6. Ogryza A. V. Slovar’ special’nyh terminov po ognevoj podgotovke [Tekst]: slovar’ / A. V. Ogryza, N.Ju. Gorjacheva. – Ufa: UJuI MVD Rossii, 2013. – 28 s.- ISBN 978-5-7247-0714-5: 5,47.

The article raises the problem of cadets’ adaptation to the performance of shooting exercises, the influence of the stress factor on the results of shooting, and also suggests ways to solve the problems that arise during shooting. The importance of an individual approach during shooting and the professionalism of the shooting director and teacher is pointed out.

Keywords: fire training, adaptation, shooting, weapons, shooting exercises, stress factors, shooting errors, ways to eliminate errors.

1. Bel’skaja E. Ja., Starceva E. V., Starcev N. A. Modernizacija programmy adaptacii studentov pervogo kursa v vuzovskoj srede // Mezhdunarodnyj nauchno-issledovatel’skij zhurnal. – 2016. – Chast’ 4. – # 12(54). – S. 9-10.

2. Kuznecov B. V. Adaptacija kursantov pervogo kursa k obrazovatel’nomu processu voenizirovannyh uchebnyh zavedenij sredstvami fizicheskoj kul’tury (na primere Voronezhskogo instituta GPS MChS RF): avtoref. dis. … kand. ped. nauk. – Sankt-Peterburg, 2015.- S. 25.

3. Medvedev A. V., Vetrova Ju. V., Mjasishheva Ju. V. Psihologicheskaja podgotovka kursanta-strelka // Vestnik BelJuI MVD Rossii. – 2017. – # 2. – S. 72.

4. Muzafin R. R. Aktual’nye voprosy v podgotovke sotrudnikov v ramkah sluzhebno-boevoj podgotovki[Tekst]: sbornik: Dejatel’nost’ pravoohranitel’nyh organov v sovremennyh uslovijah. Sbornik materialov XXV Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – 2020. – S. 107-109.

5. Ogryza A. V., Gorjacheva N. Ju. Slovar’ special’nyh terminov po ognevoj podgotovke [Tekst]: slovar’. -Ufa: UJuI MVD Rossii, 2013. – 28 s. – ISBN 978-5-7247-0714-5: 5,47.

6. Shumkov G. E. Psihika bojcov vo vremja srazhenij. -Sankt-Peterburg, 1905. – S. 76.

7. Jelektronnoe periodicheskoe izdanie «NovaInfo».[Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://novainfo.ru/article/14306 (data obrashhenija: 25.01.2021).

The relevance of the topic is determined by the need of the state and society in the formation of the rule of law and the acquisition of legal knowledge by students in the process of legal socialization through training and education in law schools of the country.

The article is devoted to the problems of scientific and theoretical foundations of training specialists in law schools in Russia. In the implementation of these tasks, the author considers a number of general theoretical directions in pedagogy and didactics of higher legal education in the Russian Federation.

Keywords: pedagogy, didactics, educational process. law, jurisprudence, legal consciousness.

1. Blinov V.I., Vinenko V.G., Sergeev I.S. Metodika prepodavanija v vysshej shkole: uchebno-prakticheskoe posobie. M.: Izdatel’stvo Jurajt, 2019. 315 s.

2. Levitan K.M. Juridicheskaja pedagogika: uchebnik.M.: Norma, NIC INFRA – M, 2016. 416 s.

3. Mahalkov I.K., Semina M.V. Strategija kejs stadi:metodologija issledovanija i prepodavanija: uchebnik dlja vuzov. M.: Akademicheskij Proekt; Al’ma Mater, 2017. 443 s.

4. Novikova L.I. Aktual’nye voprosy metodiki pravovogo vospitanija i obuchenija: Uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie. M.: RGUP, 2017. 164 s.

5. Organizacija uchebnoj i vospitatel’noj raboty v vuze. Vyp. 5. M.: RGUP, 2015.

6. Sokolov N.Ja., Matevosova E.K. Pravovoe vospitanie v sovremennom rossijskom obshhestve: uchebnoe posobie. M.: Prospekt, 2015. 128 s.

7. Torgashev G.A. Metodika prepodavanija jurisprudencii v vysshej shkole. M.: RGUP, 2016. 260 s.

8. Tradicionnoe i innovacionnoe v metodike prepodavanija juridicheskih disciplin: Uchebnoe posobie dlja molodyh prepodavatelej. M.: RGUP, 2016. Serija «Metodika». 224 s.

The article analyzes the problems of implementing digital education, the problems of legal regulation of digital education. Some key legal acts that are aimed at regulating digital education

are being considered. The legal foundations of the modern digital educational environment are

revealed. New educational tools are being analyzed. The article shows the principles of a modern

digital educational environment.

Keywords: digital education, digital training, legal regulation, digital educational environment.

1. Ukaz Prezidenta Rossijskoj Federacii «O nacional’nyh celjah razvitija Rossijskoj Federacii na period do 2030 goda // Oficial’nyj internet-portal pravovoj informacii. [Jelektronnyj resurs].– Rezhim dostupa: http://pravo.gov.ru 21.07.2020

2. Postanovlenie Pravitel’stva ot 16 nojabrja 2020 goda # 1836 «O gosudarstvennoj informacionnoj sisteme «Sovremennaja cifrovaja obrazovatel’naja sreda». [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:http://pravo.gov.ru 19.11.2020

3. Postanovlenie Pravitel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 26 dekabrja 2017 goda «Ob utverzhdenii gosudarstvennoj programmy Rossijskoj Federacii «Razvitie obrazovanija» // SZ RF. 2018. st. 375.

4. Ahmetzhanova G.V., Jur’ev A.V. Cifrovye tehnologii v obrazovanii // Baltijskij gumanitarnyj zhurnal. 2018. T. 7. # 3 (24). S. 334

5. El’nikova E.V. Ispol’zovanie cifrovyh tehnologij v sisteme kriteriev ocenki obrazovatel’nyh programm pri provedenii professional’no-obshhestvennoj akkreditacii // Predprinimatel’skoe pravo. Prilozhenie «Pravo i biznes». 2019. # 3. S.55-60.

6. Kozlova N.Sh. Cifrovye tehnologii v obrazovanii// Vestnik Majkopskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologicheskogo universiteta. 2019. 1/40. S. 91.

7. Merzon E.E., Rjabov O.R. Neodnoznachnost’ problem cifrovogo obrazovanija // Psihologija cheloveka v obrazovanii. 2019. T. 1. # 1. S. 42.

8. Stojushko N.Ju. Tarasov A.M. Cifrovoe obrazovanie: prioritety i perspektivy // Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovanija. 2019. 64-4. S.319.

9. Federal’nyj portal proektov normativnyh pravovyh aktov. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https: regulation.gov.ru

10. Sharonin Ju.V. Cifrovye tehnologii v vysshem i professional’nom obrazovanii: ot lichnostno-orientirovannoj smart-didaktiki k blokchejnu v celevoj podgotovke specialistov // Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovanija. 2019. # 1.

The article continues the analysis of the results of sociological research carried out within the framework of the Program of Fundamental and Applied Scientific Research “Ethnocultural Diversity of Russian Society and Strengthening the All-Russian Identity” in the south of the Tyumen Region in 2020 in cities and towns of the region. The study made it possible to reveal not only the assessments of young people on issues of interethnic relations, but also to reveal trends depending on the main socio-demographic indicators

Keywords: culture of interethnic communication, interethnic relations, youth, hostility, migrants.

1. Ignatova E. V., Hajrullina N. G., Kazakova N.V. Obshhestvenno-politicheskie, mezhnacional’nye i mezhkonfessional’nye otnoshenija v ocenkah studentov // Jekonomicheskie i gumanitarnye issledovanija regionov. – 2020. – # 2. – S. 129-133.

2. Hajrullina N. G. Mezhjetnicheskie otnoshenija v polijetnichnom rossijskom regione: sociologicheskoe izmerenie // Vestnik Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta im. A. N. Tupoleva. -2013. – # 1. – S. 182-184.

3. Hajrullina N. G., Shestakov S. A. Dinamika social’no-politicheskoj situacii v Tjumenskoj oblasti // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. – #3 (142). – S. 320-322.

4. Khairullina N. G., Sadykova K. N. Interaction between generations: a sociological approach // World Applied Sciences Journal. – 2014. – T. 31. – # 1. – S. 124-127

The article provides a comparative analysis of verbal lexemes taken from crime novels with the meaning of speaking: to speak, say, ask – in Russian, and to say, to ask to answer – in English. The purpose of this study was to establish as many lexemes as possible that perform the functions of speaking lexemes, as well as to classify these lexemes into groups. As a result of the study, the following conclusions were made: as verbal lexemes of speaking, lexemes that convey various extra- and paralinguistic meanings can be used; lexemes that convey some other features of non-verbal communication; lexemes reflecting the properties of the beginning and end of the

dialogue; lexemes that are often used to describe a physical or psychological state. Attention is drawn to the similarities and differences in the functioning in two languages of various groups of lexemes that perform a substitutive role.

Keywords: typology, author’s remark, dialogue, verbal lexeme, recurrence, crime novel, para- and extralinguistics.

1. Bajkalov A. Krestopoval: Armija vorov. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://iknigi net/avtoralbert-baykalov/64309-armiya-vorov-albert baykalov/read/ page-1.html (data obrashhenija: 01.02.2021).

2. Boziev A. T. Avtorskaja remarka v sovremennom russkom kriminal’nom detektive // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2018. – # 3. – S. 431-433.

3. Boziev A. T. Avtorskaja remarka v hudozhestvennom dialogovom diskurse // Uspehi sovremennoj nauki i obrazovanija. – 2017. – Tom 3. – # 5. – S. 24-26.

4. Ozhegov S. I. Slovar’ russkogo jazyka. – M.: «Russkij jazyk», 1988. – 682 s.

5. Gregory R. D. S. Mountain shadow. Published in the United States as an e-book in 2015 by Zola Books Inc. Edited by AMB.

6. Hornby A. S. Oxford Advanced Leaner’s Dictionary of Current English. – M.: Izdatel’stvo ‘Russkij jazyk’, 1982.– T. 1-2. – 1030 r.

The work discusses some modern and promising areas in technical sports, primarily – racing cars and bikes. The emphasis is on the platform solutions used there and the progress that has been achieved through the introduction of the latest, innovative technologies including artificial intelligence. Legal issues related to the implementation of these latest technologies, including data protection, are also discussed. It is shown that for the successful implementation and development of promising technical sports in Russia it is necessary to develop public-private partnerships and platform law in these areas.

Keywords: project «Archangel», autosport, motorsport, innovation, drones, motorcycling, platform business models, platform law, sports, engineering, technology, innovation, artificial intelligence.

1. Valiev R.N. Jeffektivnost’ gosudarstvenno-pravovogo regulirovanija v sfere fizicheskoj kul’tury i sporta v sovremennoj Rossii // Fizicheskaja kul’tura. Sport. Turizm. Dvigatel’naja rekreacija. – 2017.– Tom 2. – # 4. – S. 105-112.

2. Luksha O.P. Evropejskie tehnologicheskie platformy: vozmozhnosti ispol’zovanija evropejskogo opyta dlja sozdanija novogo instrumenta sodejstvija innovacionnomu razvitiju rossijskoj jekonomiki// Innovacii. – 2010. – # 9 (143). – S. 34-41.

3. Shraer A.V. Tehnologicheskie platformy kak instrument innovacionnogo razvitija // Kreativnaja jekonomika. – 2011. – Tom 5. – # 9. – S. 113-118.

4. Kenney M., Zysman J. The Rise of the Platform Economy// Issues in Science and Technology. – 2019. –Vol. 32. –# 3. – P. 61-69.

The article examines the possibilities and trends of using mobile telephony as a communication channel in the public relations system in terms of efficiency and accessibility for various target audiences, suggests possible schemes for this use and overcoming the problems and barriers of this type of interaction

Keywords: public relations, PR-communications, mobile systems, information, Internet, target audiences, targeting, promotion channel.

1. Dorozhkin Ju. N., Kozlova Ju. B., Kostyleva E. G. Osnovy teorii kommunikacii. – Ufa, 2003.

2. Gabdulhakova R. V., Shagiahmetova A. R. Vlijanie internet na harakter i jeffektivnost’ svjazej s obshhestvennost’ju // v sb.: Sovremennyj PR: teorija, praktika, obrazovanie: materialy XI Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt.konf. / redkoll.: Valitova N. Je., Gareev Je. S., Nabieva N. G. i dr.; pod obshh. red. Valitovoj N.Je., Gareeva Je. S., Nabievoj N. G. – Ufa: Izd-vo UGNTU, 2017. – S. 56-58

3. Kozlova Ju. B., Grogulenko N. V., Nafikova L. I. Osobennosti kampanii prodvizhenija produkcii nauchno-issledovatel’skoj organizacii na primere gosudarstvennogo unitarnogo predprijatija instituta neftehimpererabotki Respubliki Bashkortostan// Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. – # 3(142). – S. 384-385.

4. Hans Geser: Towards a Sociological Theory of the Mobile Phone. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:http://geser.net/mobile/t_geser1.pdf (data obrashhenija:12.01.2021)

The article discusses the main trends in the development of content marketing on the Internet in 2021, as well as its advantages and use in e-commerce. The current novelties of electronic applications and the use of content strategies in them are analyzed.

Keywords: marketing, content-marketing, e-commerce, supper-apps, gamification, podcasts, advertising, promotion, online market.

1. Gabdulhakova R. V., Shagiahmetova A. R. Vlijanie internet na harakter i jeffektivnost’ svjazej s obshhestvennost’ju // v sb.: Sovremennyj PR: teorija, praktika, obrazovanie: materialy XI Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt.konf. / redkoll.: Valitova N. Je., Gareev Je. S., Nabieva N. G. i dr.; pod obshh. red. Valitovoj N. Je., Gareeva Je. S., Nabievoj N. G. – Ufa: Izd-vo UG-NTU, 2017. – S. 56-58.

2. Kozlova Ju. B., Grogulenko N. V., Nafikova L. I. Osobennosti kampanii prodvizhenija produkcii nauchno-issledovatel’skoj organizacii na primere gosudarstvennogo unitarnogo predprijatija instituta neftehimpererabotki Respubliki Bashkortostan // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. -# 3 (142). – S. 384-385.

3. Oficial’nyj sajt VCIOM. Rossijane poljubili slushat’ podkasty. [Jelektronnyj resurs] – Rezhim dostupa: https://wciom.ru/analytical-reviews/analiticheskii-obzor/rossiyane-polyubili-slushatpodkasty(data obrashhenija: 26.02.2021).

4. Oficial’nyj sajt Prescient & Strategic Intelligence. Gamification Market Research Report. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.psmarketresearch.com/market-analysis/gamificationmarket(data obrashhenija: 26.02.2021).

5. Rouz. R., Pulicci D. Upravlenie kontent-marketingom. Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo po sozdaniju lojal’noj auditorii dlja vashego biznesa. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://mega-eworld.com/upload/iblock/2a8/pdf_bk_2062_upravlenie_kontent_marketingom_prakticheskoe_rukovodstvo_po_sozdaniyu_loyalnoy_auditorii_dlya_vashego_biznesa_robert_rouzbook.a4.pdf (data obrashhenija: 26.02.2021).

6. Inc.Russia – Zhurnal dlja predprinimatelej. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://incrussia.ru/specials/superapp/ (data obrashhenija: 26.02.2021).

The article substantiates the place of the system of social standardization in the mechanism of regulating the income of the population. The revenue policy is implemented through the revenue

regulation mechanism. The system of social standardization for the regulation of the income of the population uses the methods of the income policy of the population. The analysis of the Constitution of the Russian Federation (in in part of state social guarantees) allowed us to conclude that the income of the population acts as one of the subject areas of social standardization.

Keywords: social standard, system of social standardization, income of the population, income policy of the population.

1. Konstitucija RF (prinjata vsenarodnym golosovaniem 12.12.1993 s izm., odobrennymi v hode obshherossijskogo golosovanija 01.07.2020). [Jelektronnyj resurs] – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_28399/

2. Vlasov M. A. Social’naja politika kak sostavljajushhaja gosudarstvennoj politiki: politologicheskij analiz rossijskogo i zarubezhnogo opyta.Dis. … na soiskanie uchenoj stepeni kand. polit. nauk: 23.00.02. – Syktyvkar, 2015. -191 s.

3. Gricenko N. N. Koncepcija social’nogo gosudarstva Rossijskoj Federacii // Uroven’ zhizni naselenija regionov Rossii. – 2005. – # 8 – 9.- S. 22-37.

4. Konvencija MOT 111 «Ob osnovnyh celjah i normah social’noj politiki». [Jelektronnyj resurs] – Rezhim dostupa: https://base.garant.ru/2541280/

5. L’vov D. S. Social’naja doktrina Rossii // Uroven’ zhizni naselenija regionov Rossii. – 2005. -# 8 – 9. – S. 14-21.

The article presents the impact of corruption crimes on the economic security of the country. Modern forms of corruption negatively affect the political stability and economic security of the state, create a real threat to national security. Corruption activities are carried out using various economic, social and political mechanisms that represent a complex system. The author formulates the main reasons that affect the level of corruption crime and the economic security of the country, and notes the need for further development of an effective mechanism and conditions for countering this dangerous social phenomenon.

Keywords: corruption, economical safety, corruption offences, public official, state government body, anti-corruption mechanisms.

1. Danilov D.D. Korrupcionnaja prestupnost’ kak social’no-pravovoj fenomen // Bezopasnost’ ugolovno-ispolnitel’noj sistemy. – 2011. – # 2 (14). – S. 53-56.

2. Indeks vosprijatija korrupcii. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://transparency.org.ru(data obrashhenija: 18.02.2021 g.)

 

In modern conditions, trade in the Russian Federation has become the most important type of entrepreneurship. It is, for a number of objective and subjective reasons, the most rapidly developing sector of the national economy, affecting the interests of all subjects of market relations:the population, producers of commodity products, the state and the trade itself. Trade turnover is one of the most important indicators of a country’s economic and social development.

This article analyzes the place and role of trade in economic development of the region, the dynamics of the turnover of individual segments of the retail industry, trends in the number of commercial enterprises and number of employees, the positive and negative aspects of trade development.

Keywords: trade, enterprises, trade turnover, number, economic development.

1. Golikova G. V. Potrebitel’skij rynok g. Voronezha:sostojanie, problemy, perspektivy / G. V. Golikova, O. B. Dzjubenko // Problemy i perspektivy sovremennoj jekonomiki: sb. st. Vyp. 4. – Voronezh. ISTOKI, 2018. – S. 64-69.

2. Kitieva M. I., Pugoeva L. B. Osnovnye mehanizmy gosudarstvennogo regulirovanija vneshnej torgovli //Colloquium-journal. – 2019. – # 2-6 (26). – S. 62.

3. Kitieva M. I., Dolova A. M. Metody gosudarstvennogo regulirovanija mezhdunarodnoj torgovli //Colloquium-journal. – 2018. – # 13-10 (24). – S. 48-50.

4. Strategija social’no-jekonomicheskogo razvitija Respubliki Ingushetija na 2009 – 2020 gody i na period do 2030 goda (s izmenenijami na 30 ijunja 2020 goda).

The relevance of the topic of the article is caused by the need to increase the effectiveness of state influence on advertising activities, improving the mechanism of administrative and legal regulation of advertising activities, in order to ensure reliable protection of the rights and state interests, entrepreneurship, economic entities and citizens in the field of advertising information in the context of digitalization.

Keyword: state regulation of advertising activities, information and communication technologies, digitalization, subjects of the advertising market.

1. Federal’nyj zakon [Jelektronnyj resurs]: ot 18.03.2019 # 34-FZ «O vnesenii izmenenij v chasti pervuju, vtoruju i stat’ju 1124 chasti tret’ej GK RF».

2. Federal’nyj zakon ot 13.03.2006 # 38-FZ (red. Ot 28.01.2021) «O reklame» // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva Rossijskoj Federacii. – 2006. – # 12. – St. 1232.

3. Antonov L.V. Specifika gosudarstvennogo regulirovanija reklamnogo rynka v sovremennyh uslovijah// Social’no-jekonomicheskie javlenija i processy. – 2010. – # 2 (018). – S. 12-19.

4. Gosudarstvennoe regulirovanie reklamnoj dejatel’nosti. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:5. h t t p s : / / s p r a v o c h n i c k . r u / r e k l a m a _ i _ p r /g o s u d a r s t v e n n o e _ r e g u l i r o v a n i e _ r e k l a m n o y _deyatelnosti/

6. Zor’kin V.D. Pravo v cifrovom mire. Razmyshlenie na poljah Peterburgskogo mezhdunarodnogo juridicheskogo foruma. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://rg.ru/2018/05/29/zorkin-zadachagosudarstva-priznavat-i-zashchishchat-cifrovyepravagrazhdan.html

7. Nazarov V.I. Zakonodatel’nye mehanizmy gosudarstvennogo regulirovanija reklamnoj dejatel’nosti v Rossijskoj Federacii // Simvol nauki: mezhdunarodnyj nauchnyj zhurnal. – 2016. – # 4-2 (16). – S.48-50.

8. Sergeeva O.Ju., Bajramova L.I. Sovremennye mediatehnologii v uslovijah aktivnogo razvitija reklamnoj dejatel’nosti // Voprosy jekonomiki i upravlenija. – 2015. – # 2. – S. 76-78.

9. Sergeeva O.Ju., Gajsina A.R., Batyrshina D.R., Razumejkina D.P., Salihova A.R., Shigapova A.R. Cifrovaja reklama kak instrument informacionno-kommunikacionnoj sistemy // Jekonomika i predprinimatel’stvo. – 2019. – Tom 13. – # 9 (110).- S. 727-730.

10. Sergeeva O.Ju., Sabirova Je.O., Azamatova K.A., Kening A.Ju. Kommunikacionno-informacionnye tehnologii v cifrovoj jekonomike // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2019. – # 11. – S. 421-423.

11. Habrieva T.Ja., Chernogor N.N. Pravo v uslovijah cifrovoj real’nosti // Zhurnal rossijskogo prava.- 2018. – # 1. – S. 85-102.

The article analyzes the principles of circular economy. The article describes the barriers hindering the formation of a circular economy in Russia. The role of standardization in a circular economy as a basis for increasing the competitiveness of economic agents is substantiated.

Keywords: standardization, circular economy, competitiveness, economic agents, eco-labeling.

1. Abezin D.A.. Anisimov A.P. Teorija cirkuljarnoj jekonomiki i perspektivy ee vlijanija na zakonodatel’stvo ob othodah proizvodstva i potreblenija // Gumanitarnye i juridicheskie issledovanija. – 2018. – # 3. – S.143-149.

2. Aleksandrova V.D. Sovremennaja koncepcija cirkuljarnoj jekonomiki // Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal gumanitarnyh i estestvennyh nauk. – 2019. – # 5-1. – S. 87-93.

3. Val’ko D.V. Cirkuljarnaja jekonomika: osnovnye biznes-modeli i jekonomicheskie vozmozhnosti // Zhurnal jekonomicheskoj teorii. – 2020. – T. 17 – # 1. – S. 156-163.

4. Eliseev D.M. Jeffektivnost’ sistemy standartizacii kak faktor konkurentosposobnosti v uslovijah globalizacii // Vestnik Saratovskogo gosudarstvennogo social’no-jekonomicheskogo universiteta. – 2010. – # 5(34). – S. 74-75.

5. Zadorozhnjaja L.E., Ratner S.V. Drajvery jekonomicheskogo rosta v cirkuljarnoj jekonomike // Drukerovskij vestnik. – 2020. – # 1. – S. 21-34.

6. Pahomova N.V., Rihter K.K., Vetrova M.A. Perehod k cirkuljarnoj jekonomike i zamknutym cepjam postavok kak faktor ustojchivogo razvitija // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Jekonomika. – 2017. – Tom 33. – # 2. – S. 244-268.

7. Pauliuk S. Critical appraisal of the circular economy standard BS 8001:2017 and a dashboard of quantitative system indicators for its implementation in organizations // Resources, Conservation & Recycling. – 2018. – # 129. – P. 81-92.

8. Taranic I. Understanding the Circular Economy in Europe, from Resource Efficiency to Sharing Platforms: The CEPS Framework // CEPS Special Report. – 2016. – # 143. – P. 1-21.

Management theory has developed various approaches to the strategic planning of enterprises. With the variety of enterprises that can be classified according to different characteristics, there is a need to clarify the methods of strategic planning in relation to enterprises that are characterized by special specifics. Such enterprises include innovative ones. The article describes the stages and features of the formation of strategic plans of innovative enterprises.

Keywords: innovative enterprise, strategic planning, management, stages, features.

1. Aparin N. I., Haritonova G. G. Metody strategicheskogo planirovanija dejatel’nosti predprijatija //Jekonomicheskie nauki. – 2007.– # 34. – S. 180–184.

2. Zharkov I. I. Problemy formirovanija sistemy strategicheskogo planirovanija innovacionnoj dejatel’nosti na promyshlennom predprijatii // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. – 2011. – # 12 (114). – S. 75–78.

3. Innovacionnoe razvitie Rossijskoj Federacii v 2019 godu. Innovacionnaja infrastruktura i osnovnye pokazateli innovacionnoj dejatel’nosti sub”ektov Rossijskoj Federacii. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.miiris.ru/digest/analitika_RF.pdf (data obrashhenija: 14.01.2021).

4. Kozjubro T. I. Metodicheskie podhody k strategicheskomu planirovaniju // Jekonomika i biznes: teorija i praktika. –2018. – # 8. – S. 54–57.

5. Mizanbekova S. K., Bogomolova I. P., Vasilenko I.N., Bogomolov A. V. Strategicheskoe planirovanie innovacionnogo razvitija predprijatija v uslovijah usilenija konkurencii i riskov // Tehnika i tehnologija pishhevyh proizvodstv. – 2019. – T. 49. # 1. – S.144-157.

6. Osnovnye pokazateli innovacionnoj dejatel’nosti. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/14477 (data obrashhenija: 14.01.2021).

7. Rudenko M. N., Oborina E. D., Pis’mennikov D. N. Strategicheskoe planirovanie / Perm. gos. nac. issled. un-t. – Perm’, 2014. – 96 s.

8. Sergeeva N. M. Strategicheskoe planirovanie: sushhnost’, jetapy i podhody v Rossii i v razvityh stranah // Innov: jelektronnyj nauchnyj zhurnal. – 2018.– # 3 (36). – S. 24.

9. Uroven’ innovacionnoj aktivnosti organizacij. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/14477 (data obrashhenija:14.01.2021).

The authors consider some aspects and methods of preliminary control in the system of management of state defense orders, control at the federal and departmental levels, define the system of public procurement, sources of financing of public procurement, consider the participation of legal entities in closed purchases of military equipment, as well as the rules of interaction between the Treasury and organizations.

Keywords: state defense order, Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia, preliminary control measures, financial control in the field of state defense order.

1. Strategija nacional’noj bezopasnosti RF, utverzhdennaja Ukazom Prezidenta Rossijskoj Federacii ot 31 dekabrja 2015 g. # 683.

2. Federal’nyj zakon # 275 ot 29.12.2012 «O gosudarstvennom oboronnom zakaze».

3. Federal’nyj zakon # 44 ot 5 aprelja 2013 «O kon-traktnoj sisteme v sfere zakupok tovarov, rabot, uslug dlja obespechenija gosudarstvennyh i municipal’nyh nuzhd»

Moral wear and tear of the construction object, along with physical wear and tear, is a determining factor of social comfort and consumer preferences in the operation of the real estate object (building). This raises the question of detecting the content of the concept of moral depreciation of the construction object. The strategic development of the construction complex, due to the execution of the order of the President of Russia dated 19.07.2018 No. Pr-1235, involves the creation of appropriate digital models with the calculation of indicators that ensure social comfort and well-being of citizens. The relevance of this research is determined by the scientifically based detection of the categorical and conceptual apparatus of the field of research, scientific and theoretical research, involving the development of the scientific and methodological base of research.

Keywords: digital construction, information model, digital model, design solution, spatial planning solutions, design solutions.

1. Poruchenie Prezidenta RF ot 19.07.2018 g. # Pr-1235

2. Postanovlenie Pravitel’stva RF # 1431 ot 15.09.2020 «Ob utverzhdenii Pravil formirovanija i vedenija informacionnoĭ modeli ob”ekta kapital’nogo stroitel’stva».

3. Hajrullin V.A., Ahundov Je.R., Kuznecov D.V., Zencov V.N. Ocenka social’nogo i bjudzhetnogo jeffekta pri realizacii investicionnyh proektov zatratnogo tipa v stroitel’stve: monografija. Kazan’:Buk, 2021. 226 s.

The rapid development of digitalization and the use of artificial intelligence in various spheres of public life in our country and the world has led to a new round of the scientific and technological revolution.

The economy, in turn, is naturally undergoing serious modernization. The introduction of platforms has created the need to create a specialized platform law corresponding to today’s life. However, when developing such innovative legislation, it is necessary to take into account not only legal, economic and technological aspects. It is important to understand that the need for legal regulation is a social need, caused simultaneously by a number of social and psychological processes. The article examines the psychological aspects of platform law as necessary elements of support for innovations and their advancement in the life of society and individuals.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, platform law, psychology, digital law, digital platforms

1. Vodjanova N. V. Samorealizacija lichnosti v prostranstve Interneta v kontekste kommunikativnoj antropologii // Vestnik Cheljabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. – 2009. – # 11 (149). – S. 57-62.

2. Gelishanov I. Z., Judina T. N., Babkin A. V. Cifrovye platformy v jekonomike: sushhnost’, modeli, tendencii razvitija // Nauchno-tehnicheskie vedomosti SPbGPU. Jekonomicheskie nauki. – 2018. – T. 11.– # 6. – S. 22-36.

3. Kashkin S. Ju., Altuhov A. V. V poiskah koncepcii pravovogo regulirovanija iskusstvennogo intellekta: platformennye pravovye modeli // Vestnik Universiteta imeni O.E. Kutafina. – 2020– T. 68. –# 4. – S. 26-40.

4. Lem St. Summa tehnologii. – M.: Mir, 1968. – 608 s.

5. Ljubimov A. P., Ponomareva D. V., Barabashev A. G. O nacional’noj strategii razvitija Iskusstvennogo intellekta // Predstavitel’naja vlast’. – 2019. – #5-6 (172-173). – S. 1-7.

6. Mazhorina M. V. Cifrovye platformy i mezhdunarodnoe chastnoe pravo, ili est’ li budushhee u kiber-prava // Lex russica (Russkij zakon). – 2019. – # 2. – S.107-120.

7. Maklakov A. G. Obshhaja psihologija: uchebnik dlja vuzov. – SPb.: Piter, 2017.

8. Til’ P. Ot nulja k edinice. Kak sozdat’ startap, kotoryj izmenit budushhee. – M.: Al’pina Pablisher, 2018.

9. Juzhaninova E. R. Internet kak novoe prostranstvo samorealizacii molodezhi // Vestnik Orenburgskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. – 2013. – # 7(156). – S. 82-89.

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11. Rochet J., Tirole J. Platform Competition in Two-Sided Markets // Journal of the European Economic Association. – Vol. 1. – Issue 4. – 1 June 2003. – P. 990-1029.

The purpose of this article is to review basic principles of strategic management of innovation activities at research and production enterprises. The research is based on modern concepts of innovation management and strategic business planning. It highlights the importance of innovation management as a process that affects competitiveness of research and production enterprises.

Keywords: innovation management, strategic management, innovation processes, innovation activity.

1. GOST R ISO 9000-2015 Nacional’nyj standart Rossijskoj Federacii. Sistemy menedzhmenta kachestva. Osnovnye polozhenija i slovar’.

2. GOST R ISO 9001-2015 Nacional’nyj standart Rossijskoj Federacii. Sistemy menedzhmenta kachestva. Trebovanija.

3. GOST R ISO 9004-2019 Nacional’nyj standart Rossijskoj Federacii. Menedzhment kachestva. Kachestvo organizacii. Rukovodstvo po dostizheniju ustojchivogo uspeha organizacii.

4. Gracheva N.V, Odinochenkov V.V. Sovershenstvovanie upravlenija innovacionnoj dejatel’nost’ju promyshlennyh predprijatij // Vestnik BGU. 2014. # 3.

5. Padalkin V.Ju., Dudchak V.V., Prygunkov A.M. Realizacija strategii razvitija integrirovannyh struktur na osnovanii ocenki innovacionnoj aktivnosti predprijatija // Vestnik VGUIT. 2017. # 4 (74).

The article considers and analyzes the main concepts of this topic, such as: management system, social development, social sphere. The exclusive role and effect of the social sphere on the quality of life of the country’s population is shown, as well as a brief description of the consequences of the impact of COVID-19 on social development. The article also focuses on the introduction of digital technologies in public administration.

Keywords: social development, social sphere, management, management system, Smart City.

1. Sokolova E. S., Mehdiev Je. T., Toropova N. V. Obespechenie cifrovizacii jekonomiki Rossii: voprosy informacionnoj bezopasnosti // V sbornike:Problemy obespechenija nacional’noj bezopasnosti. Sbornik statej Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. – 2020. – S. 191-197.

2. Sokolova E. S., Toropova N. V., Toropov P. A. Cifrovaja transformacija gosudarstvennogo i municipal’nogo upravlenija: grazhdanskie soobshhestva i reformy sistemy gosupravlenija // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. – 2020. – # 4 (143). – S. 440-442.

3. Sokolova E. S., Mehdiev Je. T. Konceptual’nyj podhod k monitoringu riskov gosudarstva i obshhestva v uslovijah cifrovizacii // Jekonomika: vchera, segodnja, zavtra. – 2020. – T. 10. – # 8-1. – S. 481-486.

4. Kazakova N. A., Gendon A. L., Sokolova E. S. Methodological tools for assessing the quality of information in the system of economic security business// European Journal of Scientific Research (Paris University Press). – 2016. – T. II. – # 1 (13). – S. 677-682.

The article examines various events and circumstances that had an impact on changes in the value of gold during the spread of the coronavirus pandemic and the “coronavirus crisis” that frolicked against its background. Epidemiological crises, due to their unpredictability, can have an uncontrollable impact on the economy as well as on investors and investment strategies. The coronavirus and the crisis developing against its background have become a new challenge for all mankind, and their unpredictable nature has begun to introduce investors into global uncertainty. Gold has once again become a widely demanded instrument for preserving finances.

Investing in gold during crises can be viewed ambiguously by adherents of various financial schools. Gold is shunned by many investors because it does not pay dividends or interest, but its price tends to rise during global crises. Based on the results of the study, we can say with confidence: world practice shows that each new global crisis has its own institutional characteristics and the behavior of the exchange is almost always unpredictable.

Keywords: coronavirus, pandemic, economy, gold, stock exchange.

1. Maksimova E. V., Rjabcev A. G., Sazonova O. A. Vlijanie koronavirusa na jekonomiku Rossii // Innovacii i investicii. – 2020. – # 4. – S. 283-286.

2. Tumanjan G. V. O dejatel’nosti pravitel’stv v periody global’nyh krizisov. Vlijanie COVID-19 na societal’nye izmenenija vnutrennej politiki //Vestnik akademii prava i upravlenija. – 2020. – #4. – S. 39-43.

3. Ichev R., Marins M. Stock prices and geographic proximity of information: evidence from the Ebola outbreak // Financ Anal. – 2018. – # 56. – R. 153-166.

4. Marcau F. C. Analysis of democratic states on the reduction of human rights during the Sars-Cov-2 pandemics // Astra Salvensi. – 2020. – # 15. – P. 83-94.

5. Mensi M., Lee Y. J., Al-Yahyaee K. H., Sensoy A., Yoon S. M. Intraday downward/upward multifractality and long memory in Bitcoin and Ethereum markets: an asymmetric multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis// Finance Res Lett. – 2019. – # 31. – R. 19-25.

6. Singhal S., Choudhary S., Biswal P. C. Return and volatility linkages among International crude oil price, gold price, exchange rate and stock markets: evidence from Mexico // Resours Pol. – 2019. – # 60. – R. 255-261.

7. Zhu N., Zhang D., Wang W., Li X., Yang B., Song J., Zhao X., Huang B., Shi W., Lu R., Niu P., Zhan F., Ma X., Wang D., Xu W., Wu G., Gao G.F., Tan W. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China //New England Journal of Medicine. – 2019. – # 8. – P. 727-733.

When constructing a construction object, technical and structural solutions, their technical and economic assessment are of the utmost importance when making a decision on the implementation of a construction project. But in the framework of the active process of digitalization of construction, reasonable use of resources, and the implementation of the order of the President of Russia dated 19.07.2018 No. Pr-1235, social indicators also take on central importance in the framework of the justification of construction projects. At the same time, it should be noted that the relevance of this study is due to the lack of elaboration of the methodological basis for assessing the social effect in the implementation of construction projects.

Keywords: digital construction, information model, digital model, design solution, spatial planning solutions, design solutions.

1. Poruchenie Prezidenta RF ot 19.07.2018 g. # Pr-1235.

2. Postanovlenie Pravitel’stva RF # 1431 ot 15.09.2020 «Ob utverzhdenii Pravil formirovanija i vedenija informacionnoĭ modeli ob”ekta kapital’nogo stroitel’stva».

3. Hajrullin V.A., Ahundov Je.R., Kuznecov D.V., Zencov V.N. Ocenka social’nogo i bjudzhetnogo jeffekta pri realizacii investicionnyh proektov zatratnogo tipa v stroitel’stve: monografija. Kazan’: Buk, 2021. 226 s.

The author of the article, having considered the socio-economic situation in the country, concluded that many banks were originally created as financial institutions that serve the interests of certain families and clans. Hence the banks ‘ distrust of the population, and the population’s distrust of banks. The author claims that the reduction in inflation to 2 % should have served to reduce the key and credit rates, make loans available, increase investment activity and move the economy and living standards to growth as promised. However, this did not happen. Inflation was lowered in order to pump it up again with taxes and fees

Keywords: the budget, depression, inflation, pension provision, shadow sectors of the economy, fictitious economy.

1. Krizisnaja jekonomika sovremennoj Rossii: tendencii i perspektivy / pod red. E. T. Gajdara — M.:Prospekt, 2010.— 656 s. — ISBN 978-5-392-00966-4

2. Leshhinskaja A.F. Problemy upravlenija s neoborotnymi aktivami v uslovijah innovacionnoj jekonomiki Rossii /Targetirovanie/ Sb. statej: Finansovye strategii i modeli jekonomicheskogo rosta Rossii: problemy i reshenija. – M.: Auditor, 2017.– S. 56-67.

3. Period poluraspada / KPRF Moskva. Pervyj zamestitel’ predsedatelja Komiteta GD po jekonomicheskoj politike promyshlennosti, innovacionnomu razvitiju i predprinimatel’stvu, sekretar’ CK KPRF Aref’ev N. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://msk.kprf.ru/2018/12/28/105697/.

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5. Bjudzhetnaja sistema Rossii: ucheb. [Tekst]/ Pod red. G. B. Poljaka. – M.: JuNITI-DANA, 2012. – 212 s. Istochnik: [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://refleader.ru/jgeujgbewrnajge.html.

The «apology of culture» and the emphasis on the «cultural dimension» in various fields of social science and human sciences need a philosophical interpretation. The article defines the methodological distinctions made in the «existential-historical thinking» by M. Heidegger; culture is presented as a «phenomenon of modernity»; the task is to identify the need for distinctions: «the creation of art» and «cultural artifact» according to the «way of their being»: «creation» and «product»; «Areas of creativity» and activities to create «culture» – «cultural policy»; «Artist» and «businessman» – are the way through which the «essence of culture» is revealed. Arguments are presented that support Heidegger’s conclusion that culture is cultural policy, that is, one of the areas of production; cultural policy is a form of biopolitical production of life (G. Agamben).

Keywords: culture, cultural policy, «historiographic animal», modernity, creativity, business, museum.

1. Adorno T. Posle Osvencima / Negativnaja dialektika. M.: Nauchnyj mir, 2003. S. 322-325.

2. Bek U. Chto takoe globalizacija. M.: Progress-Tradicija, 2001. 304 s.

3. Mal’cev K.G. Ponjatie politicheskogo i mirovoj besporjadok: perspektivy soglasija, vojny i global’nogo imperskogo porjadka: monografija. Kniga1. Global’naja perspektiva i gosudarstvo-nacija suverennogo naroda v jekonomicheskoj paradigme politicheskogo / K.G. Mal’cev, A.L. Alaverdjan, L.L. Lomako, A.V. Mal’ceva. Belgorod: Izd-vo BGTU, 2020. 727 s.

4. Mal’cev K.G. Ponjatie politicheskogo i mirovoj besporjadok: perspektivy soglasija, vojny i global’nogo imperskogo porjadka: monografija. Kniga 2. Genezis mirovogo imperskogo porjadka v jekonomicheskoj paradigme politicheskogo / K.G. Mal’cev, A.L. Alaverdjan, L.L. Lomako, A.V. Mal’ceva. Belgorod: Izd-vo BGTU, 2020. 752 s.

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The complication of the socio-technical environment is recorded in terms of polifurcation, hybridity, complementarity, chaosmos, puzzle, metastability, VUCA-world. One of the adaptive concepts that help us to accept complexity as a given is the “new normality”, which is used as a standard for describing the complexity, multifactoriality, instability of the global environment.

Keywords: new normality, non-classical social ontology, hybridity, instability, uncertainty, complexity, polyfurcation, black swan, risks, Taleb, sustainable development.

1. Simanov A. L. Princip dopolnitel’nosti kak faktor unifikacii fizicheskih teorij: dopolnitel’nost’ i sootvetstvie // Filosofija nauki. – 2017. – #2 (73). – C. 66-86.

2. Timoshhuk A. S. Mezhdisciplinarnost’ i komplementarnost’ poznanija // Edinstvo v mnogoobrazii: nauka i social’naja praktika v fokuse mezhdisciplinarnosti: materialy Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem, (Rostov-na-Donu, 17-18 nojabrja 2017 g.) /Juzhnyj federal’nyj universitet; [redkol.: A. V. Korenevskij (otv. red.) i dr.]. – Rostov-na-Donu;Taganrog: Izdatel’stvo Juzhnogo federal’nogo universiteta, 2018. – S. 64-68.

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6. Timoshhuk A. S. Janusovidnost’ standartov v mezhdunarodnoj politike i prave kak sposob aktualizacii social’noj dinamiki v uslovijah global’noj konkurencii // Aktual’nye problemy mezhdunarodnogo prava i vneshnejekonomicheskoj dejatel’nosti. materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii prepodavatelej i studentov.– Vladimir: VlGU, 2016. – S. 95-100.

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The article reveals a synergistic combination of economic and ecological directions of human existence and the existence of nature.

The relevance of the study lies in the fact that an ecophilic attitude towards reality reveals the important value of such in economic activity.

Ecophilic development approach has a number of advantages, consisting in the need to preserve the environment, maintain the health of the population through the introduction of secondary processing of raw materials, waste-free technologies, and the widespread use of inexhaustible resources. The idea of an ecophilic economy makes it possible to approach the ethics and practice of parity relations between man and nature, embodied in the well-established term of a green economy. The theoretical and practical foundations of the ecophilicity of the green economy reveal the essence of important views and tasks for solving the global problems of mankind, which have intensified during the crisis time of the pandemic.

Keywords: economy, ecophilicity, sustainable development, green economy.

1. Babenko M. V., Bik S. I., Postnova A. I. Zelenaja jekonomika opredelenija i ponjatija. – M.: Izd-vo Vsemirnyj fond dikoj prirody (WWF), 2018. – 36 s.

2. Bobylev S. N., Zaharov V. M. Jekologija i jekonomika. «Zeljonaja» jekonomika. Chelovek i priroda. – M.:Departament prirodopol’zovanija i ohrany okruzhajushhej sredy goroda Moskvy / Centr ustojchivogo razvitija i zdorov’ja sredy IBR RAN / Centr jekologicheskoj politiki Rossii, 2015. – 98 s.

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7. Lipina S. A., Agapova E.V., Lipina A. V. Zelenaja jekonomika. Global’noe razvitie. – M.: Izd-vo Prospekt, 2016. – 234 s.

8. Prioritety nacional’noj jekologicheskoj politiki Rossii. / pod. red. V. M. Zaharova. – M.: Izd-vo Tipografija Levko, Institut ustojchivogo raz-vitija/Centr jekologicheskoj politiki Rossii, 2009. – 152 s.

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10. Tyagi R., Vishwakarma S., Zubkov S.A., Mohammmed S. ICT Skills for Sustainable Development Goal 4. Springer. – [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69902-8_39-1.

The article considers the concept of culture of the representatives of Russian religious philosophy such as I. A. Ilyin, V. V. Rozanov, V. S. Solovyov, S. N. Trubetskoy, P. A. Florensky. It is noted that in the ideas of Russian religious philosophers, culture has transcendental foundations, and the primary source of culture is spirituality and religion, primarily Christianity. Culture is created on the basis of the transcendent, but does not serve its knowledge, existing as a conductor of the transcendent (religion, spirituality) in the world. The

concepts of culture developed by Russian religious philosophers are anthropocentric, since they recognize the formation of both a person’s personality and his culture on the basis of the spiritual, transcendental.

Keywords: culture, religion, religious philosophy, anthropology, transcendental.

1. Burlaka D. K. Ponjatie kul’tury v kontekste idej russkoj religioznoj filosofii // Izvestija Rossijskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A. I. Gercena. – 2008. – # 50. – S. 7-20.

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The subject of the research is the interdisciplinary interaction of legal science and philosophy in a situation of lack of understanding between them. The main question of the article is whether the philosophy of law is a «trading zone» between philosophy and jurisprudence (theory and practice) and what are its features and type of formation? The formulation of the question is associated with the uncertainty of the attribution of the philosophy of law to legal science or philosophy. It is argued that the philosophy of law as a «trading zone» overcomes the boundaries of its basic sphere, goes beyond the limits of philosophy and jurisprudence itself, becomes borderline, invades the area of law enforcement and establishes the presumption of the truth of the law. As a worldview, philosophy of law descriptively «grasps» legal reality in the integrity of epistemological, axiological and praxeological contexts. Justification receives the assertion that philosophical and legal reflection cannot be laid down in the Procrustean bed of truth, while legal knowledge loses its meaning without an assessment of the truth.

Keywords: philosophy of law, «trading zone», truth, presumption of the truth of the law, praxeology of law, Pеter Galison.

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The article examines modern privatization, which affects all spheres of society, such as education, medicine, weapons and crime. In fact, we are talking about the fact that what used to be state-owned is now only managed by the state. Such a policy is often carried out under the auspices of reducing the role of the State and its administrative apparatus. In reality, it consists in the formation of companies that are given the powers of the state, which it also chooses, which leads to various problems, including the growth of corruption.

Keywords: state, development, society, state apparatus.

1. El Sayed S. A. et al. Comparing the rates of misconduct between private and public prisons in Texas // Crime & Delinquency. – 2020. – T. 66. – # 9. – S. 1217-1241.

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The resistance to “totalizing globalization” noted by many modern researchers and the rejection

of its obvious consequence – inequality, suggest the need for the emergence of political practices that democratically legitimize the political course towards the deepening and universalization of globalization processes, which are considered “objective” and “irrevocable”. The preservation of “cultural identity”, the new representation of the emerging globality as a dialectical unity of” globalization “and” localization “(“glocalization”), the restriction of “economic monocausality” through politicization based on the recognition of the right to” cultural diversity”, are considered as a relevant way to remove the antagonism of political conflicts recognized by the majority of convinced globalists. “Cultural peculiarity” as a right and as an imperative of public policy in the perspective of the implementation of the global order project is the subject of philosophical interpretation in the article.

Keywords: globalization, politicization, philosophical interpretation, public policy, world political order, “cultural identity”, “universal logic of capital”.

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im. N. I. Lobachevskogo. Serija: Social’nye nauki.– 2016. – # 3 (43). – S. 83–90.

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This article looks at the debatable problem of the philosophical and legal specifics of solving environmental problems. We give a detailed analysis of different, often polar-opposite opinions of scientists (philosophers, sociologists, and legal scholars) on the theoretical and methodological approach to solving environmental problems. We also disclose the likely reasons for the delimitation among researchers in the issue of ways of solving modern environmental problems. We note the importance of constructing a cross-scientific, interdisciplinary understanding of the current environmental crisis. Lastly, we emphasize the role and importance of legal and philosophical research in the correct formulation of environmental problems and the development of an optimal environmental strategy for their solution.

Keywords: ecology, ecological problems, global ecological crisis, nature and culture, anthropogenic impact, consumption, legal awareness, ecological consciousness, legal solutions to ecological problems, depletion of natural resources, pollution.

1. Basilaia M. A. Filosofskie problemy jekologicheskoj bezopasnosti chelovechestva // Advanced Engineering Research. 2010. # 5. S. 783-787.

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6. Kokovkina A. A., Cycarev A. A. Jeticheskoe otnoshenie k prirode: optimizm teorii i real’nost’ praktiki // Nauchno-tehnicheskie vedomosti Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo politehnicheskogo universiteta. Obshhestvo. Kommunikacija. Obrazovanie. 2014. # 3 (203). S. 127-135.

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The article examines the process of forming the image of Russia abroad in the course of cultural interaction between Russia and Europe in the pre-revolutionary period and during the first wave of Russian emigration. The author analyzes the features of the “Russian World”, its activities in the cultural life of Europe, which allowed to form a new, different from the old image of cultural Russia. The author asserts the productivity of self-identification and self-knowledge of the complex dialectics of modern social life in Russia through the dichotomy “I am another” both for self-development and for making informed decisions that determine the vector of interaction in the global world.

Keywords: Russian world, cultural interaction, “white emigration”, image of Russia, self-identification, self-knowledge.

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This article is devoted to the topic of multiple subjectivity – one of the most relevant and attracting attention in modern philosophy.

The idea of studying the subject and its cleavage is rooted in the philosophical system of Hegel, and in modern philosophy is developed and vividly highlighted in the works of Søren Kierkegaard, Julia Kristeva, and others.

Keywords: multiple subjectivity, subject, individual, multiple consciousness, split.

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In this article on the basis of a questionnaire survey of the participants of the holiday in the Rekom sanctuary the features of the “interaction” of respondents with the sacred space (frequency of visits), the level of involvement (frequency) of respondents in collective religious practices, determination of the causality of participation in group religious event are examined. In addition, the presence/ absence of elements of “external” attributes for respondents: sacred texts, special ritual clothing, symbolic items is established.

Keywords: sacred space, respondents, survey, religious attribute, collective ritual practice.

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The article deals with ideas of Jean Bodin, that were stated in his works «Six books of the Commonwealth» and «Method for the easy comprehension of history». The paper analyzes the definition of sovereignty and the nature of this fundamental concept. The characteristics of sovereignty which are key to understand the Bodin’s idea are also examined.

Keywords: Jean Bodin, sovereignty, characteristics of sovereignty, absolute power, types of states.

1. Andrew Edward. “Jean Bodin on Sovereignty”, University of Toronto, Republics of Letters: A Journal for the Study of Knowledge, Politics, and the Arts 2, 2011. # 2

2. Andreev N.Ju. Gosudarstvennyj suverenitet: popytka pereosmyslenija // Rossijskij zhurnal pravovyh issledovanij. 2017. # 2 (11). [Jelektronnyj resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30576878

3. Bajazitova G.I. Rimskie pravovye ponjatija «imperium» i «potestas» v koncepcii suvereniteta Zhana Bodena // Iz istorii i kul’tury Srednih vekov i rannego Novogo vremeni. SPb., 2007.

4. Bajazitova G.I., Mitjurjova D.S. V preddverii rozhdenija gosudarstva: jazyk, pravo i filosofija v politicheskoj teorii Zhana Bodena: monografija. Tjumen’: izdatel’stvo tjumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2012.

5. Bajazitova G.I., Mitjurjova D.S. Istochniki znanij o proshlom v proizvedenijah Zhana Bodena: vzgljad na istoriju v jepohu religioznoj smuty // Perehodnye periody vo vsemirnoj istorii: transformacija istoricheskogo znanija. M., 2012.

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The article examines the ontological foundations of the dialectics of evolution in the context of biotechnology. The basic evolutionary mechanisms are analyzed, both indirect and direct from the point of view of ontology through a dialectical prism. The main issues of bioethics and possible ontological conflicts in the context of the legitimacy of the transition from human to «posthuman» are considered. Evolutionary determinism through an ontological prism.

Keywords: ontology, philosophy, biotechnology, transhumanism.

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The purpose of this article is to establish a methodological framework that allows to systematically talk about a «horizontal» version of the national idea of Russia. The national idea is an important component of the cultural and historical experience of our society. It has been established that the classical paradigm is characterized by a missionary orientation, universalism, idealism, essentialism and an insufficient applied component, which can reduce the effectiveness of its application. It is argued that based on such modern concepts of society as the theory of social complexity by M. Delananda, the theory of set by A. Negri, the theory of imitation by G. Tarde, the concept of heterarchy by I. Krasavin, etc., one can speak of an individualized, horizontal, flexible concept. Since society is not formed on the basis of a rational idea, but certain modifications of the idea are formed in society in the course of the practice of interaction between individuals, when formulating the modern version of the national idea, it is advisable to turn to the practices of human interaction and the methods of their perception and reproduction. Since society is always in a state of formation, regular monitoring and discussion of the structure and content of the national idea of Russia with its various representatives is necessary.

Keywords: national idea, national idea of Russia, “horizontal concept”, multitude, singularity, social process.

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